2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高三下学期二模英语试题

1、2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高三下学期二模英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. What is Dave going to do tomorrow?A. Write an essay. B. Take a test. C. Go camping.

2、2. What is Olivia doing?A. Shes reading job ads. B. Shes editing a paper. C. Shes watching the news.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Teaching methods. B. Online learning. C. English culture.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Check the websites. B. Change to a new airline. C. Book

3、a ticket in advance.5. Why is the woman unhappy with Jason?A. He broke a company rule. B. He was absent from work. C. He lost an important report.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6

4、、7题。6. Where are the speakers going to have a picnic?A. On the beach. B. In the woods. C. By the lake.7. What will the woman probably do after the picnic?A Do some reading. B. Go swimming. C. Ride a bike.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the womans major now?A. Political science. B. Biology. C. Psychology.9

5、. What makes the woman change her mind?A. Extra classes. B. Difficult exams. C. Delays in graduation.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Why will Mark go to California?A. To train a new manager. B. To open a branch store. C. To do a sales analysis.11. How long will Marks work probably take in California?A. Two day

6、s. B. One week. C. Two weeks.12. Who might go to California with Mark?A. Peter. B. Jack. C. Lisa.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.13. What is Susan doing?A. Shes teaching geography. B. Shes introducing an art form. C. Shes conducting an interview.14. What is Charlie?A. A writer. B. A researcher. C. A photographer.1

7、5. How did the Amazon people react to Charlies visit?A. Defensively. B. Favorably. C. Angrily.16. What does Charlie want to show through his works?A. The natural beauty of the Amazon. B. The damage done to the rain forests. C. The happy side of the local life.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.17. Why is the plan fo

8、r the visitors changed?A. Lack of time. B. Bad weather. C. Budget cuts.18 What does the speaker say about the museums at South Kensington?A. They are free on Thursdays. B. They are close to each other. C. They are open on different days.19. When will the speaker probably leave the National History M

9、useum?A. At 1 pm. B. At 3 pm. C. At 6 pm.20. What is the last stop of the tour?A. The National Gallery. B. The Science Museum. C. Victoria and Albert Museum.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADo you like reading? What would you like to read? Here are four rec

10、ommendations from trusted critics.A Greenglass House StoryKate Milford, illustrated by Nicole WongTwelve guests, trapped at the Blue Vein Tavern by rising floodwaters, tell stories to pass the time. With tales that cross over between storytelling and reality, what starts as a series of unrelated tal

11、es weaves (编织) together into something smart and tight. A puzzle book that adults may enjoy just as much as its intended child audience. (For ages 4 to 8)Someone Builds the DreamLisa Wheeler, illustrated by Loren LongSomeone Builds the Dream is a celebration of the cooperative spirit and a proof to

12、what we can achieve if we work together. And after having the curtain pulled back like this, children (and probably many grown-ups) will look at the world around them with fresh eyes. (For ages 5 to 8)The Boy and the SeaCamille Andros, illustrated by Amy BatesFollowing a young boy over a lifetime, C

13、amille Andros story flows back with a comforting rhythm while Amy Bates timeless artwork washes over you. As the boy grows older, he returns regularly to the sea looking for answers but discovers something more valuable: visual angle. (For ages 4 to 8)Magic CandiesHeena Baek, translated by Sophie Bo

14、wmanWhen Tong Tong purchases a bag of strange, round candies, he discovers that each one allows him to hear the hidden speech of someone, or something. Honestly, who wouldnt want to hear what the leaves have to say? Youll also be sure to treat your chair with greater kindness after a single read. (F

15、or ages 4 to 8)1. What do the books by Kate Milford and Lisa Wheeler have in common?A. They are both puzzle books.B. They may attract adult readers.C. They both focus on cooperation.D. They are for children aged 4 to 8.2. Which book best suits children who are curious about others secrets?A. A Green

16、glass House Story.B. Someone Builds the Dream.C. Magic Candies.D. The Boy and the Sea.3. Who illustrated the story about a boy who discovered visual angle?A. Nicole Wong.B. Loren Long.C. Sophie Bowman.D. Amy Bates.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了四本儿童阅读书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据A Greenglass House Story部

17、分的“A puzzle book that adults may enjoy just as much as its intended child audience.(这是一本专为孩子设计的智力测试书，成年人也许也会同样喜欢)”和Someone Builds the Dream部分的“children (and probably many grown-ups) will look at the world around them with fresh eyes.(孩子（可能很多成年人）会以新的态度来看待周围的世界)”可知，这两本书的共同点在于他们都可能吸引成年人，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题

18、。根据Magic Candies部分“When Tong Tong purchases a bag of strange, round candies, he discovers that each one allows him to hear the hidden speech of someone, or something.(当童童买了一袋奇怪的圆形的糖果时，他发现每一颗糖果都能让他听到某人隐藏起来的话)”可知，Magic Candies适合对其他人的秘密感到好奇的孩子阅读。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据The Boy and the Sea部分中“Camille Andros,

