翻译资格高级考试（笔译）模拟考前练习题

1、没有一个人将小草叫做大力士，但是它的力量之大， 确实是世界无比。这种力，是一般人看不见的生命力，只要 生命存在，这种力就要显现，上面的石块，丝毫缺乏以阻挡, 因为它是一种长期坑战的力,有弹性，能屈能伸的力，有 韧性，不达目的不止的力。种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中，有生命力的种子决不会 悲观和叹气，因为有了阻力才有磨炼。生命开始的一瞬间就 带了斗争来的草，才是坚韧的草，也只有这种草，才可以傲 然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。Though the little grass has never been said to be herculean, the power it shows is mat

2、chless in the world. It is an invisible force of life. So long as there is life, the force will show itself. The rock above it is not heavy enough to prevent it from growing because it is a force that keeps growing over a period of time, because it is an elastic force that can shrink andsomeone who

3、aims higher and works harder often earns more.译文：虽然导致不平等的原因很多，但我们可以大体上 把它们分为三类。一类是社会条件或家庭出身，例如在中国, 与出生于贫困农村的人们相比，一个出生在大城市的人通常 拥有更多的收入和更好的社会处境。另外一类是自然天赋， 有些人天生聪明或健壮，有些人那么天生愚笨或孱弱，前者一 般也会比后者拥有更多的收入并处于更好的状况。最后一类 是抱负和努力程度，在其他条件相同的情况下，更有抱负和 更努力的人们通常也会有更多的收入。2、Mass urbanization of the world7 s population i

4、s an unprecedented trend worldwide. The most important reason why people are moving to cities is economic. People are moving to the cities because that s where they can find jobs and earn money. Until the 20th century, the major source of employment, full and part-time, was farming. Now, according t

5、o recent statistics, no more than 15 percent of all jobs are connected to farming. Jobs now are being created in information technology, manufacturing and service areas, such as tourism and financing, and all of these new jobs are in or around major cities.译文：世界人口大规模的城市化在世界范围内到达史无 前例的规模。驱使人们不断涌向城市的最

6、重要原因是经济因 素。人们都涌向城市是因为在城里可以找到工作和挣钱。在 20世纪以前，就业的主要途径，不管是全职还是兼职，一直 都是农耕。而现在，根据最近的统计数据，只有不到15%的 工作是和农业相关的。越来越多的工作产生于信息技术产 业、制造业和服务行业，如旅游业和融资，而所有这些新兴 工作都在大城市及其周边地区。评析：此题是高口热点话题城市化，在07年9月 的高口 NTGF局部也涉及到过城市化的问题，前一题的句子 翻译S2也提到了 人们搬进大城市的原因，是追求高品质 的生活，而这里主要围绕工作展开。考查词汇都在大纲范 围内 像urbanization, manufacturing等都属于常

7、见热词, 考生在平时对这些词汇有所积累，翻译起来并不难。相对 passage 2,这段话稍微有点长，这也提醒考生注意平时多 练习听写记笔记，熟悉常考话题，这样在考试时才能拿高分。3、Crime control is a pretty complex question, the first step, of course, is deterrence to stop people from committing crime in the first place. That involves the economy. Are there enough jobs for everyone? Ther

8、e should be. And social structure, are there enough support system? And so on. When people are convicted, and put in prison, then the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons. So they want person comes out, they don t return to a life of crime. If the education program and drug treatmen

9、t program have been cut, convicted criminals are not being reformed.译文：如何控制犯罪率是一个十分复杂的问题。首先,当然要防止犯罪行为的发生。包括从经济方面来说，是否有 足够的工作提供给所有人?这个是应该要保证的;从社会机构 来说，是否有足够的社会保障体系?等等。而一旦人们犯了 罪，被关进监狱了，那么监狱里就需要有改造计划，可以让 这些人出狱之后，不再回到犯罪生涯。如果停掉教育计划和 毒品治疗方案，那就无法对这些犯人就行改造了。评析:本篇段落翻译选自2008年春季高口的听力原文, 这就暗示了广大口译考生，历年的听力原文等材料是

