英语动词讲解课堂课件

1、1动词2动词分类概念能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。实义动词系动词助动词情态动词3（一）实义动词_ 本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 I like the book.2. _自身意思完整，无需接宾语。 Birds can fly.及物动词不及物动词41动词+宾语I like English very much.2动词+宾语+宾补We paint the shelf pink.加名词作宾补的词有: call, choose, consider, e

2、lect, make, name3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 V+sb sth V+sth for/to sb及物动词5 1）动词+宾语+不定式(to do) （宾补）advise allow cause enable encouragefind forbid force wish invite order permit persuade remind tell warn expect wish 6一 have, let和make, 此三动词是使役，使用它们要仔细，后接“宾补”略去“to”一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, lo

3、ok at, observe, watch 2）动词+宾语+省略to 的不定式（宾补）7口诀：不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词【速记口诀】一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear, listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help8colour, keep, find, get,leave,make,paint,cutEg: Please colour it red. I find it interesting.3）动词+adj (做补语)9get/leave/keep/set/cat

4、ch/havesb.doing;see/find/watch/feel/hear/listento/discoversb. doing如:他让我等了整整一上午 。 Hekeptmewaitingthewholemorning. 4）动词加现在分词做补语10过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有 have ,get, make have sth done Eg: 我理发了。 I have had my hair cut. 我让别人明白了。 I made myself heard.5）动词加过去分词（补语）11口诀：能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词或词组：forget, go on, mean,

5、remember, stop, try， regret,巧记， 即四记力争不后悔。四记指(记得/记住；忘记；计划/打算；继续)；力争指try；不后悔指 stop regretting-stop 与regret。12bring, hand, lend ,mail ,offer ,owe ,pass post ,read, return ,send ,sell ,show ,take ,teach ,tell ,throw ,writeV+ 直宾或间宾+ sb +sth/ sth to sb13book ,buy, choose cook, draw ,fetch find ,fix ,get m

6、ake, order ,pick prepare save sing spare stealV+ 直宾或间宾+sb sth/ sth for sb141.没有被动形式，如happen,occur,rise,lie,die不及物动词2.主动表示被动的词 动词+ (well,poorly,easily)sell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, dress, play, last, open, write, start, run, read, operate, break, measure, weigh1.Dry wood burns easily.2.The clot

7、h washes well.15他跑的快。He runs fast.他经营一家工厂。He runs a factory.Eg: study，fly，run, change既作及物又作不及物动词的词161.She looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden. A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in2.I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.your

8、e calling3.The day he has looked forward to_at last. A.coming B.came C.come D.comes4.Mr Smith warned her son _ after drinking. A.never to drive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never drive5.She pretended_me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seenDCBExerciseAA17常见

9、的连系动词有：be, become, turn, get, grow, keep, feel, look, seem, smell, turn, fall等。它们都表示状态的渐变或保持不变，以及表示感觉。后面接形容词构成系表结构。Eg：Please keep the classroom clean. The bread looks very fresh. His plan sounded practical. （二）系动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。18状态变化系动词系动词用法习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化wrong, bad, mad, hungry, blind etc.

10、表颜色等red, green表成长中的变化strong, tall由动态到静态转变ill, sick, asleep转向好的状态true, alive常用来指人或物的状态的变化become 接名词时,名词前接冠词gocometurngrowfallgetbecome19 1.The weather will_hot for another two weeks. A.last B.remain C.get D.turn 2.The hot weather will _another two days. A.last B.remain C.get D.turn 3.The boss made th

11、em _12 hours a day. A.work B.to work C.worked D.working 4.They were made_12 hours a day. A.work B.to work C.worked D.workingBAABExercise205.-Have you got a ticket for the concert? -No, the tickets _well and they _out last week. A. sell; were sold B. sell; sold C. sell;have been sold D. are sell; sol

12、d A6.Dont get that ink on your white shirt for it_. A. wont wash out B. doesnt wash away C isnt washing out D. hasnt washed away7.They tried to get the car _, but it wont_. A. started; start B. to start; start C.started;started D. to start; to startAA21助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独 作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，

