山东大学断层解剖学双语课件12脊柱断层解剖及CT、MRI

1、The sectional anatomy of vertebral column and CTMRIThe medical college of shandong universityBoundaries and divisions Consists of the spinal column and the structures around it.Superiorly: external occipital protuberanceInferiorly: coccyx apexDivided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral re

2、gionsSpineVertebraIntervertebral discnucleus and anulus fibrousAnterior and posterior longitudinal lig.Ligamenta flavaIntervertebral foramina: the radix of spinal nerve , vessels, and fat tissue through itZygapophysial joint Vertebrae椎骨 include 7 cervical vertebra、12 thoracic vertebra、5 lumbar verte

3、bra、1 sacral bone、1 coccyx.vertebral bodypedicle of vertebral archLamina of vertebral archVertebral foramenSpinous processtransverse processsuperior articular process（1）Cervical Vertebra ：transverse foramentransverse foramen: the vertebral artery and vein through itdensAtlas 寰椎Median atlantoaxial jo

4、intAxis 枢椎dental fovea（2）Thoracic Vertebrae 胸椎：Transverse costal foveaSup. Costal foveaInf. Costal foveaTransverse costal fovea（3）Lumbar Vertebrae（4） Sacrum and Coccyx ：coccyxAnterior sacral foramina横线Auricular surfacePos. sacral foraminasacral hiatussacral cornu promontory nucleus pulposusanulus fi

5、brousLiga. flava（三）vertebral canal and its contents1The vertebral canal formed by the 24 vertebral foramina and sacral canal connected togetherAnterior wall: posterior suface of the vertebral bodies,the pos. border of intervertebral disc and the pos. longitudinal lig.Posterior wall: laminae of verte

6、bral arches, ligamenta flavaLateral wall: the pedicles of vertebral arches, intervertebral foramina2spinal cord and its meninges and space dura mater arachnoid mater pia mater epidural space subdural space subarachnoid space: contains the cerebrospinal fluid . The space becomes wider from the lower

7、end of spinal cord to the terminal cistern and contains the cauda equina- Spinal Arachnoid Mater subarachnoid spacespinal pia materdenticulate ligament.ant. and pos. internal vertebral venous plexusIntervertebral discNucleus pulposusAnulus fibrousAnt. Longitudinal lig.Pos. Longitudinal lig. ant. roo

8、t of spinal n.pos. root of spinal n.denticulate lig.Sheath of Spinal n.Spinal ganglion Ligamenta flavaSpinal dura mater Arachnoid mater Spinal pia mater Subdural space Subarachnoid spaceepidural space3. Internal vertebral venous plexus external vertebral venous plexus basivertebral vein椎体静脉 Interver

9、tebral veinIntervertebral discbodyDura sacfatIntervertebralforamenzygapophysialjointTransverse section of cervical vertebral regionThrough atlasmedian atlantoaxial jointThrough 3rd cervical vertebraePedicle of vertebral archInternal jugular ernal carotid a.Vagus n.Spinous processLigamentum nuch

10、aeLigamenta flavaSpinal corddura sacThrough 4th cervical intervertebral discScalenus mediusSupraspinal lig.Through 4th cervical intervertebral foramenZygapophysial jointLigamentum nuchaedura sac5th cervical n.Meningeal branchUncus of vertebral bodySup. Articular processUTAC:unco-transverse-articular

11、-complex: composed by uncus, transverse prosess, and articular prosessThrough median sagittal plane of cervical vertebral regionThrough paramedian sagittal plane of cervical vertebral regionIntervertebral foramina, zygapophysial jointTransverse section of thoracic vertebral regionJoint of costal hea

12、dcostotransverse jointZygapophysial jointTransverse section of lumbar vertebral regionThrough 3rd lumbar vertebraeCauda equinaThrough 5th lumbar vertebraeSuperior articular processAla of iliumLateral recessLumbosacral enlargementConus medullarisCauda equina1.body 2.pos. longitudinal lig. 3.spinal dura sac 4.cauda equina 5. Psoas major 6.internal vertebral venous plexus1.disc 2.pos. longitudinal lig. 3. Lumbar n. 4.zygapophysial joint5.cauda equina 6.spinous process 8. internal vertebral venous plexus1and 3 right and left common iliac v. 2 right common iliac a. 4an