10、平时训 练的重要资源，平时多积累，考试的时候方可胸有成竹。本篇段落关注的是一个常见的社会问题如何控制 犯罪率。段落给出了两点建议，一个是要防患未然;二是在对 犯人实施改造计划。内容对考生来说应该并不陌生，语速也 较为平缓，作为两段翻译的的第二段，在难度上是可以接受 的。本段词汇较为常见。注意deterrence ,意是威蹑，制 止，这里考生也可将名词转译为动词，译为防止犯罪行 为的发生；另外，convict这个单词意为判有罪， convicted criminals 指囚犯，犯人。段落的句子结构较为简单。考生只需注意这个长句： When people are convicted, and pu

11、t into prison, the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons, so that when the person comes out, they dont return to a life of crime.这个句子虽长，但只要理解语义，理清分句之间的逻辑关系，如when引导的是从句, the goal后面的内容是主句，s。that作的是目的状语。划分好结构，再按句子本身的语序进行翻译就可以了。总体而言，本篇英译中难度适中，主题也不偏颇另类,考生在平时注意对社会问题的积累，多进行真题练习，把握 好时间和心态，相信

12、会顺利完成翻译。Since 1750, the world has seen four industrial revolutions. The first one took place in Britain; and China missed the boat. The second one occurred in the latter half of the 19th century; and China missed the boat. The third one was driven by the revolution in communication technology in the

13、 second half of the 20th Century. This time, Chinese leaders realized that it was a historic moment of change, and China caught the wave.从1750年以来，世界进行了四次工业革命：第一次就 是英国工业革命，中国失去了机会。第二次是十九世纪下半 叶美国的工业革命，中国也同样失去了机会。第三次工业革 命，是20世纪后半叶出现的信息革命。当时中国的领导人 敏锐地认识到了这一重大历史变化，中国抓住了这次信息革 命的重大机遇。The 21st century is re

14、ceiving the Fourth Industrial Revolution-the Green Revolution, symbolized by this global move to reduce emission. This time, we hope that China can be the innovator, the leader and driver running head-to-head with the U.S., Europe and Japan. To achieve this, China has to accomplish two things transi

15、tion from a high carbon economy to a low carbon economy; second, participation in global governance, i.e., to shift its focus from national governance to regional and global governance.进入二十一世纪,人类迎来了第四次工业革命绿色 工业革命。可以说这一次全球减排，就是绿色工业革命的标 志。我们希望这一次工业革命中国要成为领导者、创新者和 驱动者，和美国和欧盟和日本站在同一起跑线上领导这场革 命。今后中国领导人面临

16、两大迫切问题：一是如何实现中国 经济转型,即从高碳经济转向低碳经济;二是如何参与全球治 理，即从国家治理转向地区治理、全球治理。American mythology loves nothing more than the reluctant hero: the man - it is usually a man - whose natural talents have destined him for more than obliging obscurity. George Washington, we are told, was a leader who would have preferr

17、ed to have been a farmer. Thomas Jefferson, a writer. Martin Luther King, Jr., a preacher. These men were roused from lives of perfunctory achievement, our legends have it, not because they chose their own exceptionalism, but because we, the people, chose it for them. We - seeing greatness in them t

18、hat they were too humble to observe themselves - conferred on them uncommon paths. Historical circumstance became its own call of duty, and the logic of democracy proved itself through the answer.在美式神话中，主角通常是那些不知不觉中成为的英雄: 一般而言，他就是一个人，因禀赋异常，注定此生不能默默无 闻。华盛顿原本更愿意当农民，而不是领导国家；杰弗逊，曾 立志要成为一名作家；而马丁路德只是一名牧师.

