2022届上海市高三下学期5月英语模拟测试卷05

1、2022届上海市高三下学期5月英语模拟测试卷05考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question

2、 will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Job applicants.B. Unive

3、rsity students.C. News reporters.D. Public speakers.2.A. $ 36.B. $60.C. $ 24.D. $30.3. A. Nervous.B. Excited.C. Surprised.D. Calm.4. A. They can hardly find time to do exercise.B. Both of them are fond of doing exercise.C. Doing exercise is the last thing theyd like to do.D. The woman disagrees to d

4、o exercise with the man. 5. A. Student and teacher.B. Guest and receptionist.C. Customer and shop assistant.D. Daughter and father.6.A. The Student Union.B. The Tutoring Service Center.C. Her professors office.D. Her tutors home.7. A. The coverage of newspapers.B. The nature of humans.C. The increas

5、e of crime rate.D. The impact of mass media.8.A. Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays.B. Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule.C. An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday.D. Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule.9. A. She is disappointed with his decision.B. Sh

6、e is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle.C. She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry.D. She suggests the man reconsider his plan.10.A. Because he favors goods in physical stores.B. Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience.C. Because he doesnt have much money.D. Becaus

7、e he doesnt like the shopping festival. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will

8、be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests.B. Viol

9、ent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians.C. People may step onto a landmine (地雷) and get injured.D. Other roads have a litter problem, which spoils good mood.12.A. It is a rare species of rat.B. It has a good sense of smell.C. It sacrifices its life to detect dangers.D. It is terrified o

10、f explosive devices.13.A. 13 minutes.B. 30 minutes.C. 40 minutes.D. 4 days. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food.B. Its residents lose altogether 100,000kg by 2020.C. Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public. D. Local

11、 doctors make personalized diets for everyone.15.A. Local people share healthy diet with each other.B. Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim.C. Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter.D. Government officials persevere in physical exercise.16.A. Students are encouraged to walk o

12、r ride to school. B. Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries.C. Parents are offered devices to monitor childrens walking time.D. Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Neither of them can

13、find a suitable game.B. They are both enthusiastic about games.C. Good games cost a large amount of money. D. They often go Dutch when buying gifts.18.A. It includes fantasy role-playing.B. It doesnt have an actual ending.C. It is an expensive online game.D. It is something like a racing game.19.A.

14、Players have opportunities to make new friends.B. Players can have face-to-face communication.C. Players may be rewarded with delicious food.D. Players can start the game at anytime they want.20.A. Add variety to the recommended game.B. Look around to find a cheaper online game.C. Persuade the woman

15、 to change her mind.D. Try to find an extraordinary online game.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the

16、given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.However depressed you may be feeling now, if you look back, there certainly will have been events that made you happymaybe the time (21) _ you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship. When good things happen,

17、 we feel excited, proud and happy. But the problem is, happiness doesnt usually last. The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off, and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing (22) _ (well) on the next exam. Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation

18、(享乐适应症)that is, (23) _ _ _ good something makes us feel, most of the time we drift back to (24) _ we started. An often (25) _ (quote) example is that lottery winners are no happier than non-winners eighteen months after their win. But dont despair. It is possible to make happiness last. Psychologist

19、s have found two anti-adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness: variety and appreciation. Variety is, as we all know, the spice of life. But its also a useful weapon (26) _ adaptation. Positive changes that (27) _ (experience) in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lastin

20、g happiness. For example, you will feel happier about your volunteer work (28) _ you are able to cope with new tasks every week. The second tool, appreciation, is in many ways the opposite of adaptation. Its about focusing on something, instead of letting it fade into the background. It is only when

21、 you appreciate something (29) _ an enduring feeling of happiness will follow. Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy, but not enough time (30)_ (try) to hang on to the happiness they already have. This is like focusing all your energy on making more money, without givin

22、g any thought to what you will do with the money. The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to make the most of the ones youve been given.Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there i

