短lecture分学科课后作业艺术文学

1、Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)艺术、文学1. Rock BalletGood evening. My name is Pam Jones, and on behalf of代表 现代舞n. 版本摇滚芭蕾the Modern Dance club, Id like toe you to tonightsprogram. The club is pleased to present the TV verofThe Catherine Wheel, Twylarps rock ballet.This sucversfulwiof the udi

2、enballes been evenmorentheoriginaltheateranimation, slow motion, andadj.原版、最初的n. 动画/ n.慢动作n. 暂停v. 涉及、提及production. It includes somestop-action freezest really help the audience understandthe dance. The title of thece refers to SaCatherine,who died on a wheel in 307 A.D. Nowadays, a Catherine wheel i

3、s also a kind of firework. It looks something like an.n.n.v.焰火轮转焰火 努力、尝试对抗pinwheel. Anyway, the Youll see how Twyla confront thedance is certainly full of fireworks! rp explores one familys attempt to odern life. The central symbol ofthe work is always created you can figureapple, but exactly what i

4、t represents has a lot of controversy. As you watch, see if it out. The music for this piece is full of then. 菠萝n. 争议v. 弄明白 adj. 节奏的摇滚乐队rhythmic energy of rock music. It was comed by DavidByrne. Of dancer suited tothe rock band Talking Heads? And the leadhis verwas Sara Rudner, who is perfectlyn.n.领

5、舞编舞rps adventurous choreography. Following the, dance teacher Mary Parker will lead a discusabout the stay for support.symbolism Ms.t. So, enjoy tonightsrpused. We hope you cann.象征、符号意义andnk you for your1Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)2. PhotographyYou may remembert a fewks ago we discus

6、sed thequestion of what photography is. Is it art, or is it a methodn. 摄影、摄影术ofreproducingimages?Dophotographsbelonginmuseums or just in our homes? Today I want to talk about awho tried to make his profesal life an answer toadj.职业的、专业的such questions. Alfred Stieglitz went from the United S es to Ger

7、many to study engineering. While he was there, he became erested in photography and began to experimentwith his camera. He took pictures under conditionstmost photographers considered too difficult. He took them at night, he rain, and of people and objects reflected in windows. When he returned to t

8、he United S es he continued these revolutionary efforts. Stieglitz was theto photograph skyscr rs, clouds, and views fromn. 摄影师v. 反射n. 摩天an airplane. What Stieglitz was trying ton thesephotographs was what he tried to do throughout his life:make photography an art. He feltt photography could bejust

9、as good a form of self-expresas paing or自我表达n. 画笔drawing. For Stieglitz, his camera was his brush. While many photographers of the late 1800s and early 1900s thought of their work as a reproduction of identical images, Stieglitz saw his as a creative art form.n. 再现、繁殖adj.同一的He understood theer of th

10、e camera to capture themoment. In fact, he never retouched his prs or maden.copies of them. If he werehis classroom today, Im surehed say, Well, paers dont normally make extra copies oftheir paings, do they?2Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)3. RegionalismOne important thing about art movem

11、ents ist theirpopularity can be affected by sol conditions, which aren. 流行，普及n. 事件themselves often affected by historical events. As anexle, look at whappenedhe United Ses earlyhe20thcentury,aroundthetimeoftheGreat大时期Depres had begun occurred. But it really, the art movement known as the Regionalism

12、20 世纪 30-40 年代一批地方主义艺术家的风格v. 繁荣he United Ses even before the depresflourishedhe 1930s, during the depresyears. Why? Well, many artists who had been living in big cities were forced by the economic crisis to leave those big cities and move back to their small towns in rural America. And some of these

13、 artists came to truly embrace the life in small towns and to eject city life in so-called society”.经济adj. 乡下的农村的v. 拥抱，热忱接受v. 放 弃 ， 离 开 /adj. 成老道的These artists or specifically certain paregionalist movement.They created scenes of everyday life inersreally builtadv. 特定地明确地地方主义运动small towns orfarming

14、areas. And their style was not all neutral, really bigadj. 中性的v. 赞扬/ v. 浪漫化adj. 益于健康的/glorified or romized country life, showing it stable,wholesome, and embodying important American traditions.And this styecame very popular, in part because of thev.体现economic conditions of the time. You see, the De

15、preshad caused many Americans to bego doubt their society. t glorified American could easily identifyBut regionalist artists paed scenesvalues, scenest many Americansv.v.v.认同巩固、加强削弱with. So the movement helped strengthen peoples faith intheir country, faithd weakened as a result of the he 1940s， bef

16、ore and after the Seconddepres. ButWorld War. American culture began to take on a muorev.v.获得、占领聚焦、关注ernational spirit, and Regionalism, with its focus on small town life, well, it lost a lot of popularity, as American society changed once again.3Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)4.Beecher

17、StoweContinuing our survey of the 19th century, lets take a look now at Harriet Beecher Stowe. Now Stowe is best knownn.，审视夫人叔叔的小屋艰苦恶劣，严峻种植园for her nove cle harshness of plan extremely popularToms Cabin, a bookt details theion lifehe south. The book wasn.n.he United Ses as well as in othercountries.