19、illustrated by Amy Bates(卡米尔安德罗斯，艾米贝茨插图)”以及“As the boy grows older, he returns regularly to the sea looking for answers but discovers something more valuable: visual angle.(随着年龄的增长，男孩经常回到大海中寻找答案，但他发现了更有价值的东西：视角)”可知，Amy Bates为一个发现视角的男孩的故事配了插图。故选D。BAlthough it is a business not many are aware of, side

20、walk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales of $1 billion within a decade. These four-or six-wheeled autonomous machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries in America, China and Europe, which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being dev

21、eloped.Those bigger vehicles are held back not by technology but regulation. This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem, which is hardly labour-saving. For these larger vehicles, regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. In January 2022, Brit

22、ains Law Commission, which reviews lawmaking, recommended that it should not be the person in the drivers seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.However, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. For ex

23、ample, Starship Technologies, based in San Francisco, estimates it has already clocked up more than 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities, universities and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine. Kiwibot, a Colombian star

24、tup, is making sidewalk deliveries in California. Udelv, a Californian firm, is developing a larger type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.Sidewalk robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors, including cameras, radar and GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and peop

25、le. Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks them for goods to be removed. As they are small, move slowly and are “telemonitored” by people in a control room who can take over, authorities seem more willing to give them a green light.Such robots are becoming more autonomous

26、. Being much further along the road in earning their keep, these delivery robots are helping to pave the way for the time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.4. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Problems caused by autonomous cars.B. Suggestions for producing intelligent robots.C. Challen

27、ges faced by large driverless vehicles.D. The innovative technology of delivery vehicles.5. Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 3?A. To prove the safety of autonomous machines.B. To present the development of sidewalk robots.C. To encourage the public to create more robots.D. To show

28、 the advantages of self-driving technology.6. What can we know about sidewalk robots?A. They are environmentally friendly.B. They can distinguish traffic lights on the road.C. They make deliveries faster than ordinary trucks.D. They make it easy for people to track the delivery process.7. Which sect

29、ion of a magazine is this text probably taken from?A. Sports and music.B. Business and culture.C. Science and technology.D. Nature and geography.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人行道机器人已经在美国、中国和欧洲运送食品杂货，这使它们领先于许多正在研发的无人驾驶汽车和卡车。介绍了大型无人驾驶汽车面临的挑战以及人行道机器人的发展。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Those bigger ve

30、hicles are held back not by technology but regulation. This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem, which is hardly labour-saving. For these larger vehicles, regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. In January 2022, Britains Law Commission, w

31、hich reviews lawmaking, recommended that it should not be the person in the drivers seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.(那些更大的汽车不是受到技术的限制，而是受到监管的限制。这意味着车上要有一名“安全司机”，随时准备在出现问题时接管工作，这很难节省劳动力。对于这些大型车辆，监管机构

32、希望看到安全系统得到彻底验证。2022年1月，负责审查立法的英国法律委员会建议，如果一辆处于自动驾驶模式的车辆发生事故，被起诉的不应该是驾驶座位上的人，而是制造商或寻求批准使用该车辆的机构)”可知，第二段主要讲的是大型无人驾驶汽车面临的挑战。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. For example, Starship Technologies, based in San Francisco, estimates it has already clocked up more th

33、an 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities, universities and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine. Kiwibot, a Colombian startup, is making sidewalk deliveries in California. Udelv, a Californian firm, is developing a larg

34、er type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.(然而，人行道机器人正在继续这项工作。例如，总部位于旧金山的Starship Technologies估计，在欧洲和美国的一些城市、大学和商业园区，该公司已经用机器人完成了超过250万次送货。亚马逊正在使用类似的机器进行试验。哥伦比亚初创公司Kiwibot正在加州的人行道上提供外卖服务。加州公司Udelv正在开发一种更大的名为Transporter的机器，以高速公路的速度运行)”可推知，作者在第三段中给出了一些例子是为了介绍人行道机器人的发展。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数

35、第二段中“Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks them for goods to be removed.(它们的进程可以在一款手机应用程序上监控，该应用程序还可以解锁它们，以便将商品移除)”可知，人行道机器人使人们很容易跟踪送货过程。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Although it is a business not many are aware of, sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales

36、 of $1 billion within a decade. These four-or six-wheeled autonomous machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries in America, China and Europe, which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being developed.(虽然很多人都不知道这个行业，但在十年内，人行道机器人将成为一个年销售额达到10亿美元的行业。这些四到六

37、个轮子的自动机器，通常只有行李箱大小，已经在美国、中国和欧洲运送食品杂货，这使它们领先于许多正在研发的无人驾驶汽车和卡车)”结合文章还介绍了大型无人驾驶汽车面临的挑战以及人行道机器人的发展推知，文章可能选自杂志的“科学与技术”版面。故选C。CThey say procrastination (拖延) is the thief of time actually deadlines are. New research has found that if you want someone to help you out with something, it is best not to set a

38、deadline at all. But if you do set a deadline, make it short. Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. Participants were invited to complete an online survey concerning a charity donation. They were given either one week, one month, or no

39、deadline to respond. Professor Knowles says although the topic of the survey was about charity, the results are true of any situation where someone asks another person for help. The study found responses to the survey were lowest for the one-month deadline and highest when no deadline was specified

