英语学习现代物流英语词汇、缩略语、贸易术语、专用单据等

1、第一章 物流专业词汇与释义 第一节 常用基本概念术语 Section 1 Basic Concept Terms 1. 物品article 经济活动中涉及到实体流动的物质资料。 Article means the flowing material involved in economic activities. 2. 物流logistics 物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程。根据实际需要，将运输、储 存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施的有机结合。 Logistics is a process of entities flowing where the article

2、s will be transferred from the supplying place to the receiving place. According to actual needs it will organically integrate the implementation of all the basic functions of transportation, storage, loading and unloading, handling, distribution processing, allocation, information processing and so

3、 on. 3. 物流活动logistics activity 物流诸功能的实施与管理过程。 Logistics activity means the implementing and managing process of all the logistics functions. 4. 物流作业logistics operation 实现物流功能时所进行的具体操作活动。 Logistics operation means the specific operating activities to implement all the logistics functions. 5. 物流模数logi

4、stics modulus 物流设施与设备的尺寸基准。 Logistics modulus is the basic dimension of logistics facilities and equipment. 6. 物流技术logistics technology 物流活动中所采用的自然科学与社会科学方面的理论、方法，以及设施、设备、装置与工艺的总称。 Logistics technology is a generic term for the facilities, equipment, devices, techniques as well as the theories and m

5、ethods on natural science and social science adopted in logistics activities. 7. 物流成本 logistics cost 物流活动中所消耗的物化劳动和活劳动的货币表现。 Logistics cost means the monetary expression of materialized labor and living labor consumed in logistics activities. 8. 物流管理logistics management 为了以最低的物流成本达到用户所满意的服务水平，对物流活动进

6、行的计划、组织、协调与控制。 Logistics management means the planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling of all the logistics activities to reach the level of customer satisfaction with the lowest cost. 9. 物流中心logistics center 从事物流活动的场所或组织。应基本符合下列要求: (1) 主要面向社会服务; 1 (2) 物流功能健全; (3) 完善的信息网络; (4) 辐射范围大; (5) 少

7、品种、大批量; (6) 存储、吞吐能力强; (7) 物流业务统一经营、管理。 Logistics center is a place or an organization engaged in the logistics activities. It ought to meet the following basic requirements: (1) mainly serving to the society; (2) sound logistics functions; (3) perfect information network; (4) covering with a wide ra

8、nge; (5) fewer species, larger masses; (6) strong capacity in storage and handling; (7) unified operation and management towards logistics business. 10. 物流网络logistics network 物流过程中相互联系的组织与设施的集合。 Logistics network is the collection of interrelated organizations and facilities during the process of lo

9、gistics. 11. 物流信息logistics information 反映物流各种活动内容的知识、资料、图像、数据、文件的总称。 Logistics information is a generic term for the knowledge, materials, images, data and documents reflecting all kinds of logistics activities. 12. 物流企业logistics enterprise 从事物流活动的经济组织。 Logistics enterprise is an economic organizati

10、on engaging in logistics activities. 13. 物流单证logistics documents 物流过程中使用的所有单据、票据、凭证的总称。 Logistics documents mean all the receipts, bills and certificates used in the process of logistics. 14. 物流联盟logistics alliance 两个或两个以上的经济组织为实现特定的物流目标而采取的长期联合与合作。 Logistics alliance is the long-term alliance and c

11、ooperation of two or more economic organizations to achieve specific logistics goals. 15. 供应物流 supply logistics 为生产企业提供原材料、零部件或其他物品时，物品在提供者与需求者之间的实体流动。 Supply logistics deals with entities flowing that the articles will be transferred from the suppliers to the demanders when the suppliers provide th

12、e raw materials, parts or other items for the manufacturers. 16. 生产物流 production logistics 生产过程中，原材料、在制品、半成品、产成品等，在企业内部的实体流动。 Production logistics means the flowing of in-house entities like raw materials, in-process products, semi-finished products, finished products in the process of manufacturing

