英语语法一致关系课件

1、Agreement1、 语法一致语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况；2、 意义一致的原则：指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志.3.就近一致谓语与靠近的那个主语保持一致.1、 语法一致语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况；1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, rather than, in addition to, but, except , besides， like, including连接的两个主语，

2、其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。is Air, as well as water, _ matter.is2) 用and 连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。A hammer and a saw _ useful tools.areThe poet and writer_coming.is3)成对的名词，如bread and butter涂黄油的 面包，soda and water汽水，coffee and milk 加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，salt and water 盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概

3、念，作主 语时，谓语用单数。 A knife and fork _ on the table. Whisky and soda _ always his favorite drink.isis4)如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。Every boy and every girl in this village _ taught to read and write.No student and no teacher _ invited to the party. isis5)表示度量、价格、时间的复数名词词组作主语时一被看作一个

4、整体，谓语用单数形式。 Ten miles _ a good distance.is6) 动名词, 动词不定式或从句作主语， 其谓语用单数形式。Serving the people _ my greatest happiness.To master a foreign language _ very important.When well go out for an outing _ been decidedisishasntWhat we want _ another 20 people.are7)主语是“each of ”，时，其谓语用单数。 复数名词+ each作主语, 谓语动词用复数.

5、They each _ an English dictionary.Each of us _ something to say.havehas8)主语是none, neither, no等既可表示复数意 义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。但在代表 不可数概念时,谓语动词用单数.None of us_ perfect.None of us _ good swimmers.None of us _ a good swimmer.None of this _ me.(worry)are/isareisworries9)不定代词all, more, most, any, 等以及名词half, pa

6、rt, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。 Most of the apples_ rotten.Most of the apple _ eaten.werewas1o)“a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数； “ the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。A number of pupils _ reading picture-books. (like)The number of deer, lions and wild roses _ not change much if people leave things a

7、s they are.doeslike12)“的几分之几”和“的百分之几” 作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于 of 后的名词。Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ sea. 40 percent of the students in our class _ girls.isare13)主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式 主语是“one or two + 复数名词”， 其谓语用复数形式。 One and a half bananas _ left on the table. There _ one o

8、r two things Id like to know about.isare14) 由 many a 或 more than + 单数名词作 主语时，其谓语用单数形式。 Many a foreigner _ been to the Great Wall. More than one student _ visited the exhibition. hashas I, who _ your teacher, will teach you everything I know.She is the only one of these women who _ the violin. (play)

9、amplays15) 在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which, 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。16) “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。17)主语是a / this / that kind of +名词，谓语与 kind保持一致. 名词+ a / this / that kind , 谓语与名词保持 一致。 This kind of cloth _ soft. (feel)There _ different kinds of animals.This kind

10、of actors_ easily found.Actors of this kind _ easily found.feelsareareis18) 算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数， 其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。Five times four is (are) twenty. 2、 意义一致的原则：指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志. 类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, committee （委员会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, coun

11、cil （理事会）, village等。 His family _ all music lovers.His family _ very big. areis1)某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。2)主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes, trousers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有a pair of修饰时，谓语用单数。 My trousers _ new; There _ a pair of s

12、hoes in the box.areis3)主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词mathematics, politics, physics以及news, works (工厂)和用作书名The Arabian Nights、报纸名The new York Times国名The United States等都属复数形式，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。 Mathematics _ to be difficult to learn. (seem) A new means of teaching _ being used in that school.

13、 The United States _ a developed country. 注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。My mathematics _ weak.isseemsisare3) the +形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用 复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数. The rich _ not always happy. The new _ sure to replace the old.areis3.就近一致谓语与靠近的那个主语保持一致.1) 由here, there, where 引导的倒装句中.1)Here_ the bus.2)There _ a pen

14、and two books on the table.3)Where _ your wife and children ? comesisis2) 由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等连接的并列主语.1)Neither the students nor the teacher _ anything about it.2)He or you _taken my pen.knowshave 历年高考题A library with five thousand books_ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered

15、 B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered2. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging历年高考题3.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be4. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 5

16、. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept 6. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were D. has 历年高考题32. Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while? （20

17、08福建） A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion11. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _ like coal, gas and oil. （2008天津卷） A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products34. I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real_.（2008山东） A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business27. Shall

18、we go out for a walk? Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite me. I am too tired to walk. （2008江西卷） A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance21. The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.(2008湖北卷) A. prediction B. promise C. plan D. contribution22. The top leade