40、(明确规定). No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. Professor Knowles wasnt surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared t

41、o a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified. “We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act,” he says. “People therefo

42、re put off undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive or forget, postponing it results in lower response rates.”He says of the research that it is possible that not specifying a deadline might still have led participants to assume that there is an unspoken deadline. Professor Knowles hopes

43、 his research can help reduce the amount of procrastinating people do. “Many people procrastinate. They have the best intentions of helping someone out, but just do not get around to doing it.”8. Why did Professor Knowles do the research?A. To study the role a deadline plays in procrastination.B. To

44、 find out whether people are interested in charity.C. To attract public attention to the effects of procrastination.D. To test the effect of procrastination on task completion.9. What most likely leads to procrastination?A. No deadlines.B. Short deadlines.C. Specific deadlines.D. Long deadlines.10.

45、Why do people procrastinate when given a long deadline?A. They oppose the deadline.B. They are unwilling to act.C. They lack a sense of urgency.D. They are too busy to remember.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Procrastination the Thief of TimeB. Procrastination an Urgent

46、Problem to SolveC. Deadline a Result of ProcrastinationD. Deadline the Key to Reducing Procrastination【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们拖延与设定截止日期的时间长短有关。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. (Stephen

47、 Knowles教授在他们的研究中测试了截止日期长度对任务完成的影响)”可推知，Stephen Knowles教授做这项研究是为了研究设定截止日期对拖延这一行为的影响。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget (设定很长的截止日期似乎允许人们拖延，然后忘记)”可知，设定很长的截止日期最有可能导致拖延。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“We interpret this as evidence th

48、at specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act (我们将此解释为，设定一个更长的截止日期，而不是一个短的截止日期或根本没有截止日期，会消除采取行动的紧迫性)”可知，人们在拥有很长的截止日期时会拖延，主要原因是过长的截止日期会导致人们缺乏紧迫感。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“They say procrastination is the thief of time actually d

49、eadlines are. (人们说拖延是时间的小偷实际上截止日期才是罪魁祸首)”以及第三段“specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. (与较长的截止日期相比，指定较短的截止日期可以增加收到回复的机会)”可推知，本文主要介绍了设定截止日期的长短会影响人们做事是否拖延。D项“Deadline the Key to Reducing Procrastination (截止日期减少拖延的关键)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D

50、项。DIf youve ever felt a rush of intense emotion, then youve probably also experienced the crash that comes when those emotions gradually become less strong. Although we usually think of exhaustion (精疲力竭) in physical terms, it can also be mental. One of the contributors to mental exhaustion is high-i

51、ntensity emotions. Too many of these high-intensity emotions, whether they are positive or negative, can lead to burnout.Psychologists divide emotions into two dimensions, which includes high and low intensity, as well as positive and negative. High-intensity positive emotions include excitement or

52、elation, while low-intensity positive emotions include calmness, or contentment. When it comes to negative emotions, high-intensity emotions include anger, anxiety, and fear, while low-intensity emotions include sadness, boredom, and tiredness.Its easy to see how high-intensity negative emotions lik

53、e anger can be exhausting. What we dont think about as much is the fact that high intensity positive emotions are also exhausting, although in a way that feels very different.Excitement, even when it is fun, involves what psychologists call “physiological arousal”- activation of our sympathetic syst

54、em. High-intensity positive emotions involve the same physiological arousal as high-intensity negative emotions. Our heart rate increases, and our sweat glands (腺) activate. Because it activates the bodys stress response, excitement can deplete our system when sustained over longer periods. In other

55、 words, high intensity - whether its from negative states or positive states- exhausts the body.About 15-20% of people are thought to be highly sensitive. As they cycle through the highs and lows of life, the increased amount of intensity leaves them more exhausted than others.This isnt to say that

56、we should never feel intense emotions. Emotional variety is an essential aspect of life, one that adds a depth and richness that we need. However, what we need to be mindful of is balance. There will be the exciting days, as well as the days when stress and anxiety are what push you through the toug

57、h times, but there are other, lower-intensity emotions that will serve us well in many other situations.12. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. The functions of emotions.B. The definition of emotions.C. The categories of emotions.D. The expression of emotions.13. What does the underlined word “dep

58、lete” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Set off.B. Build up.C. Stand for.D. Burn out.14. How can we manage the stress of high-intensity emotions?A. Enrich our daily lives.B. Avoid intense emotions.C. Create emotional balance.D. Detect the cause of anxiety.15. Which of the following is a suitable title

59、 for the text?A. Why psychologists are more exhaustedB. How high-intensity emotions wear us outC. Why high-intensity negative emotions are tiringD. How psychologists explain the effects of emotions【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述高强度情绪，无论是积极的还是消极的，都会使人精疲力竭。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Psycholog

60、ists divide emotions into two dimensions, which includes high and low intensity, as well as positive and negative.”(心理学家把情绪分为两个维度，包括高强度和低强度，以及积极和消极。)可知，这一段主要讲述情绪的分类。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Because it activates the bodys stress response, excitement can deplete our system when sustained over longer per