欧美文学名篇选读答案

1、-. z.作者作品搭配Geoffrey Chaucer 杰佛里.乔叟The Canterbury Tales The Book of the DuchessTroilus and Criseyde The Legend of Good Women The House of Fame The Parliament of Fowls 百鸟议会Romance of the Rose 玫瑰传奇William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚A Mid-Summer Nights Dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜T

2、welfth Night 第十二夜Hamlet 哈姆雷特Othello 奥赛罗King Lear 尔王Macbeth 麦克白Venus and Adonis 维纳斯和阿多尼斯The Rape of Lucrece 鲁克丽丝受辱记Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯.培根Advancement of Learning 学术的进展Novum Organum 新工具The New Atlantic 新大西洋岛Essays 随笔Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔.笛福Robinson Crusoe 鲁宾逊漂流记Caption Singleton 辛格顿船长Moll Flanders 莫尔.佛兰德斯A J

3、ournal of the Plague Year 大疫年日记William Blake 威廉.布莱克The Chimney Sweeper 扫烟囱的孩子Song of Innocence 天真之歌Song of E*perience 经历之歌Poetical Sketches 素描诗集The French Revolution 法国革命The Marriage of Heaven Hell 天堂与地狱的婚姻America:A Prophecy 美国Milton 弥尔顿Robert Burns 罗伯特.斯A Red, Red Rose 一朵红红的玫瑰Poems, Chiefly in the

4、Scottish Dialect 格兰方言诗集The Tree of Liberty 自由树Scots Wha Hae 格兰人The Two Dogs 两只狗Holy Willies Prayer 威利长老的祈祷My Hearts in the highlands 我的心呀在高原John Anderson, My Jo 约翰.安徒生A Mans a Man for All That 不管那些William Wordsworth 威廉.华兹华斯She Dwelt Among the Untroddrn Ways Lucy Poems露茜组诗The Solitary Reaper 刈麦女I Wan

5、dered Lonely as a Cloud 我好似一朵流云单独漫游Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集An Evening Walk 黄昏漫步The E*curison 远足The Prelude 序曲George Gordon Byron 乔治.戈登.拜伦She Walks in BeautyOriental Tales 叙事诗Don Juan 唐璜Childe Harolds Pilgrimage 恰尔德.哈罗德游记The Prisoner of Chillon 锡雍的囚徒Manfred 曼弗雷德Cain 该隐The Vision of Judgment 审判的幻境The Age

6、 of Bronze 青铜世纪Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加.爱伦.坡To Helen 致海伦The Raven 乌鸦Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔.The Bells 钟声The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古宅的倒塌Walt Whitman 瓦尔特.惠特曼O Caption！My Caption！ A，船长！我的船长！Emily Dickinson 埃米莉.狄更生I Died for Beauty 为美而死Success 成功Im Nobody 我是小人物Jane Austen 简.奥斯丁Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见Sense

7、and Sensibility 理智与情感Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德公园Emma 爱玛Northanger Abbey 诺森觉寺Persuasion 劝导Charlotte Bronte 夏洛蒂.勃朗特Jane Eyre 简.爱Shirley 雪莉The Professor 教授Villette 维莱特Washington Irving 华盛顿.欧文Rip Van Winkle 瑞普.凡.温克尔The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷传奇A History of New YorkNathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔.霍桑The Scarlet Le

8、tter 红字Mosses from an Old Manse 古宅青苔The House of the Seven Gables 七个尖角阁的房子The Marble Faun 石雕像The Blithedale Romance 福谷传奇William Butler Yeats 威廉.巴特勒.叶芝The Second ing 第二次圣临The Lake Isle of Innisfree 茵尼斯弗利岛When You Are Old 当你老了Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭The Winding Stair 盘旋的楼梯William Faulkner 威廉.福克纳A Ro

9、se For Emily 献给埃米莉的玫瑰The Sound and the Fury 喧嚣与骚动As I Lay Dying 在我弥留之际Light in August 八月之光Absalom，Absalom！押沙龙,押沙龙诗歌翻译和赏析Sonnet 18 William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚Shall I pare thee to a summers dayThou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath a

10、ll too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold ple*ion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or natures changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst;Nor shall Death brag thou wand

11、erst in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growst.So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.译文我怎么能够将你比作夏天你比夏天更美丽温婉。狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，夏日的勾留何其短暂。休恋那丽日当空，转眼会云雾迷蒙;休叹那百花凋零，摧折于无常天命;唯有你永恒的夏日长新，你的美貌亦毫发无损。死神也无缘将你幽禁，你在我永恒的诗中长存。只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。1.

