介词关系代词定从解读课件

1、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词只代人who, whom, 只代物which,人和物whose, thatwhere, when，why关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语、表语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。 用什么关系副词看先行词。I will never forget the d

2、ays (_ I stayed with you).whenJurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps different Kinds of dinosaurs).where1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film).Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success).whenwhyMorning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud).

3、whenDo you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）where2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ the great writer used to live._where in whichThe house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_Luck

4、ily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake. whowhom that /_My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词,没有主语，用关系代词。Kunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _ ( ne

5、w China was founded).whenThe window ( _ was opened this morning) has been broken.Which thatThe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.Which that考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a f

6、amous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭 配来决定。如何选用介词？1. Do y

7、ou know the girl_ our head teacher is talking ?2. I cant find my dictionary _I paid over $100 .3. This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.4. She is the teacher _all his students show respect .5. The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute.to/with/about whom for which on whichto who

8、mfor whomtalking to/with /about the girlpay for the dictionaryspend money on the carshow respect to the teacherwaiting for the teacher2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。1.I never forget the days during which I studied hard. 2.I never forget the day on which I went to college.3.I never forget the year in which I went t

9、o college. Air, _ which man cant live, is really important.根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定withoutThe pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.with1) The German boss_ the actress works is a kind person.2) The person _ _ the speaker works likes singing.3) The pen friend _ the poet writes is good at literatur

10、e.for whomwith whomto whom4).看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.withIs this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?【知识点2】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前look for/after/forward

11、 to, care for(照顾，喜欢）hear of/about/from, take care of等.：【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知识点3】 直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famo

12、us runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点4】

13、关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I dont know the reason why he said so.=I dont know

14、the reason for which he said so.【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students.【知识点6】不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结构；这

15、也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher.【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which

16、none) is interesting. The old woman has two sons, _ are teachers.（两个都是）both of whomWe have three foreign teachers, _are from Canada. (其中的两个）【知识点7】数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数） two of whomThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of whichB. which of C. of

17、them D. of that 【知识点8】形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China has thousands of islands, _ is Taiwan Island.（其中最大的）the largest of which【知识点9】关系代词 whose既可以指人也可以指物，whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which

18、the windows are all broken.= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.= This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.【知识点10】介词+关系副词介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思

19、，常见的是from where 和since when。【例】He used to live in London, from where he came .【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.特殊用法：先行词是the way的时候，关系词用in which,that或不填I dont like the way in which he speaks to his mother. I dont like the way that he s

20、peaks to his mother. I dont like the way he speaks to his mother.1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is t

21、he reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词介词+关系词专项练习1On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets into the subway, _he believes that he can go to the wild.A. whichB. from what C. througwhichD. that2Many people who ha

22、d seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. thatB. by which C. whichD. in which 3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _ I owe all my success.A. which B. that C. to which D. by whichCDC4.Can you tell me where Peter lives?Over t

23、here. The two storey house,_there is a garden.A. near it B. from which C. in front of it D. in front of which 5. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _ up to half will be from overseas.Ain which B for whom Cwith which Dof whom6.There are two small rooms in the house, served as a kitche

24、n.A. the smaller of whichB. the small of whichC. the smaller of themD. smallest of whichDDB7.I have many friends, _some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom8.China is the birthplace of kites, _ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A. from that B. from whereC. from there D. from here9.For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from