2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高三下学期5月模拟考试（一）英语试题

1、2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高三下学期5月模拟考试（一）英语试题第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分60分）第一节 (共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVisiting the MetMasters and Masterpieces: Chinese Art from the Florence and Herbert Irving Collection (January 30June 5)An outstanding selection of Chinese art gifted to the Met by Fl

2、orence and Herbert Irving is the focus of this exhibition. Beginning in the early 1970s, the Irvings built one of the most comprehensive collections of Chinese art in the world. The approximately 120 works on display cover almost all major categories of Chinese art.P.S. Art 2021 (January 23June 5)P.

3、S. Art is an annual celebration of achievement in the arts in New York City public schools. This exhibition showcases the creativity of 152 prekindergarten through grade 12 students from all five boroughs.Baseball Cards from the Collection of Jefferson R. Burdick (June 3November 22)The Burdick colle

4、ction of baseball cards tells the history of popular printmaking in the United States, In 1947, Jefferson R. Burdick began to give away his baseball cards to the Met. This exhibition features over one hundred cards produced between the 1880s and the 1950s.Relative Values: The Cost of Art in the Nort

5、hern Renaissance (January 23August 7)Bringing together sixty-two masterpieces of sixteenth-century northern European art from the Met collection and one important loan, this exhibition centers around questions of historical worth, exploring relative value systems in the Renaissance era.OpenSundayTue

6、sday and Thursday: 10:0017:00Friday and Saturday: 10:0021:00Closed WednesdayClosed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.Tickets$25 for adults; $17 for seniors; $12 for students; free for children under 12.1. What do “Masters and Masterpieces” and “Baseball Cards” hav

7、e in common?A. They end in the same month.B. They focus on the same theme.C. They get their exhibits for free.D. They have the same number of exhibits.2. Which exhibition suits those who favor students works?A. Masters and Masterpieces.B. P.S. Art 2021.C. Baseball Cards.D. Relative Values.3. When ca

8、n you attend an exhibition in the Met?A. 10:0017:00 Saturday.B. 18:0021:00 Thursday.C. 18:0021:00 Tuesday.D. 10:0017:00 Wednesday.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国大都会博物馆的四个艺术展。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Masters and Masterpieces部分的“An outstanding selection of Chinese art gifted to the Met by Florence and H

9、erbert Irving(Florence和Herbert Irving赠予大都会博物馆的杰出中国艺术品)”及Baseball Cards部分的“Jefferson R. Burdick began to give away his baseball cards to the Met(Jefferson R. Burdick开始把他的棒球卡送给大都会博物馆)”可知，这两个艺术展的展品都是由私人捐赠的。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据P.S. Art 2021部分的“This exhibition showcases the creativity of 152 prekindergarte

10、n through grade 12 students(这次展览展示了152名学前班到12年级的学生的创造力)”可知，本次展览展示了152名学龄前儿童至12年级学生的创造力，故适合那些喜欢学生作品的人参观。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Open部分的“Friday and Saturday: 10:0021:00(周五、周六：10:0021:00)”可知，周六的开放时间是10:0021:00，故选A。BWhen plumbing (水暖设备) makes funny noises, its not always a good sign. But John Kovac, a harpist

11、 (竖琴演奏者) from Virginia, likes the pipes to sing. He thinks plumbing pipes make good musical instruments.Kovac has made standard harps out of wood for more than 20 years. He says he feels excited when he creates an instrumentwith his hands and uses it to make music come alive. But it takes years of t

12、raining and special tools to make atraditionalmusical instrument. Kovac wanted to share the joy of making instrumentswith people who might not have the time or money to do it. So he decided to find an easier way.Plumbing was the answer. Kovac found PVC pipes at a local store. PVC pipes are the white

13、 tubing that many plumbers use. You might find some in your house under a sink or in the basement. Kovac says that PVC pipes are great for makinginstruments because they areinexpensive, come in many shapes and sizes, and fit together perfectly. Kovac makes harps, guitars, violins, and drums out of P

14、VC pipes. He also makes uncommon instrumentslike the udu from Nigeria. His instrumentsmay look as if they come from outer space, but they really work. He and some of his music students and friends even started a band called the East Coast PVC Band.Sally Seabright is a violin teacher who plays the PV

15、C violin with the band. At first, the rounded shape of the PVC violin made it difficult to hold between her chin and shoulder, but Kovac made a slight change by adding a piece that fits perfectly under her chin. That kind of adaptabilityis what Kovac admires about PVC. He says, “I know its not easy

16、for the average person to make a musical instrument, but I hope to enable anyone who has ever dreamed of making a violin, harp, or guitar to fulfill his or her dreams.”4. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2?A. The great hardships of being a harpist.B. The different instrumentsKovac ha

