七年级人教英语下册unit8 Is there a post office near here 重点知识和语法讲解

1、 Unit8: Is there a post office near here?重点知识和语法讲解重要短语和句型post office 邮局police station 警察局pay phone 付费电话near here 这附近across from 在对面next to 紧挨着between. and. 在和之间in front of. 在前面excuse me. 打扰了；劳驾far from 离远 （反义词：close to离近）go/walk along/down. 沿着走turn right/ left 向右/左转on the right/left 在右/左边 on ones ri

2、ght/ left 在某人的右/左边 in my neighborhood 在我家附近look like 看起来像in life 生活中at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口go shopping 去购物in town 在城镇on weekends 在周末spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光be good at. 擅长enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事How do/does sb. get to.? 某人怎么到达？重要知识点讲解police 集合名词“警察”表示复数意义，前面常加定冠词the，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The police

3、are looking for the little boy.拓展：policeman和policewoman用作可数名词，意为“男警察”“女警察”，其复数形式分别为policemen和policewomen。I want to be a policeman when I grow up.There are more and more policewomen in China.注意：表示“一名警察”时不能用a police，应用a policeman/policewoman.pay = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 动词 “付款；支付” 其过去式是paidpay for 为.付款

4、pay (sb.) for 付钱（给某人）买.You can pay 20 yuan for the bag. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 名词 “工资”across from 在.对面 相当于oppositeThe bookstore is across from the bank.=The bookstore is opposite the bank.辨析：across与crossacross介词，副词穿过；横过；在对面cross动词越过；横过（相当于go across）Lets cross the road now.=Lets go across the road n

5、ow.in front of与in the front of都表示“在前面”，但具体用法不同。in front of强调一个物体在另一个物体空间“外部”的前面。反义词是behindin the front of强调一个物体在另一个物体空间“内部”的前面。Tom is standing in front of a tree.Tom is standing in the front of the classroom.Exercise:There is a policeman the car. I can see him because I sit the car.in front; in the

6、front ofin front of; in front ofin the front of; in the front ofin the front of; in front ofYou shouldnt spend much time computers.in front of B. across from C. at the left of D. behindbank = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 名词 “银行”He has much money in the money. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT （河、湖等的）岸；堤They are walk

7、ing along the bank of the river.around = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 介词 “在.附近；在.周围”There is a post office around here. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 副词 “到处；周围”When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. = 3 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 副词 “大约”，用在数字之前，与about同义。He gets up around/ about six every day.

8、along = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 介词 “沿着”相当于down，可以和go ,walk等动词连用。Go along the street, and youll find the bank. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 副词 “向前；一同”与动词连用时，与on同义，表示“向前移动”。Come along,John.turn = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 不及物动词 “转向”turn right/left 意为“向右/左”，此处right/left用作副词，意为“向右/左”。Turn right and go along the st

9、reet. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 动词 “翻”Turn to page 10 please. = 3 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 连系动词 “变成”Leaves turn yellow in autumn. = 4 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT 名词 “（轮到的）机会”Its your turn to clan the blackboard. crossing 名词 “十字路口”在第个十字路口向右/左转。Turn right/ left at the +序数词+crossing.=Take the +序数词+crossing on the rig

10、ht/left.翻译：在第二个十字路口向左转。（两种方法。） spend time 度过时光；消磨时间spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光I often spend time with my grandfather on weekends.辨析：spend, cost, take与payspend主语是人 = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT sb. spend(s) time/money on sth; = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT sb. spend(s) time/money (in) doing sth.某人花时间/金钱做某事cost主语是

11、物sth. cost(s) sb. some money某物花费某人一些钱take常用it作形式主语It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.做某事花费某人一些时间pay主语是人 = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT sb. pay(s) money for sth. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT sb. pay(s) for sth.某人为某物付钱I spend two hours watching the movie.The dictionary costs me 50 yuan.It takes me an hour to finish my ho

12、mework.I pay 50 yuan for the dictionary.Exercise:He most of his time English.spends; studying B. costs; studied C. takes; to study D. pays;studieswatchwatch sb./sth. doing.观看某人/某物正在做.强调动作正在进行watch sb./sth do.观看某人/某物做了.强调看见动作发生的全过程He watched them playing basketball.We watch the birds fly home.look li