13、. 17. 销售物流 distribution logistics 生产企业、流通企业出售商品时，物品在供方与需方之间的实体流动。 2 Distribution logistics deals with entities flowing that the articles will be transferred from the suppliers to the demanders when the manufacturers and distributors sale goods. 18. 回收物流 returned logistics 不合格物品的返修、退货以及周转使用的包装容器从需方返回

14、到供方所形成的物品实体流动。 Returned logistics means the entities flowing that the substandard goods repairs and returns as well as returnable packing containers will be transferred from the demanders to the suppliers. 19. 废弃物物流 waste material logistics 将经济活动中失去原有使用价值的物品，根据实际需要进行收集、分类、加工、包装、搬运、储存等，并分送到专门处理场所时所形成

15、的物品实体流动。 Waste material logistics deals with entities flowing that those articles losing their original use-value, according to actual needs, will be collected, classified, processed, packaged, handled, storied etc. and then distributed to the special disposal fields. 20. 绿色物流 environmental logistic

16、s 在物流过程中抑制物流对环境造成危害的同时，实现对物流环境的净化，使物流资源得到最充分利用。 Environmental logistics is conducted to inhibit environmental danger caused by the logistics, at the same time to implement the purification of logistics environment and make the fullest use of logistics recourses in the process of logistics. 21. 企业物流

17、internal logistics 企业内部的物品实体流动。 Internal logistics deals with in-house entities flowing. 22. 社会物流 external logistics 企业外部的物流活动的总称。 External logistics deals with external entities flowing. 23. 军事物流 military logistics 用于满足军队平时与战时需要的物流活动。 Military logistics means the logistics activities to meet the mi

18、litary needs both in peacetime and wartime. 24. 国际物流 international logistics 不同国家(地区)之间的物流。 International logistics is the logistics between different countries (regions). 25. 第三方物流 Third-part logistics(TPL) 由供方与需方以外的物流企业提供物流服务的业务模式。 Third-part logistics(TPL)is a kind of business mode that the logis

19、tics service is provided by the third part logistics enterprise other than the first part (supplier or producer) and the second part (buyer or customer). 26. 定制物流 customized logistics 根据用户的特定要求而为其专门设计的物流服务模式。 Customized logistics is a kind of logistics service mode particularly designing for the use

20、rs specific requirements. 27. 虚拟物流 virtual logistics 以计算机网络技术进行物流运作与管理，实现企业间物流资源共享和优化配置的物流方式。 3 Virtual logistics is a kind of logistics mode using computer network to operate and manage logistics so as to implement sharing of information and optimizing the allocation of recourses. 28. 增值物流服务 value-

21、added logistics service 在完成物流基本功能基础上，根据客户需求提供的各种延伸业务活动。 Value-added logistics service provides kinds of extending business activities according to customers requirements after completing the implementation of basic logistics functions. 29. 供应链 supply chain 生产及流通过程中，涉及将产品或服务提供给最终用户活动的上游与下游企业，所形成的网链结构

22、。 Supply chain is a network chain structure formed in the process of manufacturing and distributing, which deals with providing products or services for the end-users of upstream and downstream enterprises. 30. 条码 bar code 由一组规则排列的条、空及字符组成的、用以表示一定信息的代码。 Bar code is a kind of code indicating certain

23、information, made up of a group of regularly arraying bars, blanks and characters. 31. 电子数据交换 electronic data interchange(EDI) 通过电子方式，采用标准化的格式，利用计算机网络进行结构化数据的传输和交换。 Electronic data interchange(EDI)uses computer network for structural data transmission and exchange with a standardized format by elect

24、ronic means. 32. 有形损耗 tangible loss 可见或可测量出来的物理性损失、消耗。 Tangible loss means visibly or measurably physical loss and consumption. 33. 无形损耗 intangible loss 由于科学技术进步而引起的物品贬值。 Intangible loss means the article depreciation caused by the advances of science and technology. 第二节 常用物流作业术语 Section 2 Logistics

25、 Operation Terms 34. 运输 transportation 用设备和工具，将物品从一地点向另一地点运送的物流活动。其中包括集货、分配、搬运、中转、装入、卸下、分散等一系列操作。 Its a logistics activity to deliver articles from one place to another with equipments or tools, which includes such operations as goods collection, distribution, carrying, transfer, transport, loading,

