人教版(新教材)高中英语选修3Unit 3　Environmental Protection精品学案：Grammar-直接引语和间接引语

1、思维导图(直接引语变为间接引语时的变化直接引语和间接引语Grammar一一直接引语和间接引语思维导图(直接引语变为间接引语时的变化直接引语和间接引语单元语法-一图贯通直接引语：讲述别人的原话,并放在引号中Q间接弓语：转述别人的原话.不使用引号人称的变化时态的变化少旨示代词的变化储间状电、地点状语等的变化i直接引语是陈述句的变化再接引语是一般疑问句的变化宜接用语是特殊疑问句的变化:直接引语是祈使句或表示请求的一般疑问句的变化语境理解合作探究语法整体突破当我们用自己的话转述别人的话时，称为间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句, 用陈述句语序。而主句局部那么根据语境的需要选择适当的转述动词。直接引语变

2、 成间接引语有以下几种情况：语境理解合作探究一、语序变化K合作探究观察以下句子，体会变为间接引语后的变化。John said, “I like reading adventure stories.”-John said that he liked reading adventure stories.He asked Mary, “Do you want to go to the concert with me? ”f He asked Mary ifZwhether she wanted to go to the concert with him.He asked, u What is it

3、all about?”f He asked what it was all about.K自主发现(1)直接引语为陈述句：变成that引导的宾语从句,如句。(2)直接引语是一般疑问句：变成if/whether引导的宾语从句,如句。直接引语是特殊疑问句：变成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句，如句。二、人称变化K合作探究U观察以下句子，体会变为间接引语后的变化。Susan said, “I like pop music.”Susan said she liked pop music.He told me, “You should hand it in on Friday.”f He told me t

4、hat I should hand it in on Friday.Mr.Smith said, “She is my workmate.”f Mr.Smith said that she was his workmate.uI lost my key to the bike, Bob said.f Bob said that he had lost his key to the bike. “Are you a member of the club? ” He asked Ann.f He asked Ann if/whether she was a member of the club.K

5、自主发现2“一随主。直接引语的主语为第一人称时一，变为间接引语时从句主语应与主 句主语一致，如句和句。“二随宾”。直接引语的主语为第二人称时，变为间接引语时从句主语应与主 句中的宾语一致，如句和句。“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的主语为第三人称时，变为间接引语时从句 主语不必作出变化，如句。K名师提醒 需要注意的是，物主代词也要随主语的变化而改变，如句和句 。K巩固内化12将直接引语改为间接引语Cathy always says, Ill do it better next time.”f Cathyalways, says that shelldo ibetter thenext time.

6、(DSarah asked, “What were you doing from nine to eleven this morning? ”f Sarahasked me wha， wasdoingfrom nineto eleventhat moming.(Dl asked him, u Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?”f I asked him whether he would stay at home gr go o a film that night.K巩固内化2X将直接引语改为间接引语“My mother wants t

7、o go shopping with me Joan said.f Joan said her mother wanted to shopping with her.He said to Kate, “Is your sister a nurse? ”f He asked Kate iwhether her siste匚 was a nurse.Father said to me, “She doesnt look like your toy.”f Father said that she didnt look like my toy.三、时态变化(合作探究观察以下句子，体会变为间接引语后的变

8、化。Henry always says, I will do it tomorrow.”Henry always says that he will do it the next day.Susan said to me, “My father works in a local company.”f Susan told me her father worked in a local company. “When did the American Civil War break out? ” Mr. Green asked us.f Mr.Green asked us when the Ame

9、rican Civil War had broken out. “Im writing an e-mail. Tina said.f Tina said that she was writing an e-mail. u Will you continue to work for us next year? ” I asked Miss Read.asked Miss Read ifYwhether she would continue to work for us the next year.“The performance has been on fbr half an hour. Wen

10、dy told us.f Wendy told us that the performance had been on for half an hour.“Failure is the mother of success.” Our head teacher said to us.f Our head teacher told us that failure is the mother of success.K自主发现3D当主句谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时态时，间接引语的时态不变，如句;假设 主句是一般过去时，从句谓语应当使用与主句时态相应的过去的某种时态。其对 应关系是：(1)一般现在时f

11、一般过去时，如句;(2)一般过去时f过去完成时， 如句;(3)现在进行时f过去进行时，如句;(4)一般将来时一过去将来时，如 句;(5)现在完成时一过去完成时，如句。如果直接引语表达的是客观事实、 科学真理等，那么时态保持不变，如句。四、指示代词、状语等的变化K合作探究1观察以下句子，体会变为间接引语后的变化。This book is mine. said PauLf Paul said that that book was his. Why dont you tell me the news here? ” Franz said to Lily.f Franz asked Lily why

12、she didnt tell him the news there.“My mother applied fbr the same job a few minutes ago.” John said.f John said that his mother had applied for the same job a few minutes before.K自主发现41指示代词的变化有：thisfthat, thesefthose,如句;地点状语的变化有： heref there ,如句；时间状语的变化有：nowfthen , todays that day , yesterdaythe day

13、 before, tomorrowthe following/next day, two days agotwo days before等，如句。K巩固内化3将直接引语改为间接引语 “I love playing tennis and Im crazy about jazz.n Marina said.f Marina said that she loved playingL tennis and she was crazy ab out jazz.I got everything ready before dark. Sue said.f Sue said that she had got

14、everything ready before dark.My father said, “The earth is bigger than the moon.”f My father said that the earth is bigger han he moon.K巩固内化4U将直接引语改为间接引语Henry said, “I havent seen her today.vf Henry said that he hadnt seen her that day.Helen said to me, “This happened yesterday.”f Helen told me that

15、 that had happened the day before.Shelly said, “I arrived two days ago.”f Shelly said that she had arrived two days before.五、 祈使句变间接引语之后的变化(合作探究II观察以下句子，体会变为间接引语后的变化。“Bring me a cup of tea, please, “ she said to Jim.She asked Jim to bring her a cup of tea.Dont make any noise, “ she said to the child

16、ren.f She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.K自主发现51祈使句变为间接引语时，谓语动词往往根据直接引语中的语气变换成“引述动词+ sb + (not) to do” 结构：(1)表示建议、请求语气,用 ask/advise sb (not) to do； (2)表示安排、吩咐语气,用tell sb (not) to do； (3)表示命令、指示语气用order sb (not) to do； (4)表示提醒、警告语气,用remind/warn sb (not) to do。如句和句 。K巩固内化5X将直接引语改为间接

17、引语The teacher said to the students, Stop talking.vf The teacher told the- students to stop talking.Mother said to Tom, “Get up early? Have you anything interesting I can read, George? ” she said.f She asked George jf/whether he had anything interesting she could read. Shes here to ask for help, isnt

18、 she? ” Bill asked.f Have you anything interesting I can read, George? ” she said.f She asked George jf/whether he had anything interesting she could read. Shes here to ask for help, isnt she? ” Bill asked.f Bill asked if she was there to ask for help. “Write your names on your papers first, “ the t

19、eacher said to us.f Theteacher toldus to writeour names9n our papersfirst. u Where are you going? ” the father asked his daughter.f Thefather askedhis daughterwhere shewas going.II .补全句子1 .Susan said that she didnt like rock music.f Mother told/asked Tom to get up early. 课堂实践应用步提能I .将以下句子变为间接引语.John said to his parents, “