12、Discuss S s use of the summers day. Why does he choose this image答：The poet pares his friend to summer, and then by describing the instability of summer to show his friends immortality. His purpose is to tell us that the power of beauty es from man. The poet is praising the spirit of RenaissanceHuma

13、nism.2.What are the theme and the rhetorical devices of this sonnet答：The friendship between good friends and the eternity of their friendship. Rhetorical questioning, simile personification and parallelism.The Chimney Sweeper William Blake 威廉.布莱克A little black thing among the snow: 风雪里一个满身乌黑的小东西Cryi

14、ng weep, weep, in notes of woe! 号呀，号在那里哭哭啼啼!Where are thy father & mother say 你的爹娘上哪儿去了，你讲讲They are both gone up to the church to pray. 他们呀都去祷告了，上了教堂。Because I was happy upon the heath, 因为我原先在野地里欢欢喜喜，And smild among the winters snow: 我在冬天的雪地里也总是笑嘻嘻,They clothed me in the clothes of death, 他们就把我拿倒霉的黑

15、衣裳一罩，And taught me to sing the notes of woe. 他们还叫我唱起了悲伤的曲调。And because I am happy & dance & sing, 因为我显得快活，还唱歌，还跳舞，They think they have done me no injury: 他们就以为并没有把我害苦，And are gone to praise God & his Priest & King, 就跑去赞美了上帝、教士和国王，Who make up a heaven of our misery. 夸他们拿我们苦难造成了天堂。1.What kind of socia

16、l reality has been reflected in this poem答:The use of young children as chimney sweepers. Children were often sold at the age of 7 to work as chimney sweepers. They were badly treated, without enough clothes, food or housing. They were placed in constant danger of suffocating or burning, and the soo

17、t caused cancer and other serious illnesses that resulted in painful and early deaths统治阶级: This poem e*poses the hypocrisy and corruption of the ruling-class people. The political and religious leaders, represented by God, Priest and King, are hypocritically pious. They maintain a sumptuous life but

18、 ignore the poverty-stricken groups. Through the childs simple statement, the poet intends to attack them for their indifference and ruthlessness.2.Why is the chimney sweeper called a little black thing答: The little black thing is a little boy who is a chimney-sweeper. It is chimney-sweeping that ha

19、s made him look black. A little black thing refers to poor child who has been made black because of chimney-sweeping.She Dwell Among the Untrodden Ways William Wordsworth 威廉.华兹华斯She dwelt among the untrodden ways Beside the springs of Dove,A Maid whom there were none to praise And very few to love:A

20、 violet by a mossy stone Half hidden from the eye!Fair as a star, when only one Is shining in the sky.She lived unknown, and few could know When Lucy ceased to be;But she is in her grave, and, oh, The difference to me! 译文:她住在人迹罕至的地方她住在人迹罕至的地方，在白鸽溪水旁，没有谁赞美这位姑娘，更无人来爱赏。她是青苔石边的紫罗兰，秀色半遮半掩！她美如孤星遥挂天边，星辉烁烁闪

21、现。没有谁知道她活在人世，或者死于何时；呜呼，伊人如今已仙逝，苦痛唯有我知！1.What does the poet pare the girl to答:A Viollet and to a Star2.What is the importance of the imagery in this poemThe Solitary Reaper BEHOLD her, single in the field,看，一个孤独的高原姑娘，Yon solitary Highland Lass! 在远远的田野间收割，Reaping and singing by herself; 一边割一边单独歌唱，Stop

22、 here, or gently pass! 请你站住或者俏悄走过！Alone she cuts and binds the grain, 她单独把麦子割了又捆，And sings a melancholy strain; 唱出无限悲凉的歌声，O listen! for the Vale profound 屏息听吧！深广的谷地Is overflowing with the sound. 已被歌声涨满而漫溢！No Nightingale did ever chaunt 还从未有过夜莺百啭，More wele notes to weary bands 唱出过如此迷人的歌，Of travellers

23、 in some shady haunt, 在沙漠中的绿荫间Among Arabian sands: 抚慰过疲惫的旅客；A voice so thrilling neer was heard 还从未有过杜鹃迎春，In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird, 声声啼得如此震动灵魂，Breaking the silence of the seas 在遥远的赫布利底群岛Among the farthest Hebrides. 打破过大海的寂寥。Will no one tell me what she sings- 她唱什么，谁能告诉我？Perhaps the plaint

24、ive numbers flow 忧伤的音符不断流涌，For old, unhappy, far-off things, 是把遥远的不聿诉说？And battles long ago: 是把古代的战争吟咏？Or is it some more humble lay, 也许她的歌比拟卑谦Familiar matter of to-day 只是唱今日平凡的悲欢Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain, 只是唱自然的哀伤苦痛That has been, and may be again 昨天经受过，明天又将重逢？Whateer the theme, the Maiden

