大学学位英语考试题库1

1、PAGE 10/10PAGE 10大学学位英语考试题库1Part IWriting Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Driving Restrictions in Big Cities。 You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。 Write your essay following the outline given below。大城市的交通拥挤问题

2、越来越凸显有人提出通过车辆限行缓解交通压力，原因是我的看法My View on Driving Restrictions in Big CitiesPart II Matching Directions：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it。 Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs。 Identify the paragraph from which the informa

3、tion is derived。 You may choose a paragraph more than once。 Each paragraph is marked with a letter。 Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet。How Your Language Affects Your Wealth and HealthDoes the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be？ New HYPER

4、LINK http：/P/cd/d18a/d1820.pdf” t _blank” research by Keith Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The structure of languages affects our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have dramatic long-term consequences.B） There has been a lot of research into how we deal with the futu

5、re. For example, the famous marshmallow （棉花糖) studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist temptation is predictive of future success。 Fouryear-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that if they do not eat that marshmallow and wait for the experimenter to come

6、back, they will get two marshmallows instead of one. Followup studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future reward became more successful young adults。C) Resisting our impulses for immediate pleasure is often the only way to attain the outcomes that are important to us。 We

7、 want to keep a slim figure but we also want that last slice of pizza。 We want a comfortable retirement, but we also want to drive that dazzling car， go on that dream vacation， or get those gorgeous shoes。 Some people are better at delaying gratification（满足）than others。 Those people have a better ch

8、ance of accumulating wealth and keeping a healthy life style。 They are less likely to be impulse buyers or smokers, or to engage in unsafe sex。D) Chens recent findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects our futureoriented behavior。 Some languages strongly distinguish the pre

9、sent and the future。 Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and the future。 Chens recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maint

10、ain their health. The way these people conceptualize the future is similar to the way they conceptualize the present。 As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interests.E) Different languages have different ways of talking ab

11、out the future. Some languages, such as English, Korean， and Russian, require their speakers to refer to the future explicitly（明确地）. Every time Englishspeakers talk about the future, they have to use future markers such as “will or “going to。 In other languages， such as Mandarin, Japanese， and Germa

12、n, future markers are not obligatory（强制性的）. The future is often talked about similar to the way present is talked about and the meaning is understood from the context. A Mandarin speaker who is going to go to a seminar might say “Wo qu ting jiangzuo,” which translates to “I go listen seminar。” Langu

13、ages such as English constantly remind their speakers that future events are distant。 For speakers of languages such as Mandarin future feels closer。 As a consequence， resisting immediate impulses and investing for the future is easier for Mandarin speakers。F) Chen analyzed individual-level data fro

14、m 76 developed and developing countries。 This data includes peoples economic decisions， such as whether they saved any money last year， the languages they speak at home, demographics（人口统计资料）, and cultural factors such as “saving is an important cultural value for me. He also analyzed individual-leve

15、l data on peoples retirement assets, smoking and exercising habits, and general health in older age. Lastly， he analyzed nationallevel data that includes national savings rates, country GDP and GDP growth rates, country demographics， and proportions of people speaking different languages。G） Peoples

16、savings rates are affected by various factors such as their income， education level， age， religious affiliation, their countries legal systems, and their cultural values。 After those factors were accounted for, the effect of language on peoples savings rates turned out to be big. Speaking a language

17、 that has obligatory future markers, such as English, makes people 30 percent less likely to save money for the future. This effect is as large as the effect of unemployment。 Being unemployed decreases the likelihood of saving by about 30 percent as well。H） Similar analyses showed that speaking a la

18、nguage that does not have obligatory future markers, such as Mandarin， makes people accumulate more retirement assets， smoke less, exercise more, and generally be healthier in older age. Countries national savings rates are also affected by language. Having a larger proportion of people speaking lan

19、guages that does not have obligatory future markers makes national savings rates higher。I) At a more practical level, researchers have been looking for ways to help people act in accordance with their longterm interests. Recent findings suggest that making the future feel closer to the present might

20、 improve futureoriented behavior。 For instance, researchers recently presented people with renderings of their future selves made using ageprogression HYPERLINK ”/aboutama/documents/jmr_forthcoming/increasing_saving_behavior.pdf t ”_blank algorithms（算法）that forecast how physical appearances would ch