19、据说是公 众要求他们不能敷衍塞责，埋没才华；是我们要求这些伟人 必须要振作起来，追求卓越。我们选择了他们，是因为我们 看到他们的伟大，-尽管他们谦虚地认为自己并不出众一 是我们把他们推上了不寻常的人生道路。换言之，历史境遇 和民主体制造就了这些英雄。Neil Armstrong was a hero of this stripe: constitutionally humble, circumstantially noble. Nearly every obituary written for him this weekend has made a point of emphasizing h

20、is sense of privacy, his sense of humility, his sense of the ironic ordinary. Armstrongs famous line, maybe or maybe not so humanly flubbed, neatly captures the narrative: One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. And yet every aspect of Armstrongs life - a life remembered for one act of

21、 bravery but distinguished ultimately by the bravery of banality - made clear: On that day in 1969, he acted on our behalf, out of a sense of mission that was communal rather than personal. The reluctant hero is also the self-sacrificing hero. The reluctant hero is the charitable hero.阿姆斯特朗就这种类型的英雄，

22、个性谦卑的他响应时代的号召，成为人类的英雄。本周末，几乎只要是他的讣告, 都会提到：阿姆斯特朗深居简出、为人谦虚，以至于让他的 平凡变得具有挖苦意味。他的著名格言，传神地概括了他 的壮举，他可能和所有人一样犯错：我的一小步代表了人类 的一大步。人类将铭记他的勇敢，但因为他如此毫无顾忌地成认自己的平庸，让他此生并不平凡。1969年的某一天，他代表整个人类完成的使命。不情愿的英雄同时还具有勇于 牺牲的精神，仁慈宽厚。一张张的地下文字，变成了碎片，在他脚下飞舞，他低 着头，看见纸片上的字渐渐小去，小去，他复发了青光眼他对我抱歉地说，他看不得别人对艺术事业的糟蹋。他 伸手摸起桌上一个照相架，里面是一张

23、他扮演老工人的剧 照，相框是古铜色雕花的。一个完整的艺术品，应当包括这个框架。翼幕就是舞 台框子。假使把翼幕当成裤脚管，随便破坏它，那我们 怎么能称得上是人类灵魂的工程师呢! expand, because it is a tenacious force that will not stop growing until it is grown.The seed does not choose to fall on fertile land but among debris. If it is filled with life, it is never pessimistic or sad, f

24、or it is tempered by resistance and pressure. The grass that fights its way out since the moment it is horn can be called strong1 and “temacious; only the grass that fights its way up since its birth has the right to laugh with justified pride at the potted plants in glassed green houses.你不要为他做说客。不批

25、，半个字也不批;针尖大的洞， 也会刮进斗大的风。咱党员干部，那歪门邪道不要搞。他 停了一下，朝烟波迷茫、水天一色的湖面瞧去。好景致, 可惜婷儿没有同来。她今天有更高兴的事儿。李秘书故作神秘地笑笑 说，王主任托了文化局的老马，同意把您的女儿调到省实 验话剧团工作。我真希望他现在能眼睛豁亮起来，让他看到我的泪水,我的忏悔。他看见了，因为他没有再说下去。Then suddenly one of the old actors favorite students flung out the article, On the Integrity of Stage An, which the old acto

26、r had written in secret when he was confined in the ox shedH This set the whole audience boiling as if salt had been poured into a pot of hot oil.He even dared to write reactionary articles in the zox shed1 to poison peoples minds!Viciously they tore up all the streets of his article and scattered t

27、he pieces swirling around the old actors feet. Bending his head, he watched the words on the scraps of paper becoming fainter and fainter until he could see no mare because of a relapse of glaucoma.The old veteran then told me as if in apology that he couldnt bear to see art maltreated. Fumbling on

28、the table, he took up a carved bronze-colored photo frame containing a stage photo of himself as a Veteran worker. He said to me, A complete work of art should include the frame as well. The side curtains are a part of the stage frame. If we treat them as trouser legs and abuse them at will, how can

29、 we actors deserve to be referred to as the engineers of the human soul1?11How I wished he could see again! He would see my regretful tears. Yes, he did see all too clearly, for he abruptly broke off.ox: a term used during the Cultural Revolution, referring to a class enemy .overturn heaven: to over