17、s created.C. The process of making a musical instrument.D. The reason Kovac came up with his creative idea.5. Why have PVC pipes won Kovacs favor?A. They are environmentallyfriendly.B. They are highly available and adaptable.C. They can make better sounds than wood.D. They offer a selling point for

18、his instruments.6. What can be learned about the PVC instrumentsfrom paragraph 4?A. They are a bit difficult to hold for players.B. They are very unusual in the way they look.C. They are inspired by outer space elements.D. They are designed to play traditionalmusic.7. Why does the author mention Sal

19、ly Seabright in the last paragraph?A. To explain Kovacs dream.B. To show the strength of PVC.C. To describe his passion for music.D. To introduce the East Coast PVC Band.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科瓦奇利用PVC管制作乐器的原因和它的优势所在。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Kovac wanted to share the joy of making ins

20、truments with people who might not have the time or money to do it. So he decided to find an easier way.(科瓦奇想与那些可能没有时间或金钱来制作乐器的人分享制作乐器的乐趣。所以他决定找一个更简单的方法。)”可推断，作者在第二段主要介绍科瓦奇产生创意的原因。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Kovac says that PVC pipes are great for making instruments because they are inexpensive, come in m

21、any shapes and sizes, and fit together perfectly.(科瓦奇说，PVC管是制造乐器的好材料，因为它们便宜，形状和尺寸多种多样，而且完美地结合在一起。)”可知，PVC管赢得了科瓦奇的青睐是因为它们的可用性和适应性很强。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“He also makes uncommon instruments like the udu from Nigeria. His instruments may look as if they come from outer space, but they really work.(他还制作

22、一些罕见的乐器，比如来自尼日利亚的udu。他的器械看起来像是来自外太空，但它们确实有效。)”可知，PVC器械的样子看起来很不寻常。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“At first, the rounded shape of the PVC violin made it difficult to hold between her chin and shoulder, but Kovac made a slight change by adding a piece that fits perfectly under her chin. That kind of adaptabilit

23、y is what Kovac admires about PVC.(起初，PVC小提琴的圆形形状让她很难把它放在下巴和肩膀之间，但科瓦奇做了一个细微的改变，在她的下巴下添加了一个完美的部件。这种适应性正是科瓦克欣赏PVC的地方。)”可推断，作者在最后一段提到Sally Seabright，是为了展示PVC的具有很强适应性的优势。故选B。CA homeowner in Massachusetts had a surprise visitor that came down the chimney (烟囱). and it wasnt Santa. A barred owl (横斑林鸮) was

24、sitting in the fireplace in a home in the city of Bolton, staring at the homeowner. Not sure how to deal with the bird, the homeowner called Mass Wildlife.“This individual was very calm and we simply reached in, gently grabbed it, and placed it in the animal carrier,” Mass Wildlife Central District

25、Manager Todd Olanyk says. Before releasing the owl, Olanyk examined the bird for injuries and found none. “It was released just outside the house where it was found,” he says.Wildlife experts say barred owls may find chimneys enticing during this time of year because they begin laying eggs from Febr

26、uary through May. Since they dont build their own nests, they look for holes. Mass Wildlife has also received similar reports of this happening with other birds. To help prevent wild animals like birds and bats from entering your home, Mass Wildlife suggests placing a metal cap with a screen on your

27、 chimney. Chimneys arent the only places that pose a danger to birds and other wildlife.According to a 2014 study, 27% of the more than 100 uncapped bollards (路桩) had dead birds inside them. Bollards are used for traffic control or building security. Theyre usually capped but in this case, many of t

28、hese posts were left open. They also looked at 88 open pipes used as gate posts and 11% contained dead birds. In another study on a nearby highway, 14% of the open pipes had dead birds. “The birds likely investigate the open pipe as a potential nesting site, and once inside they cannot climb the smo

29、oth metal or extend their wings to fly out. Alternatively, birds may attempt to land on the upright open pipes and then fall in,” the researchers wrote.8. What did Olanyk find about the owl?A. It looked anxious.B. It was looking for a baby.C. It was in good shape.D. It missed its owner.9. What does

30、the underlined word “enticing” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Narrow.B. Attractive.C. Choking.D. Confusing.10. Which measure would Mass Wildlife agree with to protect birds?A. Making large carriers.B. Cleaning chimneys regularly.C. Fixing cameras on bollards.D. Placing caps on open pipes.11. What is the pur

31、pose of this text?A. To tell a story.B. To introduce a bird.C. To analyze a phenomenon.D. To advertise an organization.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马萨诸塞州的一户人家迎来了一位不速之客横斑林鸮。文章从意外闯入烟囱的横斑林鸮入手，分析了鸟为什么会飞到烟囱、路桩及管道里，并陈述了Mass Wildlife提出的建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This individual was very calm(这

