2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit3Lifeinthefuture素材新人教版必修5

1、2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Life in the future素材新人教版必修5话题词汇1.civilizati onn.文明2.milesto nen.里程碑3.disastrousadj .灾难性的4.substitutev.取代5.inno vativeadj .创新的6.adva need scie nee 尖端科学7.tech ni cal inno vati on科技创新8.susta in able developme nt可持续发展9.make progress 取得进步pared with/to 和相比经典语篇请以My Future Plan ”为题

2、，写一篇100词左右的英语短文。我决定大学毕业后当一名中学教师，这是我孩提时代的梦想。.我很喜欢教师这一职业，与中学生在一起可以让自己年轻。.我国师资力量缺乏，需要大批有志青年投身教育事业。佳作欣赏decide to be a middle school teacher after college.There are many reasons that con tribute to this decisi on.Firstly , since I was a little boy, I have been dreaming of being a teacher.And ,like so muc

3、h to be with middle school students , who are full of energy and imagination , and I am sure their passion would pass on to me.The most importantreason is that our country needs pienty of teachers. So far ,teaching is considered a tough and low-ine job in China. However , if we have noteno ugh teach

4、ers , our future will lack excelle nt scie ntists , man agers, bus in essme n , soldiers and even good workers and farmers.How can our country be strong and wealthy ?I wish our country to be a better one. I am ready to be a teacher and hope all thepers ons with lofty ideals may dedicate themselves t

5、o this meanin gful career.思维发散仿照第句完成句子政府决定推迟建新机场的原因就是：该计划遭到当地农民的强烈抵制。The reason why the government decided to put off the plan to build a new airport was that the plan met with fierce opposition from local farmers.用it作形式主语改写第句So far , it is considered that teaching is a tough and low-ine job in Chin

6、a.仿照第句用 wish翻译句子我多么希望我们在考试少的地方学习呀！How I wish we could study where there are fewer exams!自主排查夯实基础知识I .重点单词A.写作单词1 optimistic ( adj.)乐观(主义)的impression ( n.)印象；感想；印记impress ( v.)给留下印象 constant ( adj.)时常发生的；连续不断的constantly (adv.)不断地previous ( adj.)在前的；早先的previously (adv.)先前，以前guide ( n.)指导；向导，导游；(vt .)指

7、引；指导；guidanee ( n.)指导tolerate ( vt.)容忍；忍受tolerance ( n.)容忍；忍受tolerant (adj .)容忍的lack ( vi .& vt.)缺乏；没有；(n.)缺乏；短缺的东西lacking (adj .)没有的；缺乏的desert ( n.)沙漠；荒原deserted ( adj .)无人居住的；被遗弃的 instant (n.)瞬间；片刻；(adj.)立即的；立刻的instantly (adv.)立即10 . settlementn.)定居；解决settle (v.)解决；安定B 阅读单词mask ( n.)面具；面罩；伪装carria

8、ge ( n.)运输工具；四轮马车；客车fasten ( vt.)系牢；扎牢flash ( vt .& vi .)(使)闪光；(使)闪现switch ( n.)开关；转换;(vt.)转换timetable ( n.)时间表；时刻表 motivation (n.)动机swallow ( vt.)吞下；咽下material ( n.)原料；材料recycle ( vt.)回收利用；再利用goods ( n.)货物；商品aspect ( n.)方面；层面 uncertain (adj.) 不确切的；无把握的steward ( n.)乘务员；服务员stewardess ( n.)女乘务员 surrou

9、ndings (n.)周围的事物；环境surrounding ( adj.)周围的surround ( v.)环绕adjustment ( n.)调整；调节adjust ( v.)调整；调节 press ( vi .& vt.)按；压；逼迫;(n.)按；压；印刷；新闻 pressure ( n.)压力mud (n.)泥(浆)muddy ( adj .)泥泞的receiver ( n.)接受者；接收器receive ( v.)接受；接收ecology ( n.)生态；生态学ecologist ( n.)生态学家greedy ( adj.)贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的greed ( n.)贪吃；贪婪；贪