13、 语态，和数的变化。 常见的助动词有：（1）be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been) 与现在分词结合构成各种进行时态，或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。 Eg: Im looking for my pen. （现在进行时） What were you doing at this time yesterday?(过去进行时) These cups are made in China. （被动语态）（三）助动词22（2）have (has, had, having)与过去分词结合构成完成时。 Eg: They have known each other for

14、twenty years.（现在完成时） He had built a chemistry lab for himself at the age of ten.（过去完成时）（3） 助动词do (does, did) 后只能跟动词原形，与not及其他动词结合构成否定句，或置于主语之前构成疑问句。Eg: He does not speak English. When did he come back? 23（4）will (would), shall (should)： will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后；would是will的过去时，能用于过去将来时；两者后面都接动词原形。 Eg: The

15、plane will arrive in ten minutes. 飞机十分中后将要到达。 I was sure that we would win.我确信用我们会赢。shall与should这两个助动词本身没有词义，shall只能用于一般将来时的第一人称后；should是shall的过 去时，只能用于过去将来时的第一人称后；两者后面都接动词原形。Eg: We shall meet at the school gate tomorrow. 我们明天将在校门口见。 I told them that I should do the work alone. 我告诉 他们我将独自做那项工作。24 情态

16、动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。 情态动词的种类：原 形 过去式 词 义 can could 能 may might 可以（或许） must must(had to) 必须（不得不） will would 愿意 shall should 应该 need needed 需要 dare dared 敢于 （四）情态动词25cant help but do=cant but do =have to doI cant help

17、 but tell him the truth.1.-I usually go there by train. -Why not_by boat for a change? A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going2.-The light in the office is still on. -Oh,I forgot_. A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off DC26 1) can的主要用法是： A. _： The g

18、irl can dance very well. B. _： Can the news be true? C. _: Can I sit here? can & could：表示能力表示推测可能性表请求或允许（多用于疑问否定句中）272) could的主要用法是： A. _ _: We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. 我三岁就能看书了。 Father said I could go out with my friends.could 是can的过去式, 表示过去 的能力,许可和推测B. could可代替can表示请求, 语气委婉

19、(主要用于疑问句） Could you lend me your bike? Could I use your bike?-Yes， you can.283) They cant /couldnt have gone out because the light is still on.cant /couldnt have done 过去否定猜测must do/be 现肯猜cant do/be 现否猜must have done 过肯猜29 1). _ We must all die. 人总要死的。 2). _ You must get up early. 你必须早起来。must:表示必然性。表

20、示强制/义务。30 We mustnt waste our time. - May I take this magazine out? - No, you mustnt. 3). must not : “禁止”。4). must 用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答用yes, please 或者 Im afraid so, 其否定回答用 neednt 或者 dont have to315).表示推测，意为“一定是”,语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。must+ v 对现在的推测 It must be eleven oclock now. He must go crazy. must+ h

21、ave+过去分词 对过去的推测must+ be+ v-ing 对将来或现在进行时的推测6).表示“偏偏”，表达对某事的不满或责备等情绪。Why must it rain on Sunday?32may & might ： may 常用来表示： A. _ May I come in ? Yes, please. B. _表示请求、允许; -I believe the man is from England. -But I may be wrong. The guest may arrive this afternoon表示猜测答语避免使用may，以免显得太严肃或太不客气33 The road m

22、ay be blocked. 这条路可能不通了。 The road can be blocked. 这条路可能会是不通的。 在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。 如：Where can he be? 他会在哪呢？可能性从大到小: must. can could may might34 C. _ May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 表示祝愿;语气较正式:多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比may表示的可能性更小，且might可以用于虚拟语气，may不可以。might 的用法有: She said that he m

23、ight take her bike. 她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。 You might get some help from her if she were here.35 1). I will tell you something important. 我将要告诉你一些重要的事。will & would：Nancy will stick to her way of life.I told him not to do it, but he would. will是助动词或是情态动词 用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表“意志/决心”是情态动词。would亦同理，只是表过去。36 2). _ If

24、you want help, let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助, 让我知道, 好吗? Would you type this, please? 请打印这个，好吗？ Wont you sit down? 请坐下，好吗？ 疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求表委婉不是表过去37This will be the book you want. He will have arrived by now. The guests would have arrived by that time. I thought you would have finished this by now.