32、只鸟非常冷静)”和“Olanyk examined the bird for injuries and found none(奥兰尼克检查了这只鸟的伤势，没有发现任何损伤)”可知，这只横斑林鸮非常镇静，也没有受伤，状况良好。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“because they begin laying eggs from February through May. Since they dont build their own nests, they look for holes(因为它们从2月到5月开始产卵。因为它们不自己筑巢，所以它们会找洞)”可知，横斑林鸮不筑巢，而是

33、找洞去孵蛋。故此推断烟囱对它们有“吸引力”。enticing意为“有吸引力的”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They also looked at 88 open pipes used as gate posts and 11% contained dead birds. In another study on a nearby highway, 14% of the open pipes had dead birds.( 他们还观察了88个用作门柱的开放管道，11%的管道里有死鸟。在附近高速公路的另一项研究中，14%的开放管道有鸟类死亡。)”可知，这些路桩和管道是开口

34、的，再结合第三段中的“Mass Wildlife suggests placing a metal cap with a screen on your chimney(Mass Wildlife建议在你的烟囱上放一个带屏幕的金属盖子)”可推知，在开口的管子上安装盖子可以防止鸟进入。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文从意外闯入烟囱的横斑林鸮入手，分析了鸟为什么会飞到烟囱、路桩及管道里，并陈述了Mass Wildlife提出的建议。由此可推知，文章的写作目的是为了分析一个现象。故选C。DHow might architecture aid in solving the housing cris

35、is and help build a more sustainable future? In 2019, 3D printing company WASP and Mario Cucinella Architects (MCA) revealed their concept to design the first 3D printed house made entirely from clay. Today, the joint project, known as TECLA, is finally complete and on display near Bologna, Italy.Ov

36、er the past few years, a number of 3D printed homes and communities have been conceptualized. While previous structures were made from concrete or plastic, TECLA was built from soil found at the site mixed with water, fibers from rice husks (壳) and a binder (粘合剂), the last of which is less than 5% o

37、f the total volume. Printing with clay does have its weaknesses. Its a much slower process than quick-drying concrete the design can be printed in 200 hours but the clay mixture can take weeks to dry, depending on climate, and it also has height limitations.Building homes from earth, Cucinella point

38、ed out, is not new. “The challenge was really using an old material in the history of architecture with new technology to find a new shape of a house,” Cucinella said. To that end, the Crane WASP printers mixed water with the local earth, and then printed the 60-square-meter TECLA model layer by lay

39、er. The design features two circular spaces joined together with skylights, inviting full natural light inside. The residence includes a living area, a bedroom and bathroom. Its furniture, including tables and chairs, can also be printed using WASPs machinery, while components like doors and windows

40、 were fixed post-printing.The idea behind TECLA isnt necessarily to copy the same home for any environment, but to adjust the design based on the location. “We are not producing one type of house that you can print and use everywhere, because its different if you design a house in the north of Italy

41、, or in the middle of Africa,” Cucinella explained. “The house responds to different climates.” Additionally, the building process can be easily taught and widely used.12. What is the disadvantage of printing with clay?A. 3D printers are costly.B. Clay is not strong enough.C. Its not easy to mix ric

42、e husks with clay.D. It takes a long time to dry the mixture.13. Which of the following best describes TECLA?A. It is air-conditioned.B. It is the first 3D printed house.C. It is fully equipped.D. It adopts a solar heating system.14. What is the significance of TECLA?A. It adapts to different climat

43、es.B. It limits the height of buildings.C. It uses few binders in printing.D. It can be moved without effort.15. What is the best title for the text?A. The challenges for 3D printingB. Is this 3D printed home the future of housing?C. The ways to renew 3D printing machineryD. Can we simplify the inst

44、ructions on 3D printing?【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了3D打印房屋的优势和发展前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Printing with clay does have its weaknesses. Its a much slower process than quick-drying concrete the design can be printed in 200 hours but the clay mixture can take weeks to dry, depending on

45、 climate, and it also has height limitations.(用粘土印刷确实有它的弱点。这是一个比快干混凝土慢得多的过程设计可以在200小时内打印出来，但粘土混合物可能需要数周时间才能干燥，这取决于气候，而且它也有高度限制。)”可知，粘土印刷的缺点是需要很长时间来干燥混合物。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The residence includes a living area, a bedroom and bathroom. Its furniture, including tables and chairs, can also be printe

46、d using WASPs machinery, while components like doors and windows were fixed post-printing.(住宅包括一个起居区、一间卧室和一间浴室。包括桌椅在内的家具也可以使用WASP的机器进行打印，而门和窗等部件则是在打印后进行固定的。)”可知，TECLA模型房子设备齐全。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The house responds to different climates.(房子能适应不同的气候。)”可知，TECLA的重要性是它能适应不同的气候。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“