30、throw the government.ox shed : a place where oxen (class enemies)were confined.铜镜我们在参观博物馆时，常常看到各种古代铜镜。它是我 国古代人民用来整容的家庭日用品。这些铜镜大多是从古墓 中出土的，也有少数是传世之物。早在公元前11世纪，我国先民已经使用铜镜了。战国 时期，铜镜在民间盛行。镜的正面磨光发亮，反面有的饰单 层或双层花纹，常见的有兽面纹、花叶纹、龙凤纹等。西汉 时期，铜镜较厚重，纹饰多几何图案、神人和禽兽纹等。并 有铸刻铭文，每句仅三至四字，例如：长相思、毋相 忘、常富贵、乐未央等。内容多是通俗的吉祥语。

31、 宋、元时期出现了圆镜、长方镜、菱镜、八棱镜和带柄手镜 等。清代以后，逐渐被玻璃镜所代替。上海博物馆展出一件铜镜透光镜，它是西汉时 期的珍品，直径为11.5厘米。这面铜镜与普通铜镜一样， 反面有图案，还有铭文。奇怪的是，当一束光线照到镜面 反射投影在墙壁上，墙上的光亮圈内竟出现铜镜反面的图案 和文字，好像从镜背透过来的，故称透光镜。对于这种现象，在过去很长的时间里，连科学家们都感到惊奇, 人们把它称做魔镜。今天，我国已可仿制出售，作为旅 游纪念品，很受外国游客的欢迎。我国古代常把铜镜当做随葬品。在古墓中，往往发现铜 镜放置在死者的头顶或胸侧。有时把铜镜和木梳一起放在漆 匣内或小荷包里。在开掘古

32、墓时，还发现有的铜镜放在墓顶 上方，据说这是为了 辟邪和降妖。The Bronze MirrorWhenever we visit a museum, we see various types of ancient bronze mirrors. Used as a household necessity for dressing by the ancient Chinese people, these bronze mirrors were mostly unearthed from ancient tombs, while some are kept as heirlooms.Our an

33、cestors started to use bronze mirrors in as early as the 11th century B.C. During the Warring States Period, bronze mirrors prevailed among the populace. The front side of the mirrors, after being polished, glistens while the backside is embellished with single-layered or double-layered patterns, am

34、ong which the commonly seen are thus- of animal faces, flowers and leaves, dragons and phoenixes. During the Western flan Period, the bronze mirrors used to be relatively thick and heavy. Most of the decorative patterns were of geometrical forms, supernatural figures, or fowls and animals, accompani

35、ed by inscriptions of only three or four characters with such meanings as eternal love, never to forget, wealth for ever and everlasting happiness. The content frequently dealt with common well-wishings. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties the bronze mirrors appeared in all shapes: round, rectangular

36、, rhomboidal, octagonal, and those with a handle. Since the Qing Dynasty, however, the bronze mirror has gradually given way to the glass mirror.In Shanghai Museum, one finds a treasure of the Western Han Period, the penetrative bronze mirror, measuring 11.5cm. in diameter. Like ordinary bronze mirr

37、ors it bears patterns and inscriptions on the back. But what amazes people is that when a bundle of rays is projected onto the surface of the mirror, which, in turn, reflects the light on the wall, the patterns and inscriptions on the backside are shown in the ring of the light, as if they had penet

38、rated the whole thickness of the mirror. Hence the name of the mirror. For a long time in the past, even scientists were so puzzled at the phenomenon that it was called a magic mirror. Today, reproductions of this mirror are being made and sold as souvenirs and they appeal very much to tourists.In a

39、ncient times, bronze mirrors were very often used as sacrificial objects. In the ancient tombs, one can always expect to find bronze mirrors placed on top of the head or beside the chest of the dead.Sometimes, bronze mirrors and combs were put together in lacquer boxes or small pouches. In unearthin