25、This will be the building you are looking for .3).用“will be”和“will (would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。384)._Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？Id go there with you. 我要和你一块到那儿去。 Teacher wouldnt allow it. 老师不会允许这件事。（表请求）would比will客气委婉。（表意愿）（表许可）39 1). Perhaps I

26、shall pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。 （构成一般将来时, 助动词）shall & should：shall用于构成将来时是助动词。40（表 “决心”，情态动词）Shall we go by train, Mom? 妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？Shall he come in?要他进来吗？ 2).用于征求意见,是情态动词,一般用于第一一人称和第三人称41（表 “决心”，情态动词）Dont worry, you shall get the book.Nothing shall stop us.You shall get what

27、 you deserve.He shall be punished if he breaks the rule.No one shall smoke here. 3).用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令,或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。424). You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。 You should call the police.*表示“按理说”。 Its 8 oclock now, he should be here at any moment.*表埋怨，用于“Shouldnt ?” Shouldnt you be doing your homewo

28、rk now? should表示义务/建议/劝告，意为 “应该”。 43 -_ I go out to play, mum? -No, you_. You should do your homework first. A. Might; wouldnt B. May; had better not C. Must; mustnt D. Need; mustntB442. -Where is Emma? -I cant say for sure where she is, but she_ be out shopping. A. can B. should C. must D. mayD453.

29、 The room is in a terrible mess; it _ cleaned. A. cant have been B. couldnt be C. may have been D. would beA464. How_ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. mayA475. What does the sign over there read?“No person _ sm

30、oke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this areas.” A. Will B. may C. shall D. mustC486.Has Mr. Tom White arrived? Yes, already _he wait outside or just come in?Shall B. May C. Could D. MustA497. -Jane has just come back from China and she looks happy.- She _ her trip very much.must enjo

31、y B. must have enjoyedC. may enjoy D should have enjoyedB508. The terrible accident is under investigation. Actually , quicker action _those workers trapped in the mine. A. might have saved B. must have saved C. should have saved D. could have saved D519. He chose to teach in a western province, tho

32、ugh he _in the city for a better life. could stay B. would stayC. could have stayed D. had stayedC10. We _ here at lunch time ; we were delayed at the airport, though. A. could be B. should be C. must have been D. would have beenD5211. How I wish I _ my mouth before I shouted at my um ! A. shut B. h

33、ave shut C. had shut D. would shut C12. We must apply what we have learnt to our daily work because in no case _ from practice. should theory separate B. should theory be separated C. theory should separateD. theory should be separatedB5313. Who has made a mess in my room? Who else _it but your naug

34、hty son?A. could do B. could have doneC. should do D. Should have doneB14. Its really a wonder that all the passengers on board _ while the plane itself sank into the freezing Hudson River in New York.must have been saved should have been saved would be savedD. might be savedB5415. You _ late for ye

35、sterday class meeting , as it was so important.couldnt be B. shouldnt beC. mustnt have been D. oughtnt to have been16. But for your timely warning, we _into great trouble. You know were friends.would get B. must have gotC. would have got D. cant have gotDC551)insist 2)order, command 4)advise, sugges

36、t, propose , recommend 4)demand, ask, require, request1.He ordered that we (should)leave at once.2.His order that we (should) leave at once was right. 延伸1：接虚拟语气的词563.He insisted that his brother_ there. A.go B.went C.going D.to go4.He insisted that he_ nothing wrong and _ set free. A.do;be B.had don

37、e;was C.had done;be D.did; was5.His voice suggested that he_angry. A.is B.be C.was D.were 6.He suggested that the boy _ sent to hospital at once. A.was B.be C.is D.wereACCB57口诀：一坚持，二命令，三建议，四要求其宾语从句用“should+动词原形”，should既可以省略，should也可以保留。一坚持，即insist；二命令，即order, command；三建议，即suggest, propose, advise；四要

38、求，即ask, demand, require, request。58go, come, leave, start, return, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open,close, die, become, break, join, kill, marry, graduate,buymarry-be married seat-be seated hide-be hidden engage-be engaged die-be dead begin-be on join-be in borrow-keep come-be/stay leave-be away buy-have=have got延伸2：瞬间非延续性动词591.He died ten years ago,thats to say,he