26、 unloading and decentralization, etc. 35. 联合运输 combined transport 一次委托，由两家以上运输企业或用两种以上运输方式共同将某一批物品运送到目的的运输方式。 It is a transport mode by which one article is transported to the destination by over two transportation companies or transportation modes together for one consignment. 36. 直达运输 through tran

27、sport 物品由发运地到接收地，中途不需要换装和在储存场所停滞的一种运输方式。 4 It is a transport mode by which the article is transported from the place of shipment to the place of destination, not needing reloading in transit and stop in storing place. 37. 中转运输 transfer transport 物品由生产地运达最终使用地，中途经过一次以上落地并换装的一种运输方式。 It is a transport

28、mode by which the article is transported from the manufacturing place to the final destination with landing and reloading more than once in transit. 38. 甩挂运输drop and pull transport 用牵引车拖带挂车至目的地，将挂车甩下后，换上新的挂车运往另一个目的地的运输方式。 It refers to a transport mode by which a tractor pulls a trailer to the destin

29、ation dumping it and then pulls another trailer to another destination. 39. 集装运输 containerized transport 使用集装器具或利用捆扎方法，把裸装物品、散粒物品、体积较小的成件物品，组合成为一定规格的集装单元进行的运输。 It is a transport mode by which containerizing the article without package, bulk article, article smaller in size into containerized unit in

30、 certain specification to transport with containerizing instruments or packing. 40. 集装箱运输 container transport 以集装箱为单元进行货物运输的一种货运方式。 It is a transport mode to deliver goods in the unit of container. 41. 门到门door- to -door 承运人在托运人的工厂或仓库整箱接货，负责运抵收货人的工厂或仓库整箱交货。 The carrier receives the full container loa

31、d in the shippers factory or warehouse and is in charge of the shipment of the full container load to the consignees factory or warehouse. 42. 门到场 door to cy 由发货人货仓或工厂仓库至目的地或卸箱港的集装箱装卸区堆场。 It means from the consigners warehouse or the factorys warehouse to the container loading and unloading yard of

32、the destination or the port of discharge. 43. 门到站 door to cfs 由发货人货仓或工厂仓库至目的地或卸箱港的集装箱货运站。 It means from the consigners warehouse or the factorys warehouse to the container freight station of the destination or the port of discharge. 44. 整箱货 Full Container Load(FCL) 一个集装箱装满一个托运人同时也是一个收货人的工厂或仓库整箱交货。 O

33、ne container is filled up with one shippers also one consignees factory or warehouse full container goods. 45. 拼箱货 Less- than Container Load(LCL) 一个集装箱装入多个托运人或多个收货人的货物。 One container is filled up with multi-shippers or multi- consignees goods. 46. 储存 storing 保护、管理、贮藏物品。 Storing means protecting, man

34、aging and storing article. 47. 保管 storage 对物品进行保存及对其数量、质量进行管理控制活动。 5 It refers to the activity of storing article and managing and controlling its quantity and quality. 48. 物品储存article reserves 储存起来以备急需的物品。有当年储存、长期储存、战略储备之分。 It refers to the reserved article in case of urgent need. There are storing

35、 in the present year, long-term storing and strategic storing. 49. 库存inventory 处于储存状态的物品。广义的库存还包括处于制造加工状态和运输状态的物品。 It refers to the article in storing. Broadly, inventory includes the articles in the process of manufacturing and shipping as well. 50. 经常库存 cycle stock 在正常的经营环境下，企业为满足日常需要而建立的库存。 It is

36、 the inventory which the enterprise sets up for fulfilling the daily necessity in normal business. 51. 安全库存 safety stock 为了防止由于不确定性因素(如大量突发性订货、交货期突然延期等)而准备的缓冲库存。 It is a buffer stock which is to prevent the uncertainties (such as mass paroxysmal order, sudden delay of the delivery time, etc.) 52. 库存

37、周期inventory cycle time 在一定范围内，库存物品从入库到出库的平均时间。 It means the average period of articles in stock from inbound to outbound in certain area. 53. 前置期( 或提前期) lead time 从发出订货单到货物的时间间隔。 It means the interval from placing order to goods 54. 订货处理周期 order cycle time 从收到订货单到将所订货物发运出去的时间间隔。 It means the interva

