2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国 Ⅰ 卷

1、 21/21A12020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国 卷英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A 19.15. B 9.18. C 9.15.答案是C。1Where does the conversation probably take place?AIn a supermarket. BIn the po

2、st office.CIn the street.2What did Carl do?AHe designed a medal.BHe fixed a TV set.CHe took a test.3What does the man do?AHes a tailor. BHes a waiter.CHes a shop assistant.4When will the flight arrive?AAt 18：20. BAt 18：35.CAt 18：50.5How can the man improve his article?ABy deleting unnecessary words.

3、BBy adding a couple of points.CBy correcting grammar mistakes.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6What does Bill often do on Friday night?AVisit his parents. BGo to the movies.

4、CWalk along Broadway.7Who watches musical plays most often?ABill. BSarah. CBills parents.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8Why does David want to speak to Mike?ATo invite him to a party.BTo discuss a schedule.CTo call off a meeting.9What do we know about the speakers?AThey are colleagues.BThey are close friends.CThey

5、ve never met before.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10What kind of camera does the man want?AA TV camera. BA video camera.CA movie camera.11Which function is the man most interested in?AUnderwater filming. BA large memory.CAutofocus.12How much would the man pay for the second camera?A950 euros. B650 euros.C470 eur

6、os.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Who is Clifford?AA little girl. BThe mans pet.CA fictional character.14Who suggested that Norman paint for childrens books?AHis wife. BElizabeth.CA publisher.15What is Normans story based on?AA book. BA painting.CA young woman.16What is it that shocked Norman?AHis unexpected su

7、ccess.BHis efforts made in vain.CHis editors disagreement.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?ARelatives. BStrangers. CVisitors.18Why do people have small talk?ATo express opinions.BTo avoid arguments.CTo show friendliness.19Which of the following is a freq

8、uent topic in small talk?APolitics. BMovies. CSalaries.20What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?AAsking openended questions.BFeeling free to change topics.CMaking small talk interesting.【答案】15CBACA610BBCCB1115ACCAB1620ABCBA第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、

9、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATrain InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no

10、 guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property(失物招领)Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am. to 5：00 pm. and is located(位于) at Roma Str

11、eet station.Public holidaysOn public holidays，generally a Sunday timetable operates.On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day，Anzac Day，sporting and cultural days，special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable.Before travel please visit .au or

12、 call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance，please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6：42 pm.AltandiVarsity Lakes7：3

13、7 pm.7：29 pm.CentralVarsity Lakes8：52 pm.8：57 pm.Fortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9：52 pm.11：02 pm.Roma StreetVarsity Lakes12：22 am.语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会社会生活列车服务信息【语篇解读】本文介绍了乘坐火车的相关信息。21What would you do to get ticket information?ACall 13 16 17.BVisit .au.CAsk at the local station.DCheck the train schedule.

14、C细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”可知想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站，本题答案为C。22At which station can you find the lost property office?AAltandi. BRoma Street.CVarsity Lakes. DFortitude Valley.B细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：

15、30 am. to 5：00 pm. and is located (位于) at Roma Street station.” 可知失物招领处位于Roma Street车站。本题答案为B。23Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A6：42 pm. B7：29 pm.C8：57 pm. D11：02 pm.B细节理解题。根据文中表格的内容可知，从Central到Varsity Lakes的列车的出发时间为晚上7：29。BReturning to a book youve read many time

16、s can feel like drinks with an old friend.Theres a welcome familiaritybut also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both，and thus the relationship.But books dont change，people do.And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in th

17、e idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.Its true，the older I get，the more I feel time has wings.But with reading，its all about the present.Its about the now and what one contributes to the now，because reading is a give and take between author and reader.Each has to

18、 pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually.The first，which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingways A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964，its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simp

19、ler time.Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortzars Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.And because Cortzar.While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the me

20、aning I attach to them.But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember，its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better un