40、g ancient tombs, bronze mirrors were sometimes discovered on the inner topsides, in order to keep away evil spirits and subdue demons, so it was said.Mass urbanization of the world7 s population is an unprecedented trend worldwide. The most important reason why people are moving to cities is economi

41、c. People are moving to the cities because that s where they can find jobs and earn money. Until the 20th century, the major source of employment, full and part-time, was farming. Now, according to recent statistics, no more than 15 percent of all jobs are connected to farming. Jobs now are being cr

42、eated in information technology, manufacturing and service areas, such as tourism and financing, and all of these new jobs are in or around major cities.译文：世界人口大规模的城市化在世界范围内到达史无 前例的规模。驱使人们不断涌向城市的最重要原因是经济因 素。人们都涌向城市是因为在城里可以找到工作和挣钱。在 20世纪以前，就业的主要途径，不管是全职还是兼职，一直 都是农耕。而现在，根据最近的统计数据，只有不到15%的 工作是和农业相关的。越来

43、越多的工作产生于信息技术产 业、制造业和服务行业，如旅游业和融资，而所有这些新兴 工作都在大城市及其周边地区。评析：此题是高口热点话题城市化，在07年9月 的高口 NTGF局部也涉及到过城市化的问题，前一题的句子 翻译S2也提到了 人们搬进大城市的原因，是追求高品质 的生活，而这里主要围绕工作展开。考查词汇都在大纲范 围内 像urbanization, manufacturing等都属于常见热词， 考生在平时对这些词汇有所积累，翻译起来并不难。相对passage 2,这段话稍微有点长，这也提醒考生注意平时多 练习听写记笔记，熟悉常考话题，这样在考试时才能拿高分。A commonplace cr

44、iticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit. Americans, it is alleged, worship only the almighty dollar. We scramble to Hkeep up with the Joneses. The love affair between Americans and their automobiles has been a conti

45、nuing subject of derisive commentary by both foreign and domestic critics. Americans are said to live by quantitative ethic. Bigger is better, whether in bombs or sedans. The classical virtues of grace, harmony, and economy of both means and ends are lost on most Americans. As a result, we are said

46、to be swallowing up the worlds supply of natural resources, which are irreplaceable. Americans constitute 6 percent of the worlds population but consume over a third of the worlds energy. These are now familiar complaints. Indeed, in some respects Americans may believe the pursuit of happiness to me

47、an the pursuit of material things.评：本段文章语气严肃，用词精致，论证严密，内部连 接自然，一气呵成。假设要译好，很多翻译方法都要用到。有 两个考点：其一, We scramble to keep up with the Joneses俄们盲目地追逐时尚，或我们一味地人云亦云）； 其二，“The classical virtues 0grace, harmony, and economy Of both means and ends are lost on most Americans（温文尔雅，与人为善、量入为出曾经是美国的传 统美德，而如今在多数美国人身上

48、已难觅踪影）。光看括号 里的参考译文，就知道是几种翻译原那么和翻译方法的结合。 再如,z/.excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect 0the human spirit（过分 地热衷于物质享受而相应地忽略了人文精神）等等。可见，要 使译文神形兼备，确实要动一番脑筋。嗯?老杨的眉毛拧了个结。李秘书只当没发觉，坐 进轿车，手扶在车门上，仿佛自言自语地说：就拿这辆车 来说吧，也是王主任出力调拨给您的。那回大姐犯病进院， 还多亏这辆车接送。该死，早把我当猎物给瞄上了。他下意识地摄紧枪 把想。李秘书一限溜到

49、枪上，像又想起什么说：王主任知 道您喜欢打猎，这支猎枪，就是他特意托人专程送到您家 的车发动了。老杨陡然一惊，不觉倒抽一口冷气：黑黝黝 双筒枪口，冒着寒气，就像两只黑洞洞的眼睛，死死地瞄准 了他Dont you ever try to talk me into consenting on his behalf. I wont agree, not or any account! A tiny opening will let in a gust of wind. We Party cadres should not engage in any under-the-counter busines