25、sang 姑娘唱什么，我猜不着，As if her song could have no ending; 她的歌如流水永无尽头；I saw her singing at her work, 只见她一边唱一边干活，And oer the sickle bending; 弯腰挥镰，操劳不休I listend, motionless and still; 我凝神不动，听她歌唱，And, as I mounted up the hill, 然后，当我登上了山岗，The music in my heart I bore, 尽管歌声早已不能听到，Long after it was heard no mor

26、e. 它却仍在我心头缭绕。1.How does the first stanza emphasize the solitary state of the reaper2.Is it possible to hear the song of the nightingale in the Arabian deserts or the cry of the cuckoo-bird in the Hebrides If not, why did Wordsworth use these parisons答：The girl is pared to nightingales and cuckoo-bir

27、ds in a positive light, as through she is one of them, which shows her natural side, The vale profound Is overflowing with the sound and this also shows that she and nature are sympathetic to catch other.I Wandered Lonely as a CloudI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 我孤独地漫游，像一朵云William WordsworthI wandered

28、 lonely as a cloud 我孤独地漫游，像一朵云That floats on high oer vales and hills, 在山丘和谷地上飘荡，When all at once I saw a crowd, 突然间我看见一群A host, of golden daffodils; 金色的水仙花迎春开放，Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 在树荫下，在湖水边，Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. 迎着微风起舞翩翩。Continuous as the stars that shine 连绵不绝，如繁星灿烂，

29、And twinkle on the milky way, 在银河里闪闪发光，They stretched in never-ending line 它们沿着湖湾的边缘Along the margin of a bay: 延伸成无穷无尽的一行； Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 我一眼看见了一万朵，Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。The waves beside them danced;but they 粼粼波光也在跳着舞，Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

30、水仙的欢欣却胜过水波；A poet could not but be gay, 与这样快活的伴侣为伍，In such a jocund pany: 诗人怎能不满心欢乐！I gazed-and gazed-but little thought 我久久凝望，却想象不到What wealth the show to me had brought: 这奇景赋予我多少财宝，For oft, when on my couch I lie 每当我躺在床上不眠，In vacant or in pensive mood, 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， They flash upon that inward eye

31、它们常在心灵中闪现，Which is the bliss of solitude; 那是孤独之中的福祉；And then my heart with pleasure fills, 于是我的心便涨满幸福，And dances with the daffodils. 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。1.List the images used in the poem to see how they are effectively used to foreshadow the theme of the poem答：2.Wordsworth is a poet of nature. How do you int

32、erpret nature in this poem答：Robinson Crusoe 鲁滨逊漂流记Daniel Defoe1.What kind of character is Robinson Crusoe答：Robinson: hardworking, perseverant, resourceful, e*tremely practical, optimistic, rational, strong-willed, ambitious, adventurous, orderly, cautious, patient, colonial mind, devout, enterprisin

33、g.2.What is the function of first person narration in the novel答：The first person point of view people uses enables the reader to e*perience first-hand changes that take people within Crusoe while he is on the island. The gives validity to every word and quote in the novel because it is actually the

34、 narrators words. Theme: Novels praised the representatives of the emerging bourgeoisie - Robinson of diligence, wisdom, courage, tenacity and tenacity of good moral character. Novel also reflects the emerging bourgeoisie in the period of capitalist primitive accumulation requirements of the freedom

35、 personality, play to individual brilliance, risk taking, and enterprising spirit of the pursuit of wealth.Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen1.What kind of people are Mr.Bennet and Mrs.Bennet答：Mr: Elizabeths ironic and often apathetic father. Unhappily married, he has failed to provide a secure financi

36、al future for his wife and daughters.Mrs: Elizabeths foolish and unrestrained mother who is obsessed with finding husbands for her daughters.故事语言：witty, warm and ironicThe Scarlet Letter 红字Nathaniel Hawthorne1.What does the scarlet letter stand for in the novel答: Predestination, original sin ,total

37、depravity and salvation. And also stands for Hesters lonely life in New England. After she iss released , Hester lives in a cottage near the outskirts of the city.2.What does a wild rose-bush symbolize in the te*t答:It symbol of passion and the wilderness the ability of nature to endure and outlast m

38、ans activity. Hesters inability to control her passion and tame it so that she can assimilate to puritansociety.总结:The three changes in and significant; they show the progressive possession of her sin her lonely life and her ability.Tess of the DUrbervilles 德伯家的苔丝 Thomas Hardy1.Does Angel behave as his name indicates2.Does Angel still love Tess after her confession to himTheme: The tragic fate of Tess and her family was not that of an individual family, but it was symbolic of the disintegration of the English peasantry-a process which had reached