17年11月阅读结课d09最终修改直播

1、D9 直播录播观看情况汇总推理题作业(100%)指代题作业(100%)否定细节作业(100%)课程咨询购买微信yskczj直播录播数据统计课程咨询购买微信yskczj作业情况汇总推理题作业解答Paragraph 2: People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties. Expressive ties are social links formed when we emotionally invest ourselves in and commit

2、ourselves to other people. Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we achieve a sense of security, love, acceptance, companionship, and personal worth. Instrumental ties are social links formed when we cooperate with other people to achieve some goal. Occasionally, this may mean wo

3、rking with instead of against competitors. More often, we simply cooperate with others to reach some end without endowing the relationship with any larger significance.(TPO-13-1-4)4. Which of the following can be inferred about instrumental ties from the authors mention of working with competitors i

4、n paragraph 2?Instrumental ties can develop even in situations in which people would normally not cooperate.Instrumental ties require as much emotional investment as expressive ties.Instrumental ties involve security, love, and acceptance.Instrumental ties should be expected to be significant.课程咨询购买

5、微信yskczjParagraph 2: People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties. Expressive ties are social links formed when we emotionally invest ourselves in and commit ourselves to other people. Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we

6、achieve a sense of security, love, acceptance, companionship, and personal worth. Instrumental ties are social links formed when we cooperate with other peopleto achieve some goal. Occasionally, this may mean working with instead of against competitors. More often, we simply cooperate with others to

7、 reach some end without endowing the relationship with any larger significance.(TPO-13-1-4)4. Which of the following can be inferred about instrumental ties from the authors mention of working with competitors in paragraph 2?Instrumental ties can develop even in situations in which people would norm

8、ally not cooperate.Instrumental ties require as much emotional investment as expressive ties. (内容矛盾/过于靠前)Instrumental ties involve security, love, and acceptance. (张冠李戴/过于靠前)Instrumental ties should be expected to be significant. (内容矛盾)P6:Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as pos

9、sible by piecing together bits of historical evidence, such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists dating back to the fifteenth century. From such historical evidence we

10、know that El Ninos have occurred as far back as records go. It would seem that they are ing more frequent. Records indicate that during the sixteenth century, an El Nino occurred on average every six years. Evidence gathered over the past few decades indicates that El Ninos are now occurring on aver

11、age a little over every two years. Even more alarming is the fact that they appear to be getting stronger. The 1997-1998 El Ninos brought copious and damaging rainfall to the southern United States, from California to Florida. Snowstorms in the northeast portion of the United States were more freque

12、nt and intense than in most years. (TPO-43-3-11)11. What can be inferred about El Nino from the historical evidence mentioned in paragraph 6 ? O They have often brought damaging weather to parts of the United States.O They have been occurring since at least the fifteenth centuryO They occurred less

13、frequently in the sixteenth century than in the fifteenth.O They have had stronger weather effects on the United States in recent decades than on other locations.P6:Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible by piecing together bits of historical evidence, such as sea-surface

14、 temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists dating back to the fifteenth century. From such historical evidence we know that El Ninos have occurred as far back as records go. It would seem

15、that they are ing more frequent. Records indicate that during the sixteenth century, an El Nino occurred on average every six years. Evidence gathered over the past few decades indicates that El Ninos are now occurring on average a little over every two years. Even more alarming is the fact that the

16、y appear to be getting stronger. The 1997-1998 El Ninos broughtcopious and damaging rainfall to the southern United States, from California to Florida. Snowstorms in the northeast portion of the United States were more frequent and intense than in most years. (TPO-43-3-11)11. What can be inferred ab

17、out El Nino from the historical evidence mentioned in paragraph 6 ? O They have often brought damaging weather to parts of the United States.(无中生有，now逻辑后面秒排)O They have been occurring since at least the fifteenth centuryO They occurred less frequently in the sixteenth century than in the fifteenth.(

