新闻学专业英语考试试卷(大众传播动力学)

1、Chapter 1noiseIn communication, anything that interferes with the delivery of a message.2、gatekeepers Individuals who decide whether a given message will be distributed by a mass medium.3、what are the eight elements in the communication process? At a general level ,communication events involves the

2、following :a source,a process of encoding, a message ,a channel ,a process of decoding,a receiver,the potential for feedback ,the chance of noise.1 The communication process is initiated by the A) message B) receiver C) source D) channel 2 The interpretation of physical message into a form that has

3、eventual meaning for a receiver is called A) coding B) recoding C) decoding D) encoding 3 Receivers can be A) a group B) a single person C) an institution D) all of the above 4 An increase in noise _ message fidelity. b A) increases B) decreases C) does not effect D) expands 5 In machine-assisted in

4、terpersonal communication: A) Source and receiver can be separated by time and space B) Messages can have permanence C) Messages can be amplified or transmitted over large distances D) All of the above 6 Mass communication refers to the process by which a complex organization with the aid of one or

5、more machines produces and transmits public messages that are directed at large, scattered audiences that are aA) heterogeneous B) homogenous C) related D) specific7 Message termination is easiest in A) interpersonal communication B) mass communication C) machine assisted interpersonal communication

6、 D) none of the above 8 Mass communication organizations A) have multiple gatekeepers B) require little money to operate C) exist irregardless of profit D) are non-competitive 9 The following is an example of a media vehicle: A) newspapers and magazines B) radio stations C) TV networks D) all of the

7、 above 10 Disintermediation eliminates the A) source B) middleman C) customer D) seller 11 In a communication setting, encoding may take place only once. A) true B) false 12 Feedback refers to responses of the receiver that shape subsequent messages of the source. A) true B) false 13 Interpersonal c

8、ommunication can occur between two people without being in each others physical presence. A) true B) false14 The receiver in the machine-assisted setting can be a single person only. A) true B) false 15 The term mass media refers to the messages carried to the public by vehicles such as TV, radio an

9、d magazines. A) true B) false Answer CCDBD ABADB BABBBChapter 21 paradigm A model used for analysis.2 dysfunctions Consequences that are undesirable from the point of view of the welfare of society.3 ideology Particular set of beliefs or ideas.4 hegemony Dominance of one entity over another.5 Compar

10、e and contrast the functional approach and the critical /cultural approach .how does each view the audience ?how does each view the media? View the audience:in functional approach ,it thinks that audiences take an active role in their interaction with various media .That is ,the needs of each indivi

11、dual provide motivation that channels that individuals media use.In critical approach ,it thinks the audience ,however ,is not passive .The dominant values may have been encoded in complex and subtle ways ,but viewers can supply their own meanings to the content. View the media:in functional approac

12、h ,the mass media compete with other sources of satisfaction .Relaxtion ,for example ,can also be achieved by taking a nap or having a couple of drinks,and social utility needs can be satisfied by joining a club or playing touch football .In critical approach,the media worked to maintain those domin

13、ant values by presenting versions of reality on TV and films that represented this situation as normal and natural ,as the way things should be.1 An advantage of the functional approach to studying mass communication is that it A) provides a perspective to examine mass communication B) generates con

14、cepts that are helpful in understanding media behavior C) makes us aware of the diversity of gratifications provided by the media D) all of the above 2 Harmful or negative consequences of the functions of mass media are called A) repercussions B) ramifications C) dysfunctions D) displacement 3 Which

15、 of the following is an important factor in determining which news medium people find most believable? A) convenience B) comfort C) credibility D) format 4 The reasoning behind the idea that if the audience believes you really matter, you will be the focus of media attention, and if you are the focu

16、s of media attention, then you really matter is known as A) dysfunction B) status conferral C) surveillance D) all of the above 5 The most popular form of interpretation is probably a(n) A) review B) commercial C) editorial cartoon D) editorial 6 Telephons, E-Bay, and chat rooms are examples of A) d

17、ysfunction B) linkage C) interpretation D) surveillance 7 Comics, puzzles, horoscopes, games, advice, gossip, humor, and general entertainment account for which percentage of newspaper content? A) 6 B) 12 C) 18 D) 24 8 _is a form of diversion. A) Stimulation B) Relaxation C) Emotional release D) All

18、 of the above 9 Developing feelings of kinship with media characters is known as a _relationship. A) social B) parasocial C) cathartic D) all of the above 10 The creation of unstable superior and inferior positions that are continuously being negotiated through interpretations of meaning is known as

19、 A) culture B) ideology C) hegemony D) all of the above 11 The news and information role of the media is known as surveillance. A) true B) false 12 The media sometimes consciously tries to instill values and behavior in the audience through their portrayal of society. A) true B) false 13 At the micr

20、o level, the functional approach is called the cognition model. A) true B) false 14 The critical/cultural studies approach is based on asking people questions, tabulating their results, and enumerating characteristics of media content. A) true B) false 15 The critical/cultural approach is more usefu