21、derstand your friends.语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与自我丰富自我作者对重读以前读过的书的感悟【语篇解读】重读一本你读过很多次的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起参加酒宴一样。重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的精神状态之上的，随着年龄的增长，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。24Why does the author like rereading?AIt evaluates the writerreader relationship.BIts a window to a whole new world.CIts a substitute for drinking

22、 with a friend.DIt extends the understanding of oneself.D推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者认为重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系基于我们目前的精神状态，作者年龄越大，就越觉得时光如梭。由此可推知，重读以前读过的书能让你加深对阅读内容的理解。随着年龄的增长，你可能阅历更丰富，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。因此答案为D。干扰项分析A项的陈述与原文不符，原文并没有提到作者与读者的关系。B项是常理项，但是原文中没有信息支撑这个选项。原文中说重读一本你读过很多次的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起参加酒宴一样。作者用了比喻，但是阅读不能代替与朋友参加酒

23、宴，因此C项错误。25What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?AIts a brief account of a trip.BIts about Hemingways life as a young man.CIts a record of a historic event.DIts about Hemingways friends in Paris.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Published in 1964，its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.an aging writer looking

24、back on an ambitious yet simpler time.” 可知，A Moveable Feast讲述年迈的海明威回忆青年时代在巴黎度过的日子，因此本题答案为B。26What does the underlined word “currency” in Paragraph 4 refer to?ADebt. BReward.CAllowance. DFace value.B词义猜测题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，作者认为，虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者对该作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处指奖励。27What can we infer about the a

25、uthor from the text?AHe loves poetry. BHes an editor.CHes very ambitious.DHe teaches reading.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortzars Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.”可以推断作者喜爱诗歌。CRace

26、walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does，however，have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50kilometer race walk，which is about five mile

27、s longer than the marathon.But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times.Its this strange from that makes race walking such an attractive activity，however，says Jaclyn Norberg，an assis

28、tant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem，Mass.Like running，race walking is physically demanding，she says.According to most calculations，race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour，which is approximately twice as many as

29、 they would burn walking，although fewer than running，which would probably burn about 1，000 or more calories per hour.However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does，Dr.Norberg says.According to her research，runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per

30、step，while race walkers，who do not leave the ground，create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runners knee，are uncommon among race walkers.But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the an

31、kles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique，she says.It takes some practice.语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会体育竞走运动及其与跑步的不同之处【语

32、篇解读】本文主要介绍了竞走这项运动的相关情况及其与跑步的不同之处。28Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?AThey must run long distances.BThey are qualified for the marathon.CThey have to follow special rules.DThey are good at swinging their legs.C推理判断题。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段，根据该段中的“But the sports rules require

33、 that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times.”可知，竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直，同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知，竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则，故C项正确。29What advantage does race walking have over running?AIts more popular at the Olympics.B

34、Its less challenging physically.CIts more effective in body building.DIts less likely to cause knee injuries.D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“some of the injuries associated with running，such as runners knee，are uncommon among race walkers”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，如跑步者的膝盖(受伤)，在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知，竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤，故D项正确。30What is Dr.Norbe

35、rgs suggestion for someone trying race walking?AGetting experts opinions.BHaving a medical checkup.CHiring an experienced coach.DDoing regular exercises.A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique” 可知，Norberg博

36、士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技巧，故A项正确。31Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking?ASkeptical. BObjective.CTolerant. DConservative.B观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些危害，态度是客观的，故B项正确。DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific re

37、search.Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example，discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Mas

38、sachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions.These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detec

39、t harmful chemicals in groundwater.“Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day，” explained Michael Strano，a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments using some comm

40、on vegetables.Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for threeandahalf hours.The light，about onethousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start.The technology，Strano said，could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into selfpowered street lamps.In the f

41、uture，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a oneoff treatment that would last the plants lifetime.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7%

42、 of the total electricity consumed in the US.Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输)Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy

43、.语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然人与植物发光植物【语篇解读】本文介绍了与植物有关的研究，重点介绍了发光植物的相关内容。32What is the first paragraph mainly about?AA new study of different plants.BA big fall in crime rates.CEmployees from various workplaces.DBenefits from green plants.D主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Recent studies have found positive effects.” 可知，D选项“Benef