18、优先排除)O They have had stronger weather effects on the United States in recent decades than on other locations.(同A)Paragraph 3: Mendeleyev went further than Meyer in another respect: he predicted the properties of six elements yet to be discovered. For example, a gap just below aluminum suggested a ne

19、w element would be found with properties analogous to those of aluminum. Mendeleyev designated this element eka-aluminum (eka is the Sanskrit word for next) and predicted its properties. Just five years later an element with the proper atomic mass was isolated and named gallium by its discoverer. Th

20、e close correspondence between the observed properties of gallium and Mendeleyevs predictions for eka-aluminum lent strong support to the periodic law. Additional support came in 1885 when eka-silicon, which had also been described in advance by Mendeleyev, was discovered and named germanium. (TPO-1

21、6-2-10)10. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that the significance of the discovery of gallium was that it supported which of the following?The idea that aluminum was correctly placed in the periodic table. Mendeleyevs prediction that eka-silicon would be discovered next.The organizing principle o

22、f the periodic table.The idea that unknown elements existed.Paragraph 3: Mendeleyev went further than Meyer in another respect: he predicted the properties of six elementsyet to be discovered. For example, a gap just below aluminum suggested a new element would be found with properties analogous to

23、those of aluminum. Mendeleyev designated this element eka-aluminum (eka is the Sanskrit word for next) and predicted its properties. Just five years later an element with the proper atomic mass was isolated and named gallium by its discoverer. The close correspondence between the observed properties

24、 of gallium and Mendeleyevs predictions for eka-aluminum lent strong support to the periodic law. Additional supportcame in 1885 when eka-silicon, which had also been described in advance by Mendeleyev, was discovered and named germanium. (TPO-16-2-10)10. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that the

25、 significance of the discovery of gallium was that it supported which of the following?The idea that aluminum was correctly placed in the periodic table. (张冠李戴，过于靠前)Mendeleyevs prediction that eka-silicon would be discovered next. (无中生有，并列不相关)The organizing principle of the periodic table.The idea t

26、hat unknown elements existed.(无，过于靠前)P1：The precursor of the modern camera, the camera obscura is a darkened enclosure into which light is admitted through a lens in a small hole. The image of the illuminated area outside the enclosure is thrown upside down as if by magic onto a surface in the darke

27、ned enclosure. This technique was known as long ago as the fifth century B.C. in China. Aristotle also experimented with it in the fourth century B.C., and Leonardo da Vinci described it in his notebooks in 1490. In 1558 Giovanni Battista Della Porta wrote in his twenty-volume work Magia naturalis (

28、meaning natural magic) instructions for adding a convex lens to improve the quality of the image thrown against a canvas or panel in the darkened area where its outlines could be traced. Later, portable camera obscuras were developed, with interior mirrors and drawing tables on which the artist coul

29、d trace the image. For the artist, this technique allows forms and linear perspective to be drawn precisely as they would be seen from a single viewpoint. Mirrors were also used to reverse the projected images to their original positions. (TPO-44-2-1)1. What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about Gi

30、ovanni Battista Della Portas contribution to the camera obscura?A. He translated a Chinese description of the use of the camera obscura and made the technique available to artists.B. His convex lens made the projected image easier to trace.C. His version of the camera obscura allowed for the later a

31、ddition of a mirror.D. His improvements relied heavily on design changes proposed earlier by Leonardo da Vinci.P1：The precursor of the modern camera, the camera obscura is a darkened enclosure into which light is admitted through a lens in a small hole. The image of the illuminated area outside the

32、enclosure is thrown upside down as if by magic onto a surface in the darkened enclosure. This technique was known as long ago as the fifth century B.C. in China. Aristotle also experimented with it in the fourth century B.C., and Leonardo da Vinci described it in his notebooks in 1490. In 1558 Giova