23、s one word more than you need.A. measurement B. similar C. remarkably D. monetary E. astronomy F. alteredG. civilization H. defined I. independence J. invariably K. dominatedThe NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-asthe gift of the Nile. The Egyptians depend on

24、 the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous _31_.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost _32_ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit

25、 of sand was left behind, making an excellent topaoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to trans

26、fer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of _33_ a Nilometer, was used to de determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river-_34_ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of

27、the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) _35_ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also _36_ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）. Mummification gave them great understanding of the h

28、uman body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition（迷信）. And while a great deal of time was dedicated to _37_ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Brita

29、in seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won _38_ from Britain after World War . The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, _the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 _40_ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to sat

30、isfy the countrys rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in the Arab world.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that bes

31、t fits the context.After my public lectures on evolution, someone in the audience asks, “Are we still evolving?” People want to know if humans are getting taller, smarter, better looking or more athletic. My answer is truthful but 41 : Were almost certainly evolving, but we dont know in what 42 or h

32、ow fast.Weve seen some evolution in our species over the past few millennia, but it was detected by reconstructing history from DNA sequences. For example, we know that during the past 10,000 years, several populations of humans those keeping sheep, cows or goats for milk gained the ability to diges

33、t dairy products. This quality was 43 in our earlier ancestors who, after babyhood, never encountered milk. And in the past 3,000 years, Tibetans have acquired 44 adaptations that allowed them to develop well in their high-altitude, low-oxygen home. But these well-documented changes are limited to p

34、articular populations, so the 45 for recent evolution of our entire species, remains not much.The authors of “Evolving Ourselves” 46 . Not only, they claim, are we evolving faster than ever, but were doing it to ourselves. Juan Enriquez and Steve Gullans argue that humans have 47 evolution not just

35、in our own species but virtually in all species: “For better or worse, we are increasingly in charge. We are the primary drivers of 48 . We will directly and indirectly determine what lives, what dies, where, and when. We are in a different phase of evolution: the future of life is now 49 .”Accordin

36、g to the authors, weve replaced natural selection with what they call “ 50selection.” Overfishing, for example, has reduced the average size of many fish species, for taking the biggest fishes is 51 those smaller fishes. Yet while theres no doubt that were changing the planet, the claim that were co

37、mpletely changing evolution on the planet 52 . Lets take those fish that are evolving to reproduce smaller and younger for example. This 53 has been documented in many species that we eat, but this is just a minuscule fraction (极小的一部分) of the 30,000 known species of fish.The authors speak with 54 as

38、surance about how our species is evolving in response to nearly everything. When they claim, for example, our ingestion (摄取) of drugs and exposure to chemicals mean that “our childrens brains are evolving fast,” they are abusing (滥用) the word “ 55 .” Our childrens brains may be changing fast in resp

39、onse to the new pharmacological (药理学的) environment, but change alone is not evolution.41.A. instructiveB. disappointingC. decisiveD. conflicting42. A. directionB. regionC. frequencyD. condition43.A. beneficialB. adaptableC. unique D. useless44.A. unproved B. changeableC. geneticD. mysterious 45.A. s

40、tudyB. evidenceC. interestD. implication46.A. disagreeB. supportC. follow D. approve47.A. delayedB. overdoneC. neglected D. controlled48.A. unbalanceB. disasterC. change D. disturbance 49.A. in our handsB. out of orderC. in peaceD. out of control50.A. destructiveB. unnaturalC. adventurous D. emotion

41、al 51.A. by means ofB. at the cost ofC. in favor ofD. for the protection of52.A. makes no senseB. makes great impressionC. calls attentionD. comes to an end53.A. problemB. mistakeC. phenomenonD. obstacle54.A. strongB. baselessC. sensitive D. persuasive55.A. environmentB. technologyC. exposureD. evol

42、utionSection B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Fur B

43、abiesKong Qin, a 32-year-old white-collar worker in Beijing, recently noticed that Cheese, her cat, had been acting oddly since she gave birth to her son several weeks ago. The cat started using the bathroom all over the house, and she was never like that before.Kong did not know what happened to th