21、l than the functional approach in understanding the complicated relationship between mass communication and its audience. A) true B) falseAnswer: DCCBC BBDBC AABBBChapter 31 technological determinism The theory that contends technology drives historical change.2 photojournalismJournalism in which wr

22、itten text is secondary to photographs in news stories.1 The following is an example of an early form of paper: A) clay tablets B) papyrus C) parchment D) all of the above 2 During the feudal period in Europe, bookmaking became centered in A) libraries B) tax offices C) monasteries D) wineries 3 The

23、 moveable metal type printing press was developed by A) Martin Luther B) Samuel Morse C) Mathew Brady D) Johann Gutenberg 4 Most early books were written in A) Latin B) English C) French D) German 5 The invention of the _ led to the development of what we would today call news. A) radio B) televisio

24、n C) printing press D) telegraph 6 Which invention was the first to be called the great annihilator of time and space? A) radio B) telephone C) telegraph D) television 7 The inventor that helped the development of photography was: A) Louis Daguerre B) William Fox Talbot C) George Eastman D) All of t

25、he above 8 The long-range impact of the motion picture lay mainly in the areas of A) news and reporting B) business and law C) entertainment and culture D) all of the above 9 The first mass medium that brought sports, music, talk, and news into the living room was the A) telegraph B) radio C) teleph

26、one D) newspaper 10 The technology behind television received a substantial boost from which wars efforts? A) the Civil War B) WWI C) WWII D) All of the above 11 Digital technology encodes information such as sound, text, data, graphics, and video into a series of on and off pulses that are usually

27、denoted as ones and twos. A) true B) false 12 Paper was developed by the Japanese. A) true B) false 13 Technological determinism is the belief that technology drives historical change. A) true B) false 14 The Civil War was the first American war to be photographed. A) true B) false 15 The Payne Fund

28、 was significant because it was the first time the public decided that a medium was deserving of serious examination. A) true B) falseAnswer:DCDAC CDCBC BBAAAChapter 4Penny press : The mass-appeal press of the early 19th century.Yellow journalism : sensationalized journalism, appearing during the 18

29、90s,noted for its emphasis on sex, murder, popularized medicine, pseudoscience, self-promotion, and human-interest stories.Tabloid : A heavily illustrated publication usually half the size of a normal newspaper page.Question : what are some of the advantages the traditional ink-and-paper newspaper h

30、as over the online version? what are some of the advantages the online version has over the print version?Answer: printed newspaper are limited by the newshole , the amount of news that can be printed in one edition .online papers have no such limitations.Online papers can be updated continuously .O

31、nline papers are interactive .Online papers tend to have small staffs.1 The first American newspaper was A) the Boston News Lette B) Publick Occurrences both Foreign and Domestick C) New England Courant D) Pennsylvania Gazette2 Benjamin Franklin is credited with A) starting the Pennsylvania Gazette

32、B) running the first editorial cartoon C) demonstrating that journalism could be an honorable profession D) all of the above3 The freedom of the press is protected by A) the First Amendment B) the Fifth Amendment C) the original Constitution D) the Declaration of Independence 4 The first penny press

33、 paper, New York Sun, was popular because it contained A) Political debates and an aggressive editorial policy B) A sports page and a financial page C) Local stories of sex, violence, features, and human interest stories D) All of the above5 The Penny Press changed A) the basis of economic support f

34、or newspapers B) the pattern of distribution C) the definition of what constituted news and how it was collected D) all of the above6 The idea of a newspaper chain was pioneered by A) Joseph Pulitzer B) E.W. Scripps C) William Randolph Hearst D) Horace Greeley7 Although the onset of yellow journalis

35、m in the U.S. was not the best moment in American newspaper history, it did help bring aboutA) aggressive reporting and investigative stories B) the use of layout and display devices C) wide exposure form many prominent authors D) all of the above8 Jazz journalism is characterized by which of the fo

36、llowing features A) the use of tabloids B) an abundance of photographs C) both A and B D) none of the above9 According to the text, one result of a credibility scandal in newspapers, such as the Jayson Blair saga was that A) editors refuse to reveal their ethical guidelines to the public B) online n

37、ews reporting becomes more reliable C) newspapers stiffened their requirements for quotes from unnamed sources D) college journalism programs decline to teach ethics to students10 Newspapers are trying to attract more readers by A) using more color B) creating highlighted synopses within long storie

38、s C) printing more lifestyle and fashion features D) all of the above11 In journalism, a newshole is the amount of news that can be printed in one edition. A) true B) false12 An online version of a newspaper is an exact replica of the printed newspaper that can be read on a computer screen. A) true

39、B) false13 In addition to the Internet, newspapers are distributing news via handheld media such as Internet-enabled cell phones and personal digital assistants. A) true B) false14 Gannett is the biggest newspaper group. A) true B) false15 Blogs are private websites maintained only by and for journa

40、lists. A) true B) falseBDACD BDCCD ABAABChapter5Muckcrakers : term coined by Theodore Roosevelt to describe the reform movement undertaken by leading magazines in the 1890s; corrupt practices of business and government were exposed to the general public by crusading members of the press .Paid circul