33、nni Battista Della Porta wrote in his twenty-volume work Magia naturalis (meaning natural magic) instructions for adding a convex lens to improve the quality of the image thrown against a canvas or panel in the darkened area where its outlines could be traced. Later, portable camera obscuras were de

34、veloped, with interior mirrors and drawing tables on which the artist could trace the image. For the artist, this technique allows forms and linear perspective to be drawn precisely as they would be seen from a single viewpoint. Mirrors were also used to reverse the projected images to their origina

35、l positions. (TPO-44-2-1)1. What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about Giovanni Battista Della Portas contribution to the camera obscura?A. He translated a Chinese description of the use of the camera obscura and made the technique available to artists.B. His convex lens made the projected image ea

36、sier to trace.C. His version of the camera obscura allowed for the later addition of a mirror.D. His improvements relied heavily on design changes proposed earlier by Leonardo da Vinci.课程咨询购买微信yskczjP2: The questions e more complicated when actual volumes of water are considered: how much water ente

37、rs and leaves by each route? Discovering the inputs and outputs of rivers is a matter of measuring the discharges of every inflowing and outflowing stream and river. Then exchanges with the atmosphere are calculated by finding the difference between the gains from rain, as measured (rather roughly)

38、by rain gauges, and the losses by evaporation, measured with models that correct for the other sources of water loss. For the majority of lakes, certainly those surrounded by forests, input from overland flow is too small to have a noticeable effect. Changes in lake level not explained by river flow

39、s plus exchanges with the atmosphere must be due to the net difference between what seeps into the lake from the groundwater and what leaks into the groundwater. Note the word net measuring the actual amounts of groundwater seepage into the lake and out of the lake is a much more complicated matter

40、than merely inferring their difference. (TPO-24-1-3)3. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about the movement of water into a lake?Heavy rain accounts for most of the water that enters into lakes.Rainfall replaces approximately the amount of water lost through evaporation.Overlan

41、d flow into lakes is reduced by the presence of forests.Seepage has a smaller effect on water level than any other input.P2: The questions e more complicated when actual volumes of water are considered: how much water enters and leaves by each route? Discovering the inputs and outputs of rivers is a

42、 matter of measuring the discharges of every inflowing and outflowing stream and river. Then exchanges with the atmosphere are calculated by finding the difference between the gains from rain, as measured (rather roughly) by rain gauges, and the losses by evaporation, measured with models that corre

43、ct for the other sources of water loss. For the majority of lakes, certainly those surrounded by forests, input from overland flow is too small to have a noticeable effect. Changes in lake level not explained by river flows plus exchanges with the atmosphere must be due to the net difference between

44、 what seeps into the lake from the groundwater and what leaks into the groundwater. Note the word net measuring the actual amounts of groundwater seepage into the lake and out of the lake is a much more complicated matter than merely inferring their difference. (TPO-24-1-3)3. Which of the following

45、can be inferred from paragraph 2 about the movement of water into a lake?Heavy rain accounts for most of the water that enters into lakes.(不相关的定位区域)Rainfall replaces approximately the amount of water lost through evaporation. (不相关的定位区域)Overland flow into lakes is reduced by the presence of forests.S

46、eepage has a smaller effect on water level than any other input.(文中对应范围无绝对)P4: By whatever means, a lake is constantly gaining water and losing water: its water does not just sit there, or, anyway, not for long. This raises the matter of a lakes residence time. The residence time is the average leng

47、th of time that any particular molecule of water remains in the lake, and it is calculated by dividing the volume of water inthe lake by the rate at which water leaves the lake. The residence time is an average; the time spent in the lake by agiven molecule (if we could follow its fate) would depend

48、 on the route it took: it might flow through as part of the fastest, most direct current, or it might circle in a backwater for an indefinitely long time. (TPO-24-1-7)7. It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that the length of time a given molecule of water remains in a lakedepends entirely upon the a