44、its from green plants”能概括本段内容。33What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?ATo detect plants lack of water.BTo change compositions of plants.CTo make the life of plants longer.DTo test chemicals in plants.A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors prin

45、ted onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water.”可知，A选项正确。根据该句后半部分“a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.”可知，干扰项D选项错误。34What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?AThey will speed up energy production.BThey may transmit electricity to the home.CThey might help

46、 reduce energy consumption.DThey could take the place of power plants.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”可推知，在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。35Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ACan we grow more glowing plants?BHow do we live

47、 with glowing plants?CCould glowing plants replace lamps?DHow are glowing plants made pollutionfree?C主旨大意题。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用；第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究；第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光；第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以“打开”和“关上”；第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多，或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗？)最能凸显本文主题。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选

48、出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A Few Tips for SelfAcceptanceWe all want it. to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel notgoodenough.Why do you

49、 follow them？Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs？Know that your life is your own；you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures. 38 Y

50、ou will make mistakes，time and time again.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better，why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心) response？“That didnt go as planned.But，I tried my best.”Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to loo

51、k at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that youve listed your strengths，list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal.Put into words why you feel unworthy，why you dont feel good en

52、ough.Now，read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are?AFeeling upset again?BWhere do you start?CNothing is too small to celebrate.DRemember，you are only human.ESet an intention for selfacceptance.FStop compari

53、ng yourself with others.GWhen does the comparison game start?语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我认识自我自我接受【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了一些自我接受的小技巧。36B由空前内容可知我们都想接受并爱自己。但有时它似乎太困难，太遥不可及。由空后一句“Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.”可知，空处指你应从哪儿开始，B项符合语境。37F本空是段落主题句。由空后的两个问句可知本段主要讲不要和他人对比，故F项(停止与他人作比较)符合语境。38D根据段落

54、主题句可知，本段主要讲要原谅自己所犯的错误。根据空后一句可知你会一次又一次地犯错，即你只是个人，是人都会犯错，D项符合语境。39C本段主要讲要认识到自己的优点并列举出你的成就，由空前一句“You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today.”可知，再小的事也应庆祝，C项符合语境。40A根据空前的“list your imperfections”“read these words back to yourself.”再结合空后内容可知，阅读描写自己缺点的词会使自己感到沮丧，A项符合语境。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分4

55、5分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Since our twins began learning to walk，my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 41 is obvious.If we 42 it is a door，theyll want to go outside 43 It will drive us crazy.The kids apparen

56、tly know the 44 But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids.One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48 I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 I have a very s

57、trong 51 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children.Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door，like an opportunity(机会) of some sort，and 55 opening the do

58、or and taking the opportunity，they just 56 it and wonder，“What if it isnt a door？”That is，“What if it isnt a 57 opportunity？”Maybe its an unreasonable fear.But the 58 is that I shouldnt lie to my kids.I should just 59 repeatedly having to say，“No.We cant go outside now.”Then when they come to other

59、doors in life，be they real or metaphorical，they wont 60 to open them and walk through.语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我个人经历作者对谎言产生的恐惧【语篇解读】有时为了避开麻烦，我们难免会说谎。可谎言有时也会让人产生恐惧，引发人内心的不安。本文叙述了作者在自己的双胞胎孩子刚学步时，为避免孩子不断地通过滑动玻璃门给其带来麻烦，刻意编造谎言告诉孩子，那是窗户而不是门，而后又后悔对孩子说谎的故事。窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前。41

60、A.relief Btarget CreasonDcaseC根据语境可知，作者说谎的原因(reason)很明显。42A.admit Bbelieve CmeanDrealizeA结合下文“theyll want to go outside It will drive us crazy”可推知，如果作者他们承认(admit)这是门，孩子就会一直(constantly)想出去，这会使他们发疯的。43A.gradually BconstantlyCtemporarilyDcasuallyB参见上题解析。temporarily“暂时地，临时地”；casually“随意地，偶然地”。44A.result