13、ke 看起来像like是介词，意为“像”，后可接名词、代词作宾语。He looks like his father.拓展：What does/do +主语+look like? 意为“长什么样？”用来询问某人的外貌特征。What does your brother look like?He is tall and thin.注意区分“What+be+sb. like?”意为“某人是个什么样的人？”用来询问某人的性格。What is your brother like?He is friendly.free 形容词 = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT “免费的”，在句中作表语或定语。

14、The food on the table is free. = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT “空闲的；自由的”，其反义词是busy，意为“繁忙的”。Are you free this Sunday? = 3 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT “自由的”The free fish is swimming freely in the river.enjoy及物动词，“享受；喜欢”,后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 We enjoy the film very much.My grandfather enjoys playin

15、g chess and drinking tea.拓展：enjoy oneself=have a good time =have fun 玩得开心；过得愉快Exercise:The travelers enjoy (travel) without a tour group.Every morning the old people enjoy in the square, singing and dancing.him B. them C. himself D. themselves补充：问路和指路的表达方式问路Where is the nearest., please? 请问最近的在哪儿？2.

16、 Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to.? 打扰了，你能告诉我去的路吗？3. Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to.?/Could you tell me how I can get to.? 打扰了，你能告诉我去怎么走吗？4. Hello! Is there a/an.near here? 你好！请问这附近有吗？5. Excuse me. How can I get to.? 打扰了，请问到怎么走？6. Which is the way to.? 哪条是去的路？7. Do you know the way

17、to.? 你知道去的路吗？指路Turn left/ right at. 在向左/右转。Go/ walk along this street/road. 沿着这条街/路走。Turn right at the third/.crossing, and then walk straight.在第三个/个十字路口向右转，然后一直朝前走。Take the second/ . turning on the right/ left.在第二个/.个拐弯处向右/左转。Its across from/ near/ next to the bank.它在医院对面/附近/旁边。You can take the No.

18、 3 bus and get off at.你可以乘3路公共汽车，在下车。三、重要语法讲解there be 句型there be结构表示“某地有某物或某人”，结构中的there没有实际意义。句子中的be动词必须和后面所跟的名词在数上保持一致。there be结构的一般现在时的基本句型肯定句There is/are+主语+地点状语/其他.There is a book on the desk.There are three pens in the pencil box.否定句There isnt / arent +主语+地点状语/其他.There isnt a book on the desk.

19、There arent three pens in the pencil box.一般疑问句Is/Are there +主语+地点状语/其他？肯定回答：Yes, there is/ are.否定回答：No, there isnt./arent.Is there a book on the desk?Yes，there is. / No, there isnt.Are there three pens in the pencil box?Yes, there are./ No, there arent.注意：在变否定句和一般疑问句时，肯定句中的some要变成any.常用how many 对可数名

20、词的数量进行提问。There are fifty students in my class.How many students are there in your family?对there be结构中的主语进行提问时，常省略there。There is a clock in our classroom.Whats in your classroom?there be句型中的主谓一致在there be句型中，如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词，be动词用is。There is a man under the tree.There is some water in the glass

21、.当有两个或多个并列主语时，be动词的单复数要由离它最近的主语决定，即遵循“就近原则”。There is a pencil, two pens and a ruler in the pencil box.There are two girls and a woman in the room.拓展： There is/are sb./sth. Doing sth. “有某人/某物正在做某事”There are some boys playing basketball on the playground.there be 结构与have/hasthere be“某地有”客观存在“there be+

22、某人/物+其他”have/has“某人/物有.”所属关系“某人/物+have/has+某物”There are two pens and an eraser in the pencil box.I have two pens and an eraser.注意：there be结构不能与have/has同时使用。助记口诀：There be表示“有”，主语跟在be后走；单数主语用is， 复数主语要用are；若遇多个并列主，“就近原则”要记住；否定be后加not，疑问把be提句首。Exercise:一、用be动词的正确形式填空。There some orange juice in the bottle. There many children in the park. There any houses near the river? There a map of China on the wall. There a pen and two books on the desk.二、填空（每空一词）There are some pictures on the wall. （改为否定句）There pictures on the wall.Behind t