47、How might architecture aid in solving the housing crisis and help build a more sustainable future?(建筑如何帮助解决住房危机，帮助建设一个更可持续的未来?)”以及下文讲述的是3D打印房屋的优势，可知，文章主要探讨的是3D打印房屋是未来的住房这一前景问题。所以“Is this 3D printed home the future of housing?(3D打印房屋是未来的住房吗?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白

48、处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether youre in high school or college, classes will be over in a few short months. If youd like to work this summer, have you started looking for a job? If not, nows the time to search for positions, fill out applications, and get yourself hired. To get the process started, foll

49、ow our tips below.Make or update your resume. Even if potential positions require you to submit an application, some may also ask for anaccompanyingresume. _16_ You can also use free online tools to easily create a resume in minutes.Look ahead. _17_ Think forward to your hopes for the future, and tr

50、y to find a position that might help you develop relevant skills or make helpful contacts.Drop by. If theres a certain place where youre interested in working, put on an appropriateoutfit (装束), get your resume in hand, and drop by. _18_ Be ready to give your 30-second speech that answers two questio

51、ns: “Why do you want to work here?” and “Why should I hire you?”_19_ You might need to providereferencesto a potential employer, so chat with former bosses, current mentors (导师), and anyone else you want to include on your list.Remember, its important to get started on the summer job search now, as

52、so many others will be looking for seasonal work. _20_ Keep looking foropportunities, using your networks, and thinking creatively. Soon youll have something lined up to keep you busy and earn you money for the summer months.A. Get your referenceslined up.B. Ask to speak with the manager.C. Contact

53、former employers immediately.D. What do you want to do after you graduate from college?E. It might make sense for you to stay in your college town or city.F. Drop by the career services office at your school for resume help.G. And dont getdiscouragedif you cant find something immediately.【答案】16. F 1

54、7. D 18. B 19. A 20. G【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文，介绍了几点假期找工作的建议。【16题详解】根据空后“You can also use free online tools to easily create a resume in minutes.（你也可以用网上免费的软件，简单地在几分钟内做一份简历。）”可知，空后提出了制作简历的方法，且根据本句的also可知，本空也应介绍制作简历的方法，故F项“去学校的就业服务办公室询问如何制作简历”符合语境，可以去学校就业办公室询问制作简历的方法，也可以用网上的免费软件制作一个，故选F项。【17题详解】根据空后“Think for

55、ward to your hopes for the future, and try to find a position that might help you develop relevant skills or make helpful contacts.（想想你对未来的期望，然后找一个能帮助你培养相关技能或提供帮助的职业。）”可知，空后提出寻找的职业要符合自己对未来的期望，并且对其相关技能有所帮助，故D项“毕业后你想干什么呢？”符合语境，本空提出疑问，空后解答要根据自己对未来的期望来选择职业，且能培养相关技能，故选D项。【18题详解】根据空前“If theres a certain p

56、lace where youre interested in working, put on an appropriate outfit (装束), get your resume in hand, and drop by.（如果有一份你感兴趣的职位，穿上正装，拿上简历，前往那个公司。）”以及空后“Be ready to give your 30-second speech that answers two questions: “Why do you want to work here?” and “Why should I hire you?”（准备好30秒的演讲，内容主要关于“你为什么想

57、要在此工作”以及“我们为什么要选择雇佣你”这两个问题。）”可知，空前提到感兴趣的话，就去公司，空后说明去公司的目的，毛遂自荐，故B项“要求与经理见面”符合语境，去公司要求见经理，向经理毛遂自荐，回答问题，故选B项。【19题详解】根据空后“You might need to provide references to a potential employer, so chat with former bosses, current mentors (导师), and anyone else you want to include on your list. （你也许需要为潜在老板提供推荐信，因此

58、与之前的老板和现在的导师以及任何你想要列入名单的人聊天。）”可知，空后提出要为潜在的老板提供推荐信，因此要与之前的老板和导师聊天，让他们为你写推荐信，故A项“准备好你的推荐信”符合语境，本空提出要准备推荐信，空后提出如何得到推荐信，故选A项。【20题详解】根据空后“Keep looking for opportunities, using your networks, and thinking creatively. Soon youll have something lined up to keep you busy and earn you money for the summer mon

59、ths.（要不断寻找机会，利用你的人际关系，创造性的思维。很快你就会有事情让你忙起来，在假期挣钱。）”可知，空后是G项“如果你不能马上就找到工作，也不要气馁”的顺义承接，即使不能马上就找到工作，也不要感到气馁，要一直坚持寻找，最终你会让自己忙起来的，故选G项。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In Laura Ingalls Wilders autobiography These Happy Golden Years, Laura spends her

60、weekdays boarding with a poor family while teaching in a school. On the _21_, she goes home to Ma and Pa. In one scene, she identifies a major _22_ between the two homes: her own family says good morning while the other doesnt. “Laura had never _23_ before that saying good morning made the morning g