2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类(B级)试题及参考答案

1、2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题及参考答案职称英语考试历年真题汇总 HYPERLINK /zZnTL t _blank /zZnTL（复制链接，点击“打开链接”即可访问）更多精品备考资料在职称英语考试交流群：151033695第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. Come out, or Ill bust the door down.A shut B break C set D beat2. The police will need to keep a wary eye o

2、n this area of town.A naked B blind C cautious D private3. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.A general B inflexible C complex D direct4. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A right B unbelievable C obvious D unclear5. These animals migrate south annually in sear

3、ch of food.A explore B inhabit C prefer D travel6. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A send B hear C confirm D spread7. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A found by chance B passed by C took a notice of D woke up8. I have little information as regards her fi

4、tness for the post.A about B at C with D from9. As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A express B divide C influence D voice10. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A taught B kept C changed D attracted11. He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.

5、A withhold B exchange C understand D contact12. Make sure the table is securely anchored.A repaired B cleared C booked D fixed13. She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A offensive B worried C sleepy D anxious14. There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.A different B strange C wrong D funny1

6、5. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A shorten B end C start D resume参考答案: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.B第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Kicking the HabitWhat is

7、a bad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad

8、habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we

9、intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes “programmed” into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we

10、try to change out habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them

11、 words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for e

12、ach one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that t

13、he responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change out ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in an

14、y other way.The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous lear

15、ned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Bad habits may return when we are un

16、der pressure.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. The study s

17、uggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned参考答案：16.C、17.B、18.A、19.B、20.C 、21.B、22.A第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题

18、要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Traffic JamsNo End in Sight1 Traffic congestion(拥堵)affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full wo

19、rking week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.2 The most promising technique for reducing city tr

20、affic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced t

21、raffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.3 Another way to reduce rushhour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their pa

22、rt by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowd

23、ed city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.5 Other, more forwardthinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public t

24、ransport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding

25、 is tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_26. Paragraph 4_A Not doing enoughB A global problemC Changing work practiceD A solution which is no solutionE Paying to get inF Closing city centres to traffic27. Most American dri

26、vers think it convenient to_.28. If charged high enough, some drivers may_ to enter certain parts of town.29. Building more roads is not an effective way to_.30. The U. S. government has planned to _ updating public-transport systems.A go by busB encourage more private carsC drive aroundD spend more

27、 moneyE reduce traffic jamsF travel regularly参考答案： 23. A 24. E 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. E 30. D第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇On the Trial of the Honey BadgerOn a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers l

28、earn a lot more about honey badgers. The team employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert.Their main aim was to study the badgers movements and behavior as discreetly(谨慎地) as possible without frightening them away or causing them to chang

29、e their natural behavior. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animals reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.“The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something

30、new,” he says. “That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they wont be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. Theyre actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in

31、danger, they can become extremely vicious(凶恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.”The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not

32、safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animals fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous resear

33、ch findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in

34、 a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other

35、species.As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals curiosityor sudden aggression. The badgers eating patterns, which had been disrupted, to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely

36、some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers relaxed attitude when near humans.31Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert?A. To find where honey badgers live.B. To catch some honey badgers for food.C. To observe how honey

37、 badgers behave.D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.32What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?A. They are always looking for food.B. They do not enjoy human company.C. They show interest in things they are not familiar with.D. It is common for them to attack people.33What di

38、d the team find out about honey badgers?A. There were some creatures they did not eat.B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures.C. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.D. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.34Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?A. T

39、hey dont run very quickly.B. They defend their territory from other badgers.C. They hunt over a very large area.D. They are more aggressive than females.35What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures.B. They lost interest in p

40、eople.C. They started eating more.D. Other animals started working with them.参考答案：31. C 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B第二篇“Lucky” Lord LucanAlive or DeadOn 8th November 1974 Lord Lucan, a British aristocrat, vanished. The day before, his childrens nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attac

41、ked too. To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case because Lucan has never been found. Now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping the new DNA techniques will help solve the murder mystery.People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends

42、, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had kil

43、led the nanny.What happened next is unclear, but there are several theories which fall into one of three categories: he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder, “Lucky” borrowed a car and drove it, Lucans friend Aspinall

44、 said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in the English Channel.Another version of events says that “Lucky” left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. He was met there by someone who drove him safety in another country. However, af

45、ter a time, his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed.A further fascinating theory was made in the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin, a former detective. He believes that Lucan travelled to Goa, India, where he assumed the identity of a

46、 Mr. Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in Goa till his death in 1996. In the end the claim turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. The man who died in 1996 was really Haplin, an ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. So what is the truth about “Lucky”? DNA testing has solved many murder cases, but who kn

47、ows if it can close the book on the one.36The public are still interested in the investigation because _.A. of the terrible murderB. of the use of new DNA techniquesC. Lord Lucan has never been found(the murderer has not been caught)D. lord Lucan was famous37It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny

48、 because _.A. she was looking after the childrenB. she was a friend of LucansC. it was dark and he thought she was lady Lucan(she was mistaken for his wife)D. lord Lucan thought the nanny stole his car38Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by _.A. jumping into waterB. jumping out of his houseC. sai

49、ling his boatD. sinking his boat39Lucan could have been killed because people _.A. didnt want the police to catch himB. thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught(has escaped but was killed later) C. were unhappy with himD. thought he was rich40The word “assumed” in paragraph 5

50、means-took on(教材题目)Ex-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr. Barry Haplin _.A. was an old schoolteacherB. died in Goa, IndiaC. was really Lord Lucan in disguiseD. was a merchant参考答案: 36.C 37.C 38.D 39.B 40. Took on第三篇Operation MigrationIf you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part

51、 of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(迁徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south. In one unusual case, however, the young bir

52、ds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane!The whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, peop

53、le were worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect.Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the number o

54、f birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help.In 2001, some people had a creative idea. They formed

55、 an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. T

56、he cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked.Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on thei

57、r own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population.Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, t

58、hey assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this wont be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they wont need human help any more.41Whooping cranes migrate in winter to_.A. find warmt

59、h and foodB. raise baby whooping cranesC. get human helpD. lay eggs42Whooping cranes are native to_.A. North AmericaB. MexicoC. South AmericaD. the Persian Gulf43Operation migration aims to_.A. teach adult cranes how to flyB. breed cranes in special parksC. lead young cranes on their first trip sout

60、hD. transport cranes to the north44The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is_.A.120 milesB.1931 milesC.1200 milesD.2000 miles45If operation migration is successful, whooping cranes will_.A. learn to migrate on their ownB. follow airplanes south every yearC. live in Can