四级25套真题真题套第一套

1、2013 年 12 月大四级(第 1 套)Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on thcturebelow You should start your essay wibrief account of the impact of theernet on learningand then explain why education doesnt simply mean learning to obtain informa

2、tion. You shouldwriteeast l20 words but n0moren l80 wordsPart IISection ADirections:Listening Comprehen(30 minutes)his section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation

3、and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choimarked A), B), C) and D), and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I withrough the centre.1. A) The woman is now working in

4、 a kindergarten.The man will soon start a business of his own.The man would like to be a high school teacher.The woman is going to major in child education.2. A) The furniture has to be rearranged.single lineB) The sound equipmens to be set up.C) The conference room has to be cleaned.D) Themachine h

5、as to be checked.3. A) She is exhausted.She is near-sighted.She cannot finish workime.D) She cannot go straight home.4. A) The woman is too particular about food.He would rather have a meal an hour later.The woman should order her food quickly.He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches.5. A) He is n

6、ot a good mechanic.B) He doesnt keep his promises.C) He spends his spare timeng repairs.D) He is always ready to offer help to others.6. A) Sam has a big family to support.B) Sam is noterestedraveling.The pay offer by the travel agency is too low.The work hourshe travel agency are too long.7. A)erna

7、tional trade.Product development.Finanl consulting.Domestic retailing.8. A) Go on a business trip.B) Look for a jobiami.Make a ticket reservation.Take a vacation.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) It is located on Route 18.B) Is aneresting museum.C) It is a bea

8、utiful little town,D). Its seveneast of Newton.ite directions. apart.10. A) They are in opB) They are fifty-fiveThey are quite close to each other.They are a long drive from Norwalk.11. A) They are connected by Route 7.They are crowded with tourists.They have lots of old houses.They have many rarr p

9、lants.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Bring him up to date on the current situationB) Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.ilan.C) Fetch theD)s signed by Mr Gartner,pany Mr Gartner to the Linate airport.13. A) About 8:30.About 6:30.About 5:

10、30.About 4:15.14. A) Mr Gartner from Milan.Gianni Riva at Megastar.The companys sales represenive.Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce,15. A) Travel agent.Business manager.Secretary.Saleswoman,Section BDirections:his section, you will hear 3 short passages. Atof each passage, you willhear some questio

11、ns. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once, After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choimarked A), B), C) and D ).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I wiPassage Onesingle line through the centre.Questions 16 to 19 are based on the

12、passage you have just heard.16. A) She had a desire to help others.She wanted to find out more about it.She needed some overseas experience.D) She waserested in farming.17. A) Carry out a cultural exchange program.Work on an agricultural project.Learn Portuguese.Teach English.18. A) She found it dif

13、ficult to secure a job in her own country.She wanted to renew her contact with the Peace Corps.She was invited to work as an English teacher.She could not get the country out of her mind.19. A) By teaching additional English classes.B) By writing stories for American newsprs.C) By working part time

14、for the Peace Corps.D) Byng odd jobs for local institutions.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) Time spent exercising.Time spent working.Time spent on leisure activities.Time spent with friends and family.21. A) Reading.Surfing the Web.Eating out.Watchin

15、22. A) Driving.Gardening.Going to the pub.Visiting friends. Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) The car driver was trying to avoid hitting a rabbit.The car driver was partly responsible for the accident,McLaughlin was talking to his manager while drivi

16、ng.D) McLaughlins careleess resultedhe colli.24. A) He crashedo a car parked there.B) He knocked down severalboxes.He tore down the companys main gate.He did serious damage to a loaded truck.25. A) He will lose his job.He will have to pay damages.He will be fined heavily.He will receive retraining.S

17、ection CDirections:his section, you will hearsage three times. When the passage is read for thetime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read.for the secondtime, you are required to fillhe bls with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, whenthe passage is rea

18、d for the third time, you should check what you have written.When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always are26, they repd,Because it is right. If we aswear pants27ericans why they eat witives and forks, or why their menskirts, or why they may be married to only oneaime, we are likel

19、y to get28andvery uninformative answers: Because its right. Becausets the way its done. Becauseits the29 Or even ,I dont know. The reason for these and countless othatterns ofthey are 30by sol norms-shared rules or guidelines whichsol behavior isprescribe the behavior ought to behave undtt is approp

20、riate in a given situation.Norms31how people articular circumstanin a particular society. We conform ( 遵守) tonorms so readily33from normst we are hardly aware they32. In fact, we are muore likely to noticen conformity to them. You would not be surprised if a stranger tried to shakehands when you wer

21、eroduced, but you might be a little34 if they bowed, started to strokeyou or kissed you on both35 . Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in otherparts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quicklyeawaret things we do this way, they dot way.Part

22、 Section A Directions:for each blReading Comprehen(40 minutes)his section, there isfrom a list of choisage with ten bls. You are required to selectordgiven in a word bfollowing the passage: Read thepassage through carefully before making your choi. Each choicehe bis identified by aletter. Please mar

23、k the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 wisingle linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the wordshe bQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.moren once.What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year assotesor four-year bachelors

24、degree programs. But as the nursing shortage36, a growing numberof schools and hospitals are establishing fast-track programst enable college graduates withno nursing37toe registered nurses with only a year or so of38training.In 1991, there were only 40 fast-track curricula; now there are moren 200.