49、verage speed of a lakes currentscan be measured by the volume of the lake alonecan be greater or lesser than the residence timeis similar to the length of time all other molecules remain in that lakeP4: By whatever means, a lake is constantly gaining water and losing water: its water does not just s

50、it there, or, anyway, not for long. This raises the matter of a lakes residence time. The residence time is the average length of time that any particular molecule of water remains in the lake, and it is calculated by dividing the volume of water inthe lake by the rate at which water leaves the lake

51、. The residence time is an average; the time spent in the lake by agiven molecule (if we could follow its fate) would depend on the route it took: it might flow through as part of the fastest, most direct current, or it might circle in a backwater for an indefinitely long time. (TPO-24-1-7)7. It can

52、 be inferred from paragraph 4 that the length of time a given molecule of water remains in a lakedepends entirely upon the average speed of a lakes currents (文中对应范围无绝对)can be measured by the volume of the lake alone(文中对应范围无绝对)can be greater or lesser than the residence timeis similar to the length o

53、f time all other molecules remain in that lake(文中对应范围无绝对)Paragraph 4: The flotation samples from the excavations allowed botanists to study shifts in plant-collecting habits as if they were looking through a telescope at a changing landscape. Hundreds of tiny plant remains show how the inhabitants e

54、xploited nut harvests in nearby pistachio and oak forests. However, as the climate dried up, the forests retreated from the vicinity of the settlement. The inhabitants turned to wild cereal grasses instead, collecting them by the thousands, while the percentage of nuts in the diet fell. By 8200B.C,

55、drought conditions were so severe that the people abandoned their long-established settlement, perhaps dispersing into smaller camps. (TPO-20-2-9)9. Paragraph 4 suggests that the people of Abu Hureyra abandoned their long-established settlement becausethe inhabitants had cleared all the trees from t

56、he forestswild cereal grasses took over pistachio and oak forestspeople wanted to explore new areaslack of rain caused food shortagesParagraph 4: The flotation samples from the excavations allowed botanists to study shifts in plant-collecting habits as if they were looking through a telescope at a c

57、hanging landscape. Hundreds of tiny plant remains show how the inhabitants exploited nut harvests in nearby pistachio and oak forests. However, as the climate dried up, the forests retreated from the vicinity of the settlement. The inhabitants turned to wild cereal grasses instead, collecting them b

58、y the thousands, while the percentage of nuts in the diet fell. By 8200B.C, drought conditions were so severe that the people abandoned their long-established settlement, perhaps dispersing into smaller camps. (TPO-20-2-9)9. Paragraph 4 suggests that the people of Abu Hureyra abandoned their long-es

59、tablished settlement becausethe inhabitants had cleared all the trees from the forests(过于绝对)wild cereal grasses took over pistachio and oak forests(张冠李戴，东拉西扯)people wanted to explore new areas(无中生有)lack of rain caused food shortages课程咨询购买微信yskczj推理题图解小明(文中)小王(题目选项)喜欢学习相似小王爱学习小明(文中)小王(题目选项)喜欢学习矛盾小王不爱

60、学习反向推理4大信号词：转折词，否定词，反义词，时间地点词其中：时间 考察先 后内容矛盾，地点 考察内 外内容矛盾优先选择带有 主干信息 和 否定/反义逻辑 的选项推断题 包含时间/地点 信号词判断反推：单一时间/地点：直接内容取反对立两个时间/地点：A B对应，则推A答案在B中推理题图解小明(文中)小王(题目选项)喜欢学习爱吃苹果相似小王爱学习小王爱吃苹果小明(文中)小王(题目选项)喜欢学习爱吃苹果矛盾小王不爱学习小王不爱吃苹果小王不爱学习小王不爱吃苹果技巧汇总梳理结构式阅读法黄金八部阅读法逻辑细节分割法简单复杂逻辑词定位词关键词结合3+1+1原则多定位词联动原则线性思维原则法不责众原则8大