44、e cat, and she asked for advice from a friend of hers who is also a cat owner. Her friend told her that Cheese may be acting out as she may be feeling neglected since the baby was born. She added that behaving this way was probably a trick to win over her masters attention.Kong remembered that in a

45、family in Baba Huilaile (Dad is Back), a Chinese reality show that she watched around one year ago, the dog often pushed the kid aside when the kid asked his dad for a hug. When she was watching the show, she only took the pushing as a joke and did not think too much of it, but she is now beginning

46、to wonder if the dog was actually trying to steal the limelight.Zhang Yu, a veterinarian (兽医) in Beijing, advises that if fur babies start to misbehave after a baby is born, pet owners should not punish them, which may stress the pet out. Pets rarely actively attack kids, but if kids hurt pets out o

47、f curiosity, like pulling their tails, pets may bite kids to run away. She also recommends that parents should be with the kids who are younger than two years old when there are pets around to protect pets and kids from being hurt by each other. As children get older, parents can help introduce thei

48、r kids to the pets to help them become familiar and comfortable around each other.“Pets will eventually get used to having kids around after some time, and pets owners need to wait some time,” she said.Kong has happily found that Cheese is more like her usual self over the past few days. She is cons

49、cious that the cat has gone through the toughest stage. The next thing she is planning to do is to take Cheese to her sons bed more often so that she will like him more.56. The underlined expression limelight in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A. food B. glance C. attention D. ownership 57. A

50、ccording to paragraph 4, which of the following is TRUE? A. Pets wont start a fight with babies when parents are around. B. Pets are always safe alone with those younger than 2-year-olds.C. Owners should be patient before pets get used to having babies around. D. Owners should stress pets out when t

51、hey are not behaving themselves.58. How does Kong feel about Cheeses reaction to the birth of her son these days? A. Comfortable. B. Thankful. C. Depressed. D. Hateful. 59. What does the writer mainly want to tell us in this passage?A. Children need to be smart enough to avoid being hurt by pets. B.

52、 Owners should learn to help fur babies coexist with newborns.C. Parents fur babies can become friends with the newborns easily.D. Pets, like some parents, will feel delighted when newborns come.(B)Who we needWe are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health. WHO is committed to a

53、chieving workforce variety, aiming to achieve a broad representation of nationals of our member countries. Particular attention is paid to candidates from developing countries and gender filled in accordance with WHOs ability model.There are two key categories of staff at WHO: professionals (P) or d

54、irectors (D) who are internationally recruited (招募) and general (G) or national professional (NPO) staff who are recruited locally for both fixed or short-term positions. We also run internship (实习) and opportunities for junior professional officers (JPOs).Internationally recruited (P or D)Professio

55、nal staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions or positions that require a significant level of technical knowledge. P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe.Locally recruited (G or NPO)General Service staff are hired locally at the respect

56、ive duty station. Their main role is to work with and support internationally recruited staff in their roles and to assure the smooth functioning of all administrative matters.National Professional Officers are nationals of the country in which they serve and perform functions of a professional natu

57、re requiring local knowledge, professional knowledge and experience.Internships We offer internships for current students with educational background in public health, management or administration fields.Junior professional officer programmeThe Junior Professional Officer (JPO) Programme provides yo

58、ung professionals at an early stage in their career with practical experience in international technical cooperation. JPOs are sponsored by their respective governments. Recruitment restrictionsPlease note the following restrictions on recruitment:Relatives of WHO Staff: Except where another equally

59、 well qualified person cannot be recruited, appointment shall not be granted to a person who bears any of the following relationships to a staff member: father, mother, son, daughter, brother or sister.Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy.Poli

60、cy on Non-Recruitment of Smokers: WHO has a smoke-free environment and does not recruit smokers who do, not indicate a willingness to stop smoking. This policy underscores the Organizations commitment to promoting a smoke-free environment.60.The above webpage aims at _.A. recruiting volunteers for W