2022-2023学年人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language非限制定语从句课件（38张）

1、Unit 1UNIT 1PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT1. This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.2. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to st

2、udy malaria patients.3. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.Read the sentences from the text and then fill in the blanks below.4. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found

3、a substance that worked.5. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.6. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a long history. Beijing is a city that Ive always wanted to v

4、isit.I have a sister, who works in a hospital. I have a sister who works in a hospital. Can you tell the difference?限制性定从和非限制定从的区别：People who take physical exercise live longer.His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.I have a sister who is a doctor.I have a sister, who is a doct

5、or.He is the man whose car was stolen.Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat.The place which interested me most was the Childrens Palace.Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.功能不同：限：修饰，限制 非：补充说明含义不同（修饰专业名词或具有独一无二性的名词时，用非限制性定从）非限制性定从的先行词可以是一个从句或句子翻译不同RIGHT or WRONG?The moon which is 384,400

6、kilometers form the earth creates many beautiful stories.Meizhou where I was born is located in the south of china.I have three foreign teachers two of whom are from Canada.2. 思考：什么情况下通常要用非限制性定语从句The moon, which is 384,400 kilometers form the earth, creates many beautiful stories.2. Meizhou, where I

7、 was born, is located in the south of china.I have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada.I have a sister, who works in a hospital. He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true专有名词（人名，地名）或独一无二的事物some/many/few+of+which/whom时唯一亲属关系代词指代整个主句内容时定语从句就其与先行词的关系可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语

8、从句。non-restrictive relative clauses一、形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。如：The number of people who/that own cars is increasing.I spoke to Dr. Smith just now, who is always ready to help others.二、作用不同限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响。如：Frankl

9、in was the first man who discovered the nature of electricity. The driver, who was very young, had only just got his license.三、先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词, 也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。如：Things then improved, which surprised me. （先行词为整个主句）四、关系词不同限制性定语从句可以由that, why引导，而非限制性定语从句不用；关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾

10、语时可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中通常不省略。如：There were very few passengers that/who had escaped without serious injury.There were very few passengers, who had escaped without serious injury.Have you found the book (that/which) you want?【拓展】无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，只要关系词在从句中作定语，都用whose引导。如：I like the teacher whose classes

11、are very interesting and lively. Edward, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital.关系副词或“介词+ which / whom”可引导限制性定语从句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：He was born in the year when/in which the war broke out.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, where/in which my grandparents live.限制性定语

12、从句中的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句中的关系代词既可以指代一个名词或代词，也可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。如：He was late for class again, which made his teacher very angry.【语境应用】完成句子。1) The foreign guests, _ (who / that) were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport. 2) My father bought me several books, none of _ (which / that) I lik

13、e to read. 3) Is there anyone in your class _ (which / whose) family is in the city? 4) Football, _ (which / that) is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.whowhichwhosewhich5) The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang, _ (that / whom) they respect greatly. 6) They went to

14、the Royal Theatre, _ (which / where) they saw the great show. 7) The weather turned out to be very good, _ (which / that) was more than I had expected. 8) There are 50 students in our class, half of _ (whom/ who) are girls.whomwherewhichwhomRead the following sentences and underline the relative cla

15、uses. Then name the two types of clauses and state their functions.1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.restrictive, describe the kind of medical treatments they tested2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered

16、one of the highest international honors a person can receive.non-restrictive, give extra information about Nobel Prize3. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.non-restrictive, give extra information about Hainan 4. Later, the medicine was tested on malari

17、a patients, most of whom recovered.non-restrictive, give extra information about the patientsMatch the words with correct meanings.the conditions in which you live or affect a situation /action /event etcsomeone who writes novelssmooth movement of liquid/gas/electricity; the movement of goods, peopl

18、e, or information; to supplyinformation in the form of picture/graph /figures; to record information; to make a planflow, circumstance, chart, novelistcircumstancenovelistflowchartRewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses. How do the sentences flow differently?The book tells us ab

19、out Alexander Fleming. He discovered penicillin.The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin.1. We were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to acknowledge defeat. We were very impressed by the old man, who was not willing to acknowledge defeat.2. Afterwards, Ein

20、stein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.3. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.4. The

21、 teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J.K. Rowling. It inspired us a lot. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J.K. Rowling, which inspired us a lot. 5. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Peia famous Chinese-American archi

22、tect. He was born in Guangzhou, China. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Peia famous Chinese-American architect, who was born in Guangzhou, China.6. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart. It was a big challenge for me. I was asked to explain the project

23、with the help of a flow chart, which was a big challenge for me.Complete the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses to give extra information. Then share them with your group members.Id like to try,Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again, which seems to work best for my cough.1.

24、I would like to travel around, 2. What impressed me most, 3. My favorite scientist is,4. Finally we arrived at, 5. My grandparents like , 6. I wish to obtain, 7. My best friend, 1. I would like to travel around Sichuan Province, where Jiuzhaigou locates.2. What impressed me most about the film was t

25、he ending, which was quite moving.3. My favorite scientist is Nikola Tesla, who was quite brilliant but also has some crazy ideas.4. Finally we arrived at the zoo, which was closed for repairs.5. My grandparents like going for outings in spring, which is good for their health.6. I wish to obtain a d

26、riving licence, which is necessary if you want to drive a car.7. My best friend came to visit last week, which was the first time I had seen him in years.限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，使先行词区别于同类其他事物；主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。引导词：关系代词和关系副词，作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整。一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。引导词：as, who, whom,

27、whose, which, when, where等，不用that或why, 不能省略How have weddings changed in recent years?Li Qiang: There was a time 1. _ weddings were very traditional in China, but that changed in the 1980s, 2. _ some Western-style ceremonies became popular.whenwhenFill in the blanks with proper relative words.Jun Ho: Here in South Korea, marriages were traditionally arranged by a matchmaker, 3. _ responsibility was to find the right partner for you. I have lots of friends 4. _ parents met that way, but arranged marriages a