10、心 representative (n.)代表；典型人物；(adj .)典型的；有代表性的represent ( v.)代表n.重点短语take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续2.lose sight of.看不见3.catch sight of.瞥见4.sweep up 打扫；横扫5.speed up 力口速6.slide in to( 快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进7.be back on one s feet恢复；完全复原8.in no time立亥U川.经典句式At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一开始我周围新的环境

11、让人难以忍受。The air seemed thin ， as though its bination of gases had little oxygen left.空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中氧气剩下的很少。Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。However, I lost sight of WangPing when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all direc

12、t ions.然而，当我们到达了一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看 不见王平了。Just at that moment I had a“ time lag ” flashback and saw the area again as it had bee n i n the year AD xx.就在这个时候，我得到一次“时间滞后”的闪回，这样就再次看到了似乎是xx年的那个地方。Exhausted , I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。IV .课文语法填空Li Qiang couldn t be

13、lieve that he had traveled to the year AD 3008 in 1.a timecapsule.Because this was his first trip, he was worried and 3.unsettled(settle) sothat he suffered 4.from “time lag ”. Besides , he was hit by the lack of fresh air.His guide ,WangPing , who was very 5.understanding(understand), gave him some

14、green tabletsand a mask,6.which helped him overe the problems.However, Li Qiang experieneed something new.7.He flew .above the ground in ahovering carriage.8.Arriving(arrive)home, he was shown into a large , brightclean,he fell sound 9.asleep(sleep) inroom with a wall of trees.After eati ng someth i

15、ngthe bed that lO.was produced(produce) from the floor.边讲边练突破核心考点细讲必考词汇1. tolerate vt.容忍；忍受tolerate sb.doi ng.容忍某人做toleranee n.容忍，忍耐力tolerant adj .忍受的，容忍的，宽容的be tolera nt of能忍受的，能容忍的He won t tolerate anyone questioning his deeisions.他不容许别人对他的决定提出质疑。Perhaps you n eed tobe tolera nt ofyour n eighbors.

16、或许你应该对你的邻居更宽容些。多维训练单句语法填空If I were her staff ， I really wouldn t tolerate being scolded(scold) by her every day.Tolerance (tolerate) con sists in respect ing the opinions of others.一句多译我们不能容忍他的错误。We cannot tolerate his mistakes.(tolerate)We cannot be tolera nt of his mistakes.(tolera nt)2 .lack vi .

17、& vt.缺乏；没有 have none or not enough； n.缺乏；短缺的东西多词一义 lack， be lacking in ， be short ofbe lacking in 在方面缺乏，I.二I：W二-.-i： I缺少某物a lack of 缺少for/through lack of 因缺少It lacks the power of the Italian cars.它没有意大利汽车动力强劲。Despite his lack of experienee , he got the job.他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。Ma ny associati ons are

18、break ing upfor lack of money.许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。多维训练用short短语改写)同义句改写The green hand is lacking in practical experience.(用lacking 改写)The gree n hand is short of practical experie nee.He lacks con fide nce.(He is lack ing in con fidenee.Lack of con fide nee makes his father worried.(用 what 弓丨导的主语从句改写 )Wha

19、t makes his father worried is his lack of confidenee.pressn.压，按，挤；记者 journalists ;新闻界newspapers or magazinesv.按，压 push ;催促，敦促press sth.o n sb. 把 想法等 强加于某人press.against 把压/贝占在上un der pressure在压力下put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力She pressed her guests to stay a little Ion ger.她力劝客人们多待一会儿。I don t want to put

20、pressure on you to make a decision, but we haven t muchtime left.我并不想催你做决定，只是我们剩下的时间已经不多了。多维训练单句语法填空With one problem pressing on his_mind, he felt stressed(stress)You n eed to be able to work accurately un der pressure.A hot cloth pressed aga inst your iaw will usually soothe(缓解)a toothache.同义句改写Und