38、l from order receipt to the shipment of the order 55. 货垛 good stack 为了便于保管和装卸、运输，按一定要求分门别类堆放在一起的一批物品。 It refers to a set of articles which are classified and stacked according to certain requirement in order to be convenient for storing, loading and unloading and shipping. 56. 堆码 stacking 将物品整齐、规则地摆

39、放成货垛的作业。 It means the operation to put the articles neatly and regularly into stack. 57. 搬运 handling/ carrying 在同一场所内，对物品进行水平移动为主的物流作业。 It refers to the logistics operation to mainly move the articles horizontally in a same site 58. 装卸 loading and unloading 物品在指定地点以人力或机械装入运输设备或卸下。 The articles are p

40、ut into transportation facilities or discharged by manpower or machine in a given site. 59. 单元装卸 unit loading and unloading 用托盘、容器或包装物见小件或散装物品集成一定质量或体积的组合件，以便利用机械进行作业的装卸方式。 6 It is a loading and unloading method which is utilizing pallet, container or package to consolidate the small pieces or bulk

41、articles into consolidation in certain quality or size in order to operate by machine 60. 包装 package/packaging 为在流通过程中保护产品、方便储运、促进销售，按一定技术方面而采用的容器、材料及辅助物等的总体名称。也指为了达到上述目的而采用容器、材料和辅助物的过程中施加一定技术方法等的操作活动。 It refers to the general name of vessels, materials and packaging auxiliaries used to protect prod

42、uct, be convenient for storing and transportation and promote sales according to certain technical method. It also means operation to exert certain technical method, etc. in the process of utilizing vessels, materials and packaging auxiliaries to achieve the above purposes. 61. 销售包装 sales package 又称

43、内包装，是直接接触商品进入零售网点和消费者或用户直接见面的包装。 It also means inner package, which right touches the products and enters retail outlet and meets the consumers or users. 62. 定牌包装 packing of nominated brand 买方要求卖方在出口商品/包装上使用买方指定的牌名或商标的做法。 The buyer requires the seller to use buyers given brand or trade mark on the e

44、xporting goods or packages. 63. 中性包装 neutral packing 在出口商品及其内外包装上都不注明生产国别的包装。 This kind of packing does not make out original country on the exporting goods and its inner package and outer package. 64. 运输包装 transport package 以满足运输贮存要求为主要目的的包装。它具有保障产品的安全，方便储运装卸，加速交接、点验等作用。 It refers to the package wi

45、th the main purpose of fulfilling the transporting and storing requirements, which has the functions of guaranteeing the safety of the products, being convenient for storing, shipping, loading and unloading, speeding interchanging and inspection, etc. 65. 托盘包装 palletizing 以托盘为承载物，将包装件或产品堆码在托盘上，通过捆扎、

46、裹包或胶粘等方法加以固定，形成一个搬运单元，以便用机械设备搬运。 Stack the packages or products onto the pallet with it as the carrier and fixed by packing, package or glue, etc. to form a handling unit in order to be carried by mechanical equipment. 66. 集装化 containerization 用集装器具或采用捆扎方法，把物品组成标准规格的单元货件，以加快装卸、搬运、储存、运输等物流活动。 The art

47、icles are formed to unit goods in standard specification by containers or banding to speed logistics activities such as loading and unloading, handling, storing and shipping, etc. 67. 散装化 in bulk 用专门机械、器具进行运输、装卸的散装物品在某个物流范围内，不用任何包装，长期固定采用吸扬、抓斗等机械、器具进行装卸、运输、储存的作业方式。 The operation method to load and u

48、nload, transport and store the bulk articles which are 7 shipped, loaded and unloaded with specialized machine and equipment without any package by machine and equipment such as suction elevator and grab bucket in certain logistics area. 68. 直接换装 cross docking 物品在物流环节中，不经过中间仓库或站点，直接从一个运输工具换载到另一个运输工具