25、 Typical isColumbia Universitys Entry to Practice program. Students earn their bachelor of science innursing in a year. Those who stay on for an39two years can earn a masters degreethem as nurse practitioners (执业护士) or clinical nurse spelists.t40Many students are recent41; others are career switcher

26、s. Rudy Guardron, 32, a 2004graduate of Columbias program, was a premedical student in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical (药物的) research company. At Columbia, he was 42as a nurse practitioner.I sawt nurses were in high43and it looked like a really good opportunity, he says.Also, I didnt wa

27、nt to be in school fort long. The fast-track trend fills a need, but its also creating some44betnersand veterans. Nursest are still at the bedside45these kids with suspicion, says LindaPellico, who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years. They wonder, how can theyquicker? The answer is th

28、ey dont.additionalappddemandtD) exsiveexperienceexporesgraduatesoperationspromotequalifiesspelizedtentrainedviewworsens Section B Directions:his section, you are going to readsage with ten sements attached to it.Each sement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph

29、fromwhich the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph moren once.Eachparagraph is marked wiAnswer Sheet 2.ltter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onThe rise of the sharing economyA) Last night 40,000 people rentedmodation from a servicet offers 250,000 rooms in30,00

30、0 cities in 192 countries. They chose their rooms and paid for everything online. But theirbeds wereprovided by private individuals, rathern a hochain. Hosts and guests werematched up by Airbnb, a firm based in San Francisco. Since its launch in 2008 morepeople have usedit2.5 million of them in 2012

31、 alone. It is the most prominent exn 4 millionle of ahuge new sharingeconomy, in which people rent beds, cars, boats and other assetsdirectly from each other, co-ordinated via theernet.B) You might think this is no different from running a bed-and-breakfast (家庭旅店). owning atimeshare(分时度假房) or partic

32、ipating in a car pool. But technology has reduced tranionr and easiern everand thereforecosts, making sharing assets chesible on a muchlarger scale. The big change is the availability of more data about people and things, which allowsphysical assets to be divided and consumed as servi. Before theern

33、et, renting a surfboard,aer tool or a parkingspace from someone else was feasible, but was usually more troublen it was worth. Now websitech as Airbnb. RelayRides and SnapGoods match unersand renters; smartphones with GPS letpeople see where the nearest rentable car is parked;sol networks provide a

34、way to check up onpeople and build trust; and online payment systems handle the billing.Whats mine is yours, for a feeC) Just as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone toe a retailer, sharing sites letas an ad hoc ( 临时的) taxi service, car-hire firm or boutique ho(精品酒店) asindividualandwhen it

35、 suits them. Just go online or download an app. The mworks for itemstare expensiveto buy and are widely owned by people who do not make full use of them.Bedrooms and cars are themost obvious exles, but you cso rent cing spainSweden, fields in Australia andwashing machines in France. As advocates of

36、the sharings trumps ( 胜过) ownership.economy like to put it, acD) Rachel Botsman, the author of a book on the subject, says the consumeer-to-peer rentalmarket alone is worth $ 26 billion. Broader definitions of the sharing economy includepeer-to-peer lending orputting a solar panel on your roof and s

37、ellinger back to the gr/d( 电网). And it is not justindividuals: the web makes it easier for companies to rent outspare offiand idle machines, too. But the core of the sharing economy is people renting thingsfrom each other.E) Such collaborative (合作的) consumption is a good thing for several reasons. O

38、wners make money from underused assets. Airbnb says hosts in San Francisco who rent out their homes do sofor aage of 58 nights a year, making $ 9,300. Car owners who rent their vehicles to othersusingRelayRides make aage of $250 a month; some make moren $1,000. Renters,meanwhile, pay lessn they woul

39、d if they bought the item themselves, or turned to atraditional provider such as a hoor car-hire firm. And there are environmental benefits, too:renting a car when you need it, rathern owning one, means fewer cars are required and fewerresourmust be devoted to making them.F) For soble souls, meeting

40、 new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm.Curmudgeons (倔脾气的人) who imaginet every renter is a murderer can still stay atconventional hos. Forothers, the web fosters trust. As well as the background checks carriedout by platform owners, onlinereviews and ratings are usuallyted by both