21、er pressure from his parents , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Pressed from his parents , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.instantadj .立即的；立刻的；速食的；n.瞬间；片刻应试指导the instant, instantly的连词用法多词一义 the instant , the moment, the minute , the second , immediate

22、ly , directlyin an in sta nt立刻，马上for an in sta nt片刻，一会儿in sta ntly/the in sta nt就 用作连词，引导时间状语从句In an instantthis crowd had overtaken and surrounded me.一下子，那群人追上了我，把我围了起来。1 recog ni zed her the in sta nt(that) I saw her.我一眼就认出是她。多维训练根据提示语填空He stayed at his friend s for an instant( 一会儿)and left there

23、in an instant(马上) The instant/lnstantly(一 )he got home , he closed the door and waslost in thought.同义句改写Instantly I saw him , I knew he was the man the police were looking for.(用 nosooner.than.改为倒装句 )No sooner had I see n him tha n I knew he was the man the police were look ing for.speed up 加速；加快at

24、high/low/full/top speed以高 / 低 / 全 / 最高速with all speed 尽快地at a speed of 以速度pick up/gather speed力口速slow down 减速We must speed up the pace of our economic reform.我们必须加快经济改革的步伐。Even worse , if there were no change about that , diseases would spread at a very quick speed .更糟的是，如果没有变化，疾病就会快速蔓延。The train be

25、ga n to pick up speed .火车开始加速。多维训练根据提示语填空Yesterday Tomwas driving home (1)at a speed of( 以速度)150kph when he was stoppedby a policeman.He was fined because of (2)speeding( 超速).Therefore , on the rest way, he had to slow down(减速).精练常考词汇guide n.指南； 指导；导游；向导 a person who shows the way ; vt.给某人领路show the

26、 way ;指弓丨，指导 direct ;影响in flue nee;解释，阐明expla in多维训练单句语法填空It was she that guided the bli nd man to the street.Activities all take place under the guidanee of an experieneed tutor.同义句改写We were guided by a local guide and visited the famous church.Guided by a local guide，we visited the famous church.(

27、 用过去分词短语作状语改写)With a local guide guiding us，we visited the famous church.( 用 with 复合结构改写)A local guide guiding us， we visited the famous church.(用独立主格结构改写 )Under the guidanee of a local guide， we visited the famous church.(用介词短语改写)switch v .转变；改变；替换；n.开关；转换多维训练短语填空switch to ， switch on ，switch off ，

28、 switch overAccordingto the air traffic rules ， you should switch off your mobile phone beforeboard ing.You drive first and then we ll switch over.At first，the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the countrybut halfway in his speech ， he suddenly switched to another subject.When a t

29、ape is put in the VCR ， it switches on automatically.optimistic adj .乐观的；乐观主义的多维训练(1)单句语法填空My good performa nee in the job in terview left meoptimistic about my future and aboutwhat I can do here.(2)同义句改写The experts are optimistic about our success.(改为复合句 )The experts are optimistic that we will suc

30、ceed.take up 拿起 pick up , lift ;接受 accept ;开始从事；继续 continue ;占 用 fill or use space or time多维训练写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思He did not particularly want to take up a petitive sport.开始从事This chapter takes up where the last one left off.继续This table takes up too much room.占据The carpets had to be take n up whe n

31、the house was rewired.拿起； 掀起She took up his offer of a drink.接受突破经典句型Hit by a lack of fresh air， my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。句型公式：过去分词短语作状语过去分词短语 在句中作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等情况，表示被动与完成。使用时应注意两点：一是过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一 致；二是过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语为被动或完成关系。Built of steel ， this machine has a greater strength

32、.由于这台机器是用钢造的，它具有更大的强度。Stopped by the guard ， he produced his identity card.当被卫兵拦住后，他出示了自己的身份证。多维训练将下列句子改为简单句(Because his bus in ess was well man aged， it soon took off.Well man aged ， his bus in ess soon took off.The woman scientist entered the room， who was followed by her assistants.The woman scie