21、ange over time。 One group of participants saw a digital representation of their current selves in a virtual mirror， and the other group saw an agemorphed version of their future selves。 Those participants who saw the age-morphed version of their future selves allocated more money toward a hypothetic

22、al savings account. The intervention brought peoples future to the present and as a result they saved more for the future。J） Chens research shows that language structures our futurerelated thoughts。 Language has been used before to alter time perception with surprising effects。 Ellen Langer and coll

23、eagues HYPERLINK ”http:/g/images/G/01/randoEMS/COUNTERCLOCKWISE.pdf” t _blank famouslyimproved older peoples physical health by simple interventions including asking them to talk about the events of twenty years ago as if they were happening now. Talking about the past as if it were the present chan

24、ged peoples mindsets and their mindsets affected their physical states. Chens research points at the possibility that the way we talk about the future can shape our mindsets. Language can move the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have dramatic influences on our judgments and

25、decisions.E 1。 Usually， preventing ourselves from enjoying immediate pleasure impulsively is the only way to achieve the outcomes that are important to us.J 2. The structure of language influences us when we are making a judgment or decision about the future。D 3. Speaking a language that has obligat

26、ory future markers and being unemployed nearly share the same percentage of decreasing the likelihood of saving。B 4。 According to the wellknown marshmallow studies， people who can resist temptation tend to be successful in the future。E 5. People who speak languages like English are more likely to fe

27、el that the future events are distant。H 6. National savings rates of countries are influenced by language as well。D 7。 In Chens recent research， people who speak languages in which the present and the future are weakly distinguished are more prepared for the future.I 8. Recent findings show that it

28、is possible to improve future-oriented behavior through making the future feel closer to the present.J 9. Through simple interventions， Ellen Langer and colleagues made the physical health of the older people changefor the better。F 10。 Chen made an analysis of individual-level statistics from 76 dev

29、eloped and developing nations.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A Directions:In this section， you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations。 At the end of each conversation， one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be

30、spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause， you must read the four choices marked A， B, C and D， and decide which is the best answer。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.D 11. A。 Replace the cupboard with a new o

31、ne.B。 Place the tea on a lower shelf next time。C. See a doctor about her strained shoulder。D. Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.B 12。A。 At Mary Johnsons。 B。 In an exhibition hall。 C. Outside an art gallery。D. At a painters studio. A 13。 A. She does not quite agree with what the man said。B。 The

32、teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.C。 The man had better talk with the students himself.D。 New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.C 14.A。 He helped Doris build up the furniture。B. Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves。C. Doris helped him arrange the furniture。D. He was good at

33、 assembling bookshelves.B 15.A. He doesnt get on with the others.B. He has found a better position.C。 He has been taken for a fool。D. He doesnt feel at ease in the firm. A 16. A. He will continue to work in the garden himself。B. They should finish the work as soon as possible. C. He is tired of doin

34、g gardening on weekends.D。 They can hire a gardener to do the work.A 17。 A. The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B. The mans apartment is ready for rent。C. The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.D。 The furniture is covered with lots of dust.B 18. A。 The woman is waiting for a call。B. Th

35、e man will give the mechanic a call. C. The woman is doing some repairs.D。 The man knows the mechanic very well。Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.B 19。 A。 She was busy finishing her project。B. She had a job interview to attend。C. She had to attend an important meet

36、ing。D. She was in the middle of writing an essay.D 20。 A。 Accompany her roommate to the classroom.B. Hand in her roommates application form.C. Help her roommate with her report。 D. Submit her roommates assignment.C 21. A. Directions to the classroom building. B。 When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. C.

37、Where Dr. Elliss office is located. D. Dr。 Elliss schedule for the afternoon。Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard。D22. A. He finds it rather stressful. B. He is thinking of quitting it。C. He has to work extra hours。D. He can handle it quite well.A 23。 A. The 6:30 one。

38、 B。 The 6：00 one. C。 The 7:00 one。D。 The 7:30 one。D 24。 A. It is an awful waste of time.B. The time on the train is enjoyable.C. He finds it rather unbearable.D。 It is something difficult to get used to。C 25.A. Listening to the daily news。B. Chatting with friends.C。 Reading newspaper。 D。 Planning th

39、e days work。Section B Directions: In this section， you will hear 4 short passages。 At the end of each passage， you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A， B， C an

40、d D。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard。A26。 A。 Get key information by reading just once or twice.B. Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C。 Develop a habit of r

41、eading critically.D. Ignore small details while reading。D27. A。 Underline the key words and phrases。 B. Choose ones own system of marking.C。 Make as few marks as possible.D. Highlight details in a red color。C28。 A. By reading the textbooks carefully again.B. By comparing notes with their classmates.