49、的物流衔接方式。 Its the logistics link which articles are reloaded from one transportation means to another directly without passing through midway warehouse or station in logistics process. 69. 配送 distribution 在经济合理区域范围内，根据用户要求，对物品进行拣选、加工、包装、分割、组配等作业，并按时送达指定地点的物流活动。 It refers to the logistics activity whi

50、ch the articles are picked, processed, packaged, sorted, assembled and delivered to specified location on time according to the users requirements in reasonable economics area. 70. 共同配送 joint distribution 由多个企业联合组织实施的配送活动。 The distribution activity which is organized and implemented by multi-enterpr

51、ises jointly 71. 配送中心 distribution center 从事配送业务的物流场所或组织，应基本符合下列要求: (1)主要为特定的用户服务; (2)配送功能健全; (3)完善的信息网络; (4)辐射范围小; (5)多品种、小批量; (6)以配送为主，储存为辅。 The logistics locations or organizations which pursue distribution business and should accord with the following requirements basically (1) mainly serve the

52、specified customers; (2) soundly distribution functionality; (3) sophisticated information network; (4) narrow coverage; (5) multi variety and small batch; (6) distribution-based and storing-assisted 72. 分拣 sorting 将物品按品种、出入库先后顺序进行分门别类推放的作业。 It is an operation which the articles are classified and s

53、tacked according to the categories and the sequence of stock out and stock in. 73. 拣选 order picking 按订单或出库单的要求，从储存场所选出物品，并放置指定地点的作业。 It is an operation which the articles are picked out from the storing place and placed at the specified location according to the requirement of order form or stock ou

54、t. 74. 集货 goods collection 将分散的或小批量的物品集中起来，以便进行运输、配送的作业。 It is an operation which the scattered articles or articles of small batch are collected in order to ship and distribute. 8 75. 组配 assembly 配送前，根据物品的流量、流向及运输工具的装载质量和容积，组织安排物品装载的作业。The operation which organizes and arranges loading of articles

55、according to flow amount and flow direction of the articles and loading quality and capacity of the transportation means before distribution. 76. 流通加工 distribution processing 物品在从生产地到使用地的过程中，根据需要施加包装、分割、计量、分拣、刷标志、拴标签、组装等简单作业的总称。 It refers to the general name of such simple operations to articles as

56、packaging, segmentation, measurement, sorting, marking, labeling and assembly, etc. from producing place to employing place according to requirement. 77. 冷链 cold chain 为保持新鲜食品及冷冻食品等的品质，使其在从生产到消费的过程中，始终处于低温状态的配有专门设备的物流网络。 It means the logistics network which keeps the fresh food and frozen food, etc.

57、 at low temperature and equipped with specialized equipment to keep their quality from production to consumption. 78. 检验 inspection 根据合同或标准，对标的物品的品质、数量、包装等进行检查、验收的总称。 It refers to the general name of check and acceptance of the marked quality, quantity and package of the articles in accordance with

58、the contract or standard. 第三节:物流技术装备及设施术语 Section 3 Logistical Equipments and Facilities 79. 仓库 warehouse 保管、储存物品的建筑物和场所的总称。 It refers to the general name of buildings or places for safekeeping or storage of goods. 80. 库房 storehouse 有屋顶和围护结构，供储存各种物品的封闭式建筑物。 It refers to a sealed building, with a roo

59、f and building envelope, for storing goods. 81. 自动化仓库 automatic warehouse 由电子计算机进行管理和的控制，不需人工搬运作业，而实现收发作业的仓库。 It refers to a warehouse where the receiving and dispatching of goods is managed and controlled by computer, requiring no manpower. 82. 立体仓库 stereoscopic warehouse 采用高层货架配以货箱或托盘储存货物，用巷道堆垛起重机

60、及其他机械进行作业的仓库。 A warehouse where goods are stored in boxes or pallet on high-level shelves and handled by automated storage/retrieval machines or other machineries. 83. 虚拟仓库 virtual warehouse 建立在计算机和网络通讯技术基础上，进行物品储存、保管和远程控制的物流设施。可实现不同状态、空间、时间、货主的有效调度和统一管理。 Logistic facilities, based on computer and i