33、ntist entered the room ，followed by her assistants.He was caught in a heavy rain， so he was late for work again.Caught in a heavy rain ， he was late for work again.The book was clearly and thoughtfully written stude nts who wish to seek their own an swers.,and it in spires con fide nee inClearly and

34、 thoughtfullywritte n , the book in spirescon fide nee in stude nts who wishto seek their own answers.Well , now there s a system where the waste is disposed of using the principlesof ecology.哦，现在有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。句型公式：where引导定语从句这是一个主从复合句。 where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a system 。where还可以引 导定语从句修饰扌由象地点名词

35、，女口： point ，stage，case，situation , condition , position ，environment , activity , race , job , scene 等。He got into a situationwhere it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。The H10N8 virus has previously been detected in animals for many years , but this is the first case where it

36、 was tran smitted to a huma n being.H10N8病毒先前已被检测出在动物身上存在多年，但这是第一例人感染该病毒的病例。(xx 湖北襄阳调研)多维训练单句语法填空The book has helped me greatly in my daily munication, especially at work where agood impressi on is a must.同义句改写In countries where many different Ianguages are spoken, English is often used asan officia

37、l Ian guage to help people muni cate.(用 介词 + 关系代词”改写)In countriesin which many differentIanguages are spoken , English is often used asan official Ian guage to help people muni cate.He no Ion ger bel ongs to where he lives.(改为 where 引导的定语从句 )He no Ion ger bel ongs to the place where he lives.在高考语境中提

38、升解题技能.语境填词 Wherever human light spills into the naturalworld , some aspect( 方面)of life is affected.(xx 浙江)The desig ns are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges andthe n fasten ed（系牢）directly onto the kite.（xxMygood performa nee in the job in terview left meoptimistic（ 乐观的）about

39、 myfutureand about what I can do here.（xx 安徽） From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant（ 经常的）source of possible failure and public humiliati on .（xx浙江 ） Dr.Do minoni ,who is putt ing cameras in side n est ing boxes to track sleep ing patter ns , said lack（ 缺乏）of sleep co

40、uld put the birds health at risk.（xx 四川 ）Modern cars and boats mean that people can fish in remote areas of the world,so no place is safe from greedy（ 贪婪的）fishermen who take both males and females,leavi ng few fish to produce youn g.（xx江西 ）n.单句语法填空valuable to first find out theIn the context（ 背景）of

41、this discussion, it seemscause of change inthe case of parentsinvolvement with their grown children.（xx北Dad pulled out a pressure（press） cooker and filled it up with cabbages , eggplants , potatoes , corns , onionsand carrots.（xx 四川 ） They built themselves large villas（另U墅）in the wooded surroundings

42、（surround）ofthe town.（xx 湖北）The book caught the author s eye because it reminded him of his own dog.（xx 天 津）5 . Havi ng worked（work） for two days , Steve man aged to fin ishhis report onschedule.（xx 天津）un pleasa ntn essor6 . It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate（tolerate）annoyance.（xx 江苏）7 .

43、Only aftertalkingto two students did I discoverthathavi ngstrongmotivation（motivate） is one of the biggest factors in reach ing goals.（xx 湖南 ）Proper small talk can make that first impression （impress） get you the job.（xx 安 徽） For some reason , when certain shows switched into a mercial, a loud noise

44、 wouldsound for a few sec on ds.（xx全国n ）To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment , more governments,this is not eno ugh toare requiri ng people to recycle（recycle） materials.However solve（解决）our problem.（xx 安徽 ）川.短语填空take up , lose sight of , speed up , be optimistic about ,

45、be similar toA German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their futureactually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 yearsthan thosepessimists who expected their future to be worse.（xx湖北 ）Whenyou want to get somewhere as fast as possible , they will speed up of the

46、mselvesand you will have a sense of flyin g.（xx湖南 ）In a very real sense , light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true placein the universe.（xx 浙江 ）Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of nextmonth.（xx 陕西） In addition, the climate here is very similar to tha