41、ation : a type of circulation in which the reader must purchase a magazine through a subscription or at a newsstand .Primary audience :that portion of a magazine s total audience made up of subscribers or those who buy it at the newsstand .1 The number of magazines produced increased from 1860-1900

42、because of A) money from investors B) better printing techniques C) Postal Act of 1879 D) all of the above2 A popular magazine that began publishing in the late 1930s and continued to publish until it expired in 1972 was A) Life B) Leslies C) Time D) all of the above3 Between WWI and WWII, the shift

43、 in economic development and change in lifestyles influenced the development of the A) Digest B) News magazine C) Pictorial magazine D) All of the above4 Magazines use their websites for all of the following except A) to provide additional information about stories B) subscriptions C) production D)

44、e-commerce5 According to the text magazines are distinguished from other media in that they A) attract the highest number of consumers B) attract the most specialized audiences C) give the most in depth news coverage D) all of the above 6 The magazine industry is divided by the following function ca

45、tegories except A) production B) distribution C) retail D) advertising 7 Controlled circulation magazines gain most of their revenue from A) subscriptions B) advertising C) e-commerce D) none of the above8 The following division heads report to the circulation director except A) Managing Editor B) S

46、ubscription Manager C) Single-Copy Sales Manager D) Subscription Fulfillment Director 9 In addition to ancillary services such as e-commerce, custom publishing, and database assistance, the following is another basic sources of magazine revenue: A) subscriptions B) single-copy sales C) advertising D

47、) all of the above10 Data on the total audience for magazines gathered by conducting personal interviews with individuals to get an exposure score is provided by A) ABC B) BPA C) MRI D) None of the above.11 Magazine readers are usually loners. A) true B) false12 Benjamin Franklin published the first

48、 American magazine. A) true B) false13 Custom publications are often offered for free at business locations. A) true B) false14 A magazine dummy is the schedule drawn up to ensure that articles get to the printer in time for the forthcoming issue. A) true B) false15 Newsletters are characterized by

49、their general readership, large circulation, and low prices. A) true B) falseDADCB DBADC BBABBChapter 11Hypertext :digital navigational tool that links one electronic document to another .Portal: the first a person sees when opening an Internet browser .Question : what are some of the social implica

50、tions of the Internet ?Answer : relying on the Internet diminishes the importance of the surveillance function of traditional mass media .Lack of gatekeepers Tendency towards overload of triviaNo verification of informationNo censorshipInformation overloadPrivacy concerns Easy to obtain detailed inf

51、ormationTotal Information AwarenessDatabases can be out-of-date and inaccurateIdentity theftEscapism, isolation, addiction 1 The worlds first all-electronic computer was called the A) Arithmatique B) Analytical Engine C) Mark I D) ENIAC 2 A navigational tool that links one electronic document with a

52、nother to create a virtual web of pages is called a A) browser B) protocol C) hypertext D) none of the above 3 The electronic equivalent of junk mail is called A) Spam B) Dummy C) Memo D) Portal 4 The largest online service provider is A) Prodigy B) Microsoft Network (MSN) C) AOL / Time Warner D) Ya

53、hoo 5 Consumers can get broadband access in all the following ways except A) cable modem B) ARPANET C) Satellite D) DSL 6 In addition to books, the following products account for the most e-commerce except A) computer hardware and software B) apparel C) books D) food 7 Media Metrix and Nielsen/Net R

54、atings generate their data using A) a panel of consumers B) noted Internet experts C) conglomerations D) none of the above 8 A benefit of the Evernet might be the ability A) connect assembly lines to cash registers B) have pacemeakers send data directly to doctors C) have your house tell you food ne

55、eds to be ordered D) all of the above 9 The typical user spends about how many hours per week online? A) 5 -10 B) 10 15 C) 15 20 D) Over 20 10 The social implications of the Internet include each of the following except A) lack of gatekeepers B) lack of communication C) information overload D) priva

56、cy concerns11 The beginning of the technology behind the Internet can be traced to the Pentagon. A) true B) false 12 In the year 2000, more than 6 trillion e-mail messages moved through the Internet. A) true B) false 13 About 85% of the pages on the Web are in English, Japanese, French, or German. A

57、) true B) false 14 A main disadvantage of broadband is the wait to download a music file. A) true B) false 15 E-commerce revenues are larger than e-business (B2B). A) true B) falseDCACB DADBB AAABB第12章Prominence: News value that stresses the importance of the person involved in the event.What are th

58、e characteristics that determine newsworthiness?Should others be added to the list？p327The characteristics inclue:1.Timeliness. News is perishable ,and stale news is not interesting. 2.Proximity. It means more than a simple measure of distance.Psychological proximity is also important.3.Prominence.T

59、he more important a person,the more valuable he or she is as a news source.4.Consequence. Events that affect a great many people have built-in news value.5.Human interest.These are stories that arouse some emotion in the audience. In addition to these five traditional elements of news value,economic

60、s plays a large role.It alters news in more subtle ways.1 The bulk of news reporting is made up of A) investigative reports B) soft News C) hard News D) non of the above 2 The two main sources of news are staff reports and A) press releases B) wire services C) beats D) none of the above 3 In broadca