希望英语3(第二版)综合教程U4

1、 Anxiety 1. Charles Dickens said it well: “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.” He could have been describing college life from a students perspective. A significant factor (因素)in this experience of “the worst of times” for many students is anxiety. Certainly, theres no shortage of

2、things to worry about. Reading A Task 2Now read the following passage. Mark the difficult parts, if there are any, and ask the teacher to explain afterwards. Consider the following issues: concern over which major to choose, fears about fitting in socially, worry about getting a job after graduation

3、, test anxiety, concerns about performing well enough to be accepted into graduate school(研究生院), fear of flunking out, the anxiety and loneliness of having few friends, pressures and conflict（冲突，矛盾） at home, financial worries, and confusion （困惑，迷茫）over values, purposes, and the meaning of ones life.

4、 To put it simply, theres a lot going on. and a lot at stake（处于成败关头）.Reading A Task 2 2. Each person has his or her own unique ways of coping with （处理，对付）tension（紧张，不安）, worry, and anxiety. Many self-defeating coping strategies(策略)(for example, drinking too much, abusing other drugs, over-eating, or

5、 engaging in （参加，从事）other eating disorders （common on college campuses), getting angry and “going off” on roommates or friends, to name just a few) can be considered attempts (尝试)to cope with anxiety. Reading A Task 2 It is important to understand that, even though such strategies are ultimately des

6、tructive, the individual utilizing them is rightfully concerned with（与。有关，牵涉） trying to effectively manage his or her world as he or she experiences it at the moment. This need to control ones emotional life is basic and the intent （意图，意向，目的）to do so should always be respected. However, learning mor

7、e effective ways to cope with anxiety may be called for if what one is doing is not working, or is only working in the short run.Reading A Task 2 3. Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, considered anxiety to be a signal that a person was experiencing something that in some way could be cons

8、idered a threat to his or her sense of well-being. He further believed （进而认为）that this feeling acted as a catalyst for the person to anticipate（预知）a sense of helplessness setting in. Thus, the notion of anxiety as “feedback” is an important one and has implications for what can be done to help with

9、this feeling. In effect, if one could “give voice” to the anxiety being experienced, it might be saying, “Pay attention! Theres something important going on here.” Reading A Task 2 Just what this “something” is, is not always easy to discern, especially by oneself. This is where counseling can help.

10、 Counselors（咨询，顾问） are professionals who are attuned to the “language of anxiety” and may be able to assist you in your efforts to manage your life more effectively. Gaining understanding of the meaning of anxiety is a critical（关键的，重要的） first step in developing effective coping responses（回应） that ca

11、n make a significant difference in your life, both now and in the future. These coping responses can involve developing new behaviors, new ways of understanding and experiencing emotions, and new ways of thinking about ones way of being in the world.Reading A Task 2 4. For some students, the experie

12、nce of anxiety may at times be so overwhelming that they experience panic(恐慌) reactions and may be unable to manage the tasks of daily life appropriately（适当的，合适的）. Biological factors can play a role in such reactions and, in some cases, medication can be a useful adjunct to counseling.Reading A Task

13、 2 5. Anxiety, most of us would agree, is an uncomfortable feeling. However, as a source of feedback to you, it can be an important avenue to self-understanding. And isnt self-understanding part of what college is all about?Reading A Task 2焦 虑 查尔斯狄更斯说得好：“那既是最美好的时光，也是最难熬的岁月。”他或许是从学生的角度在描述大学生活。对许多学生而言

14、，那段日子之所以难熬，一个重要的原因是焦虑。当然，令人担忧的事情是不少。 Reading A 译文： 想想以下这些问题：为专业选择而困扰，担心是否能够适应社会，担心毕业后的就业问题，对考试感到紧张，担心能否考入研究生院，害怕考试不及格，为朋友少而感到忧虑和孤独，来自家庭的压力和矛盾，担心经济问题，对人生价值、目的和意义的迷茫。简而言之，许多事情正在发生并且许多事情都处于成败关头。Reading A 译文： 每个人都有自己独特的方式来处理不安、担忧和焦虑。许多消极的处理方式（如酗酒、吸毒、暴食或大学校园里常见的其他饮食紊乱行为、发怒、疏远室友或朋友等等）可以被认为是应付焦虑的种种尝试。 Read

15、ing A 即使这些策略最终都有伤害性，每个人在感到焦虑时，运用这些策略正是为了有效地控制自己的情绪，明白这一点很重要。控制自己的情绪是一种基本需要，这种意图应始终受到尊重。然而，如果所采取的方法行不通或者只在短期内有效，那么可能需要学习更有效的方法来应对焦虑。Reading A 精神分析法创始人西格蒙德弗洛伊德将焦虑视为人在体验某种感觉时的一个信号，这种感觉在某些方面可被认为是对自己幸福感的一种威胁。他进而认为，这种感觉能刺激人预期孤立无助的到来。因此，将焦虑视为“反馈”是重要的，它有助于我们找到应对焦虑的方法。实际上，如果能让我们正在体验的焦虑说话，它也许会说：“注意，有重要事情在发生。”

16、 Reading A 而人们并不总能轻易看出这件“事情”是什么，尤其是自己。这正是心理辅导发挥作用之处。心理顾问是精通“焦虑语言”的专业人士，能帮助你更有效地控制情绪。采取有效对策，对你现在和将来的生活都会产生重大影响，关键的第一步是理解焦虑的含义。这些对策可能包括，培养新的行为习惯、用新的方式来理解和体验情感以及用新的方式来思考人生。 Reading A 对一些学生而言，焦虑的感觉有时是如此强烈以致于他们会陷入恐慌，无法恰当地应付日常生活中的各种事情。生物因素在这些反应中能发挥一定作用，在某些情况下，药物可以是心理辅导的有益补充。 Reading A 我们大都会认为焦虑是一种令人不舒服的感觉

17、。然而，作为一种反馈，焦虑是了解自我的一条重要途径。而了解自我不正是大学生活的一部分吗？Reading AReading A Task 51. John beer since he suffered from serious heart disease.2. This excellent girl was sent to Ms. Louis in to her demand for a suitable secretary.3. If you think there is not enough time for you to prepare that report, you can requi

18、re Tom to you.4. If we lose the contract, hundreds of jobs are .5. We need an immediate decision on this issue.Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from Task 4. Change forms if necessary. has gone offresponseassistat stakecriticalReading A Task 56. An earthquake has hit the capital

19、, causing among the population.7. As an experienced manager, he is able to with any problem in his work.8. That deal would create, , the worlds biggest airline.9. Williams his position as Mayor to give jobs to his friends.10. Wanting to do something helpful, the old lady making clothes for her neigh

20、bors children.paniccopein effectabusedwas engaged inReading A Task 61. We cannot afford to take risks when peoples lives are in danger.I have gone off novels written by Armstrong because of their similar style.We cannot afford to take risks when peoples lives are at stake.Rewrite each of the followi

21、ng sentences, using the words given below.2. I dont like to read novels written by Armstrong any more because they are of similar style.By asking for these particular qualifications, you are, in effect, excluding most women from applying.3. By asking for these particular qualifications, you are real

22、ly excluding most women from applying.Reading A Task 6Rewrite each of the following sentences, using the words given below.4. Climate change may be a big problem, but there are many little things we can do to help ease the situation.5. In the early 1930s and late 1940s, many countries were involved in World War II for different reasons.In the early 1930s and late 1940s, many countries were engaged in World War II for different reasons.Climate change may be a big problem, but there are many