自己高考英语写作专题辅导课件写作基础基本句型特训

1、基本句型特训 这里的基本句型包括简单句的五个基本句型和there be句型。 所谓简单句就是由一个主语(包括并列主语) 和一个谓语(包括并列谓语)组成的句子, 即一个主谓关系的句子。根据历年高考阅卷的情况, 考生写句子最易犯的错是：不用be时却用了, 或者该用be时却没用。因此, 我们须注意：特别提醒：(1)英语句子通常要有谓语动词, 否则就不完整。如表达“他很累”, 不能说He very tired.而要说He is very tired.因为tired是形容词,句中无动词。切记：当句子意思完整, 但句中没有动词时, 一定要加上be。(2)当句中已有谓语动词时, 若不是进行时态或被动语态,

2、一定不要再用be。如表达“他昨天来过这里”, 不能说He was came here yesterday.而要说He came here yesterday.课堂练习用基本句型翻译下列各组句子, 然后合并成一篇通顺自然的5句话的短文。心中有梦单句翻译1.David 7岁了。(主系表)1. David was seven years old.2.他有一个梦想。(主谓宾)2. He had a dream. 3.他想在天上飞。(主谓宾)3. He wanted to fly in the sky. 4.他做了一架纸飞机。(主谓双宾)4. He made himself a paper plane.

3、5.他完成了作业。(主谓宾)5. He finished homework. 6.他玩纸飞机。(主谓)6. He always played with the plane. 7.天上有一架飞机在飞。(there be句型)7. There was a plane flying in the sky. 8. 他的父亲鼓励他努力学习成为飞行员。(主谓宾宾补)8. His father encouraged him to study hard and be a pilot. 9. 他非常努力地学习。(主谓)9. He worked very hard at his lessons. 10. 十八年后

4、他实现了他的梦想。(主谓宾)10. He made his dream come true 18 years later.合并成文：When David was seven years old, he dreamed of flying in the sky. Having finished his homework, he made himself a paper plane to play with. On his way to school, there was a plane flying in the sky. So his father encouraged him to be a

5、 pilot in the future. It was by working hard that he made his dream come true eighteen years later.课外作业爬山日记单句翻译1. 爬山是一种很好的运动。(主系表)1. Climbing is a good sport. 2. 爬山有益于健康。(主系表)2. Climbing is beneficial to our health.3. 今天我和同学去爬西山。(主谓) 3. Some classmates and I went to climb the West Hill today.4. 我们是乘

6、出租去的。(主谓)4. We went there by taxi.5. 我们大约在早上八点到达那里。(主谓)5. We got there at about 8 oclock in the morning.6. 有许多游客在爬山。(There be)6. There were lots of tourists climbing.7. 我们很兴奋。(主系表)7. We were excited.8. 我们一刻没耽搁就开始爬山。(主谓宾)8. We began to climb without any delay.9. 班长小明帮了我很大忙。(主谓宾宾)9. Our monitor, Xiao

7、Ming, offered me a lot of help.10. 我是唯一的女孩。(主系表)10. I was the only girl.11. 我们中午到达山顶。(主谓宾)11. We got to the top of the maintain at noon.12. 我们很累但很高兴。(主系表)12. We felt tired but happy.13. 男孩子们让我跳舞。(主谓宾宾补)13. The boys asked me to dance to music.14. 我的表演让他们忘记了疲劳。(主谓宾宾补)14. My performance made them forge

8、t their tiredness.合并成文：Climbing is a good sport, which is beneficial to our health. Today some classmates and I went to climb the West Hill. When we got there by taxi at about 8 oclock in the morning, there had been many tourists climbing. We were so excited that we began our climb without any delay

9、, during which our monitor, Xiao Ming, offered me, the only girl, a lot of help. After we got to the top at noon, tired but happy, the boys asked me to dance to music and my performance made them forget their tiredness.专题训练基础写作读写任务基础知识:常用表达1.时间:星期: 月份: 在星期日 在2006年在二月份 在2006年二月份在2006年二月三号Sunday Janua

10、ry, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December (缩写形式)On Sundayin 2006in February, 2006in Februaryon February 3rd, 2006 / On the 3rd February, 2006MondayTuesday,WednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday在5点钟在上午/下午/晚上 在九月5号的上午/下午/晚上 在一个阳光灿烂的上午/下午 在21世纪在20世纪30年代9:00-10

11、:00at five oclockin the morning/ afternoon/eveningon the morning/ afternoon/ evening of September 5thon a sunny morning/ afternoon in the 21st century in the 1930sfrom 9 to 102.人名:3. 地点( 由小到大)李华 李丽华 李教授 史密斯一家 Li HuaLi LihuaProfessor Lithe Smiths韶关 广州 广东省我住在韶关市浈江区建国路15号 我们学校在广东省韶关市503房 四楼Shaoguan Gua

12、ngzhou Guangdong ProvinceI live at No 15 on Jiangguo Road, Zhenjiang District of Shaoguan. My school is located/ situated in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province. Room 503 on the fourth floor我18岁。在某人30多岁/40多岁的时候我身高160厘米。我体重50公斤。I am 18 years old./I am an 18-year-old student. in ones thirties/forties.I am 16

13、0cm tall./I am 160cm./I am 160cm in height.I am 50 kilograms./I am 50kg./I am 50kg in weight.5基数词, 序数词 百, 千, 百万, 十亿 :五百 成千上百四分之一 五分之三百分之十 第一第十: 第十二 第二十第十四 第四十 第四十五 第一课hundred , thousand, million, billion five hundred thousands ofa quarter/ one fourth three fifthsten percent / one in ten / one out of

14、 ten first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth twelfth twentieth fourteenth fortieth forty-fifthLesson One the First Lesson练习:翻译下面的简单句年爆发了第二次世界大战.2.一天, 她高兴地走进我的房间.3.一轮红日从东方升起.4.张飞在三年级六班.5.那个故事听起来很有趣. The Second World War/ World War II broke out in 1939. One day she ca

15、me into my room happily. The red sun rises in the east. Zhang Fei is in Class 6, Grade 3. That story sounds interesting. 6.老师好像对我的工作很满意.7.早睡早起对人的身体有益.8.胡姗姗读过这本书多次了.The teacher seemed to be pleased with my work. Going to bed early and getting up early is good/beneficial for/does good to your health.

16、Hu Shanshan has read the book many times. 9.我还没决定去还是不去.10.周兰借给我一些钱.11.这件晚礼服花了她四十美元. I havent decided whether to go or not. Zhou Lan lent me some money. The evening dress cost her forty dollars. She paid forty dollars for the evening dress.12.王小明常常在课堂上问老师许多问题.13.同学们把课室保持得干干净净.14.我们注意到有许多人站在学校大门口.15.我

17、找人把自行车修好了.16.你不应该让他一个人去那儿.Wang Xiaoming often asks the teacher a lot of questions in class. The students keep the classroom clean. We noticed a lot of people standing at the gate of our school. I had the bike repaired. You shouldnt let him go there alone. 并列句1. 用连词/副词 (and, but , so, for, or , not o

18、nlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, while, bothand, however, therefore)1) Li Ming is 18 years old and he is a student in No.1 Middle School.2)Hurry up or youll be late for school.3)I must go now, for my sister is waiting for me.2. 用 “ ; ”3. 用 “ ; + adv ”1) We fished all day; we didnt catch anything.W

19、e fished all day; however, we didnt catch anything. 2) The car was almost new; besides, it was in excellent condition. ,but we,so all 2) Lily does well in study; all the teachers think highly of her. 练习: 翻译下列句子 1.他虽然有病, 但是还是上学去了