50、s. Yang stopped to glance over the misty lake where the water joined the sky. What a nice view! Itsls Have we merely carried our animal need forshrewd perceptions to an absurd extreme? Or have we stumbled onto a deep congruence between the structure of our minds and the structure of the universe?这一切

51、究竟来源于何?仅仅是我们将本能的敏锐感知力 推向了荒谬的极致，还是我们不经意间摸索到了扎根于人类 思想和苍茫万物间那深刻的一致性？I am persuaded the latter is true. I am convinced theres more to beauty than biology, more than cultural convention. It flows around and through us in such abundance, and in such myriad forms, as to exceed by a wide margin any mere evo

52、lutionary need. Which is not to say that beauty has nothing to do with survival: I think it has everything to do with survival. Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us.我相信后者是正确的。我坚信美不仅仅存在于生物学和文化习俗中。美我们身边流淌，充盈、润泽着我们的心田； 而其量之充分，形态之多变已经远远超越了进化本身的需 要。我这样说并不意味着美和生存毫无干系7恰恰相反，我相 信美和生存之间有着千丝万缕的

53、联系。如果说是自然造就了 我们，那么，是美通过自然滋养了我们。2、The establishment and development of china s socialist market economy requires the reform and improvement in our soial welfare and security system, which in turn places higher expectations on the work of community service./With the transformation of governmental func

54、tions, much of the work involving social services that was initially undertaken by the government will have to be transferred gradually to social groups and non-governmental organizations./ On the one hand, the government will shoulder great responsibilities in its macro-management; and on theother

55、hand, social groups and non-governmental organizations will need to involve themselves more in community service./ Consequently, there has emerged an issue which concerns the way of a close collaboration and the division of responsibilities between the government and social groups, in order to furth

56、er the development of community service.我们社会主义市场经济体制的建立和开展，要求我们改 革和完善社会福利保障体制，从而对社会服务提出了更高的 要求。随着政府职能的转变，原来由政府包揽的许多社会 服务工作，有相当一局部将逐步转移到社会团体和民间组 织。一方面，政府的宏观管理责任将会变得更加重大。另 一方面，社会团体和民间组织有必要参与更多的社区服务工 作。这样就提出一个课题:政府和社会团体如何密切合作, 如何分工协作，更好地推进社区服务事业。3、It reminds us of the shaping power that reaches through

57、 the flower stem and through our own hands.It restores our faith in the generosity of nature. By giving us a taste of the kinship between our own small minds and the great Mind of the Cosmos, beauty reassures us that we are exactly and wonderfully made for life on this glorious planet, in this magni

58、ficent universe. I find in that affinity a profound source of meaning and hope. A universe so prodigal of beauty may actually need us to notice and respond, may need our sharp eyes and brimming hearts and teeming minds, in order to close the circuit of Creation.无论是一朵花或是一双手，都让我们联想到美的创造力 量。美让我们重拾信念-相信

59、自然对于我们的无私恩惠与慷 慨。美在人类渺小的心灵和宇宙伟大的精魂之间，化身为一 座沟通的桥梁，并以此让我们不再怀疑：在这片恢宏的宇宙 中，在这颗璀璨的星球上，人类的存在实为天工之作，神明 之意。宇宙和人类对于美的共识，给予我生存的意义与希望。我们的宇宙中，美无处不在;她等待着我们敏锐的眼睛、充实的心灵，和泉涌般的智慧，去发现美，去回应美，由此成全 造物的圆满。The average age of people in the countryside is increasing, while that of the cities is falling. More old people stay

60、in the countryside than young people and the opposite is true in the cities.译文：农村人口的平均年龄正处于上升趋势，而在城市 却正好相反。原因是在农村老年人要比年轻人多，城市正好 相反。解析：本句难度适中，只需要按照句子的逻辑顺序将句 子信息陈列出来即可。止匕外，本句无明显生词。One important reason for the move to cities has to do with quality of life issues: comfort and convenience. For example, m