18、 Ironically though, for the attention given to Uncle Toms Cabin, it is far from Stowes best work. She did writeadv. 说反话地，讽刺地one other novel about life work has nothinghe south. But much of her bestth the sout all. In fact,与.没联系没关系Stowes best writing is about village lifehe New Englandseshe 19th cent

19、ury. In recording the customs of thevillages she wrote about, Stowe claimedt h was to reflect the images as realistically asuresible. Shev. 反映pl.（书、影片等中情节发生的）背景n. 先驱现实主义运动n. 方言usually succeeded, for her settings were often described actually and in detail.his sense, she was an important forerunner t

20、o therealistic movementt became popular laterhe 19thcentury. She was one of thewriters to use local dialectfor her characters when they spoke. And she did this for thirty years before Mark Twain popularized the use of local dialect. It makes sense t Stowe would write about Newv. 普及England life, sinh

21、e was born in Connecticut. As a康乃狄格 (北部州名)东young woman there, she worked as a teacher. The teachingjob helped lead to herpublished work, a geographybook for children. Later, when she was married, her writinghelped to support her family finanshe wrote poems, travel books,lly. Throughout her life,sket

22、ches andadv. 经济上传略childrens books as well as novels for adults.4Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)5. PoemOkay. Uh, you remembert Ive mentionedt itsimportant to read the assigned poems aloud, so you canv. 布置develop an appretion of the sounds of the poetry: then.n.n.赏析/ n. 诗歌押韵/ n. 节奏相互影响rhym

23、es, the rhythm, the repetition of words or sounds, andto get a sense of thelay betn the sounds of thewords and their meaning. This is really critical as we moveo modern poetry, espelly by writers who plao muchimportance on soundst the meaning relevant, like this line by Gertrude Stees all better hat

24、 Id like toquote. Listen. Listen as I say the words: “Rose is a rose is arose is a rose.” Taken lily, this would seem to be anadv. 照字面地，逐字地empty sement,hich gives us no information. But thepure of a poem need not be to inform the reader ofanything, but rather to evoke feelings, to create a,adj. 感觉的感

25、官的adv. 美学观点上地aesthetically pleasing experience. Now Gertrude Stein wasbetter known for hrosen for hoems. But Id likey, and because In.n.n.散文音感, 音乐性意识，注意to quote this line because of itsthinkithelpsopenupourawarenesstothelyricism of contemporary poets.adj. 非传统的/ n.抒情诗体;抒情语句Youll see this in yourpoetr

26、y of John Ashbery, espetonight as you lly if you read itreadtheout loud,which Imend you do. Poets like Ashbery dont rely somuch on any formal rhyme, scheme or meter as on the musical quality of the individual words themselves.As I said, Stein was better known for her non-poetical work. And now Id li

27、ke to touch briefly on her essay entitled “Conversation and Explanation”. This work deals with her theory of writing and will help to explain some of the things weve been talking about.n. 系统体系、规律n. 格律韵律、节拍非诗歌的v. 给题名或命名和诠释5Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)6. JazzOk, so in our last class we

28、were discussing big bandsswing music. You remember, this was a kind of dance摇摆舞音乐music wisteady rhythm. But today we deal withtn. 节奏爵士乐队n. 爵士乐的一种adj. 无规律的sort of music played by smaller jazz bands. Its calledbebop. Now bebop makes use all sorts of new types ofrhythms, some of themvery irregular. We

29、will talk more I wanna talk about some of theaboutt later. But elementssoltIbevecontributedtothev.，导致development of bebop music.To do this, we have to look at when bebop arose andarise:激起唤起starteding so popular which was from the late 1930sthrough the 1940s from the time of the Great Depres大时期第二次v.

30、引起，创造n. 下降， adv. 极大地 n.v. 征税，强加righto the 2nd World War. Now one factort certainlyhelped create the environment for bebop music was thedecline of the United Ses economy. During the GreatDepres few, the economy suffered tremendously, andeople had money to spend on entertaent. Thened a newduring the 2

31、nd World War, theernment imtaxonpublicentertaent,whatyoumightcallperformance tax. Theernment collected money on演出税performan singing, but not included any types of acting, dancing orrumental music. So to avoid this new器乐tax, some jazz bands stop using singers altogether. Theystarted relying on the cr

32、eativity of theinstrumentalist to ands did. Nown.创造力attract audien. This was what bebremember a lot of big bands had singers. So the instrumentalists simply played and had occaal solos while the melody to the songs, but not bebhe background singers sang the ands. So then.n.n.乐器演奏家独奏曲适于歌唱的诗instrument

33、alists had muore freedom to be creative. Sothey experimented playing the music faster and using new irregular sorts of rhythms.v.进行实验，试验6Script of TOEFL iBT Listening Section (SLi)7. HomerWere going to start out discusof poetry in WesternEurope with The Iliad and The Odyssey. These two great poemsst

34、andoutasgreatexlesoftheearst1/ 奥德赛European poems. They are beved to have been writtensome time betn 800 BC and 700 BC, partly because thepoems refer to the sol conditions oft time, conditionsv. 使有效，确认/ pl. 研究；发现/n. 考古学家n. 基石v. 归因于/ 荷马2adv. 实质上ve been validated by the findings of archeologists. Butjustwhowasthepoetwholaiddownthese cornerstones of western literature?Well, tradition ascribes them to a man named Homer, but we know virtually nothing about this Homer. In fact, somesayt such a poet never existed at all,t neither theIliad nor the Odyssey was written by a single poet, bu