41、 parties to eachtranion, which makes iteasy to spotbad drivers, bathrobe-thieves andsurfboard-wreckers. By usingand other sol networks, participants can check eachother out and identify friends ( or friends of friends) in common. AnAirbnb user had herapartment trashed in 2011. But the remarkable thi

42、ng is how well the systemusually works.Peeringo the futureG) The sharing economy is a little like online shop, which started in America 15 years ago. At, people were worried about security. But having made a sucsfal purchase from, say,Amazon, they felt safe buying elsewhere. Similarly, using Airbnb

43、or a car-hire service for thetime encouragespeople to try other offerings. Next, consider eBay, Having started out as apeer-to-peer marketplace,it is now dominated by profesal er sellers ( many of whomstarted out as ordinary eBay users). The same may happen with the sharing economy, which alsoprovid

44、es new opportunities forentrise, Some people have bought cars solely to rent themout, for exle.H) Existing rental businesses are getting involved too. Avis, a car-hire fnm, has a share in asharing rival. So do GM and Dalmler, two carmakers. In future, companies may develop hybrid (混合的) ms, listing e

45、xs capacity (whether vehicles, equipment or offipace) onpeer-to-peer rental sites.he past, new ways ofng things online have not displaced the oldways entirely. But they haveoften changed them. Just asernet shopforced Wal-martand Tesco to adapt, so online sharingwill shake up transport, tourism, equi

46、pment-hire andmore.i) The main worry is regulatory uncertay. Will room-rent rs be subject to hotax s, forexle? InAmsterdam offils are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hos. Insome American cities, peer-to-peer taxi servihave been banned after lobbying by traditionaltaxi firms. The dange

47、r isharm, existing rentalt although some rules need to be updated to protect consumers frombusinesses will try to destroy competition. People who rent out roomsshould pay tax, of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton ho. The lighterrulest typicallyern bed-and-breakfasts are mo

48、ren adequate.ernets value to consumers. ThisJ) The sharing economy is the latest exle of the性的) enough for regulators and companies toemerging misnow big and disruptive (have woken up to it.sharing.tis a sign of its immense potential. It is time to start caring about46. Sharing itemch as cars does g

49、ood to the environment.47. Airbnbcs clearly illustrates the emergence of a huge sharing economy.48, The maor concern about the sharing economy is how theernment regulates it. 49. Themost frequently shared items are those expensive to buy but not fully used.50. The sharing economy has a promising fut

50、ure.51. Online sharing will change the way business is doneransporion, travel, rentdls, etc.52,Airbnb is a websitet enables owners and renters to complete tranions online.53. The sharing economy is likely to go the way of online shop.54. One advantage of sharing ist owners earn money from renting ou

51、t items not made fulluse of.55, Sharing appeals to the soblehat they can meet new people.Section CDirections: There are 2 passageshis section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished sements. For each of them there are four choimarked A), B), C) and D ).Youshould decide on the best c

52、hoice and mark the corrvsponding letter on Answer Sheet 2wisingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.In recent years, a growing body of research has shownt our appetite and foodake areinfluenced by a large number of factors besides our biological

53、 need for energy, including oureating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance,t eating in front of the TV ( or a similar distraction)can increase bothger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like platesize and fighting, have bee

54、n shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggestedt our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite.Several hours after a meal, peoplesger levels were predicted not by how much theyd eatenbut rather by how much food theyd seen in front of themin other words, how much theyrem

55、embered eating.This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a biggerinfluence on our appetiten the actual size of the meal. says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professorof experimental psychology at the Univerity of Bristol.ger isnt controlled solely by the physical characteristics

56、 of a recent meal. We haveidentified anindependent role for memory fort meal, Brunstrom says. This showst the relation_shipbetnger and foodake is more complexn we thought. These findings echo ear r researcht suggests our perception of food can sometimestrick our bodys response to the food itself. In

57、 a 2011 study, for instance, people who drthesame 380-calorie(卡路里) milkshake on two separate occas produced different levels ofger-related hormones (), depending on whether the shakes label said it contained620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thoughtt

58、heyd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trickourselvesavoidinThe appetite,o eating less. the new fmdings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food andand multitasking while eating.so-called mindful-eating strategie

59、s can fight distractiousand help us controlourBrunstrom says.56. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and foodake?A) Howerceive the foodat.what ingredients the food contains.Whenat our meals.D) How fastat our meals.57. what would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lothe pre

60、vious meal?A) You would probably be morcky about food.You would not feel like eating the same food.You would have a good appetite.D) You would not feelngry.58. What do we learn from the 2011 study?A) Food labels may mislead consumersheir purchases.B) Food labels may influence our bodys response to f