42、C. By focusing on the notes in the margins.D。 By reviewing only the marked parts.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard。C29。 A。 The sleep a person needs varies from day to day。B. The amount of sleep for each person is similar。C。 Everybody needs some sleep for surv

43、ival。D。 One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep. A30。 A. It is a rare exception.B。 It is beyond cure。C. It is a madeup story。D. It is due to an accident.C 31.A. His extraordinary physical condition.B。 The unique surroundings of his living place。 C。 His mothers injury just before his birth。D.

44、The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair。Passage ThreeListen to the report and choose the best answers to the following questions。A32. What kind of clothing is commonly banned by American schools？ A。 All clothing except for uniforms。 B. Fleshcolored clothing。 C. Clothing that shows offensive

45、images.D。 Dirty clothing.C33. Which of the following statements is true？A。 All American public schools require uniforms.B. Some people hold that uniforms violate civil rights.C。 Parents support the idea of uniforms unconditionally。D. Parents argue that uniforms cost too much。Passage FourListen to th

46、e report and choose the best answers to the following questions.D34。 Which of the following statements about the song is NOT mentioned in the report？A。 The songs name is When You Wish Upon a Star。 B. The song is from a Walt Disney animated movie。 C. People always link this song with Walt Disney and

47、his work. D。 This song was written by Walt Disney early in his life。A35。 According to the speaker, Walt Disney Company is a company which _。A。 produces films to make dreams come trueB. produces movies that attract only childrenC. produces films with beautiful songsD. produces films about dreamsSecti

48、on C Directions:In this section， you will hear a passage three times。 When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea。 When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，

49、 when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written。Among the kinds of social gestures most （36) _significant_for secondlanguage teachers are those which are identical in form but different in meaning in the two cultures。 For example， a Colombian who wants someone to

50、 approach him often (37） _signals_ with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand， cupped, point downward as they move （38） _rapidly_back and forth。 Speakers or English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more (39） _listening_, but for them

51、 the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the opposite of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombia, a speaker of English would have to know that when he indicates height he must choose between different gestures (40） _depending_on whether he is referring to a human being or an animal. If he keep

52、s the palm of the hand parallel to the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the (41） _height_of a child， for example, he will very likely be （42)_greeted_by laughter， in Colombia this gesture is reserved for the (43） _desricition_ of animals。 In order to describe human beings he s

53、hould keep the palm of his hand at a right angle to the floor。 (44)_Subsitution_ for the other often create (45) _not only_ but also embarrassing moments. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture， physically， but its meaning （46) _sharp_.Part IV Readi

54、ng Comprehension （Reading in Depth） Section A Directions： In this section， there are ten sentences with ten blanks. You are required to select one word or phrase for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the sentences。 Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter。 Mar

55、k the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center。You may not use any of the words or phrases in the bank more than once.A. compensationB。 protocol C。 moderateD。 urge E. conservativeF. freezeG。 surroundedH. instinctI。 collapsed J. embracedK. endure L. qua

56、lificationM. impose N. bid O. desperation47。 His first _B_ was to call 911 when he realized there was a burglar in his house。 48. He lost all his wealth in the economic crisis; he killed himself in _O_。49. Everyone should be equal in this world and we shall never _D_ our opinions on others。 50。 Peop

57、le tend to be more aggressive when theyre young and more _E_ as they get older. 51。 The building _I_ during the earthquake。 It went all to pieces。 52。 She _J_ his offer to help her with her English. 53。 The little boy had broken the neighbors window but his parents refused to make any _A_ for that。

58、54. While a _C_ amount of stress can be beneficial， too much stress can exhaust you. 55. Since the painkilling drugs are not available at the moment, my mother has to _K_ her fierce toothache. 56。 His _L_to take over the company failed。 Section B (20 points, 2 points for each）Directions: There are 2

59、 passages in this section。 Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements。 For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center。Passage OneQuesti

60、ons 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.President Coolidges statement， “The business of America is business，” still points to an important truth todaythat business institutions have more prestige (威望） in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government。 Why do b