47、t in the USA, so there is non eed for you to worry about it.（xx天津 ）IV .完成句子.小汤姆坐在那儿看着小猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃惊。Little Tom sat watch ing the mon key dancing in front of him， amazed.（xx 四川 ）.这台机器很容易操作，任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用它。This machine is very easy to operate.Anybodycan learnto use it in a fewminutes.（xx 山东） 它确实是一个令人感

48、到快乐的地方，它看起来一定跟100年前一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和美 丽的村舍。It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 100 yearsago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.（xx湖南 ） 这所学校创建于 20世纪初期，一直激励孩子们热爱艺术。Founded in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children s loveof art.（xx 安徽）5

49、.晚餐时间看起来是分享我们学到的东西的好时候。Dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned.（xx 福建）微写作 写作素材（关于工作）1.前几年我从事了不同的工作。.为了做好工作，我要不断地作出调整。.我努力给大家留下好印象。.可是我发现难以忍受那些环境，然后就没有动力干下去了。从现在起，我将调整心态然后乐观地工作和生活。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用“find +宾语+宾补”等结构。连句成篇（将以上句子连成一篇 50词左右的英语短文）I took up differe nt jobs in the previ

50、ous years .In order to do my work well , I hadto constantly make adjustmentstried to leave goodimpressi onsbut ofte n 1 foundthe surro undings hard to tolerate and the n 1 lacked motivati onfor them.From nowon, I will adjust my attitude of mi nd and beoptimistic about work and life.练岀高分I 阅读理解Your gl

51、asses may someday replaceyour smartphone ,and some NewYorkers are ready forthe switch.Some in the citycant wait to try themon and use the maps and GPS thatthe futuristic eyewear is likely to in clude.I d use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a m.a nd going to the bar andwan ted to see what

52、was ope n，” said Walter Choo,40,of Fort Greene.The smartphone-likeglasses will likely e out thisyear andcost between 250 and 600,增强的）reality , a平板电脑）that overlaysfor example , if you werethe Times said , possibly including a variation of augmented（ tech no logy already available on smartph ones and

53、tablets（ information onto the screen about one s surroundings.So ,walking down a street , indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and e into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.“ As far as a main stream con sumer product , this just isn t

54、 someth ing an ybody n eeds,” said Sam Biddle , who writes for Gizmodo “we re accustomed to having one thi ng in our pocket to do all these things，” he added, “ and the average consumer isn t gonna be able to afford another device（装置）that s hundreds and hundreds of dollars. ”9to5Google publisher Set

55、h Weintraub , who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year , said he is con fide nt that this type of wearable device will even tually be as mon as smartpho nes.“It s just like smartphones 10 years ago,” Weintraub said. “A few people started gett ing emails on their pho

56、nes, and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of th in g.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones, and it s unnatural , ”he said.“There s gonna be improvements to that , and this a step there. ”1. One of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses is gram the

57、 opening hours of a barsupply you with a picture of the futureprovide information about your surroundingsupdate the maps and GPS in your smartphones答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“ .possibly including a variation of augme nted（增 强 的）reality ， a tech no logy already available on smartph ones and tablets（ 平板电脑

58、）that overlays information onto the screen about one s surrou ndin gs. ” 可知，C 项正确。2. The underlinedphrase“ pop up” in the third paragraph probably means “”A. develop rapidlyB. get round quicklyC. appear immediately答案 CD. go over automatically解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段可知，这种类似于智能手机的眼镜能为使用者提供周围 环境的信息，例如：如果你走在大街上

59、，指示器就会立即告诉你最近的咖啡店或其他一些信 息。由划线词后面的showing you the nearest coffee shop ”可知pop up为立即出现” 的意思。故选C项。3. Wecan learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone-likeglasses _may have a potential marketare as mon as smartphonesare popular among young adultswill be improved by a new tech no logy答案 A解析 推理

60、判断题。由第五段中的.he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as mon as smartphones.”和第六段最后一句There s gonna beimprovements to that , and this a step there. ”可知，这种眼镜有潜在的市场。只有 A项符合语境。BStrange Baby-Nam ing LawsGerma nyParents are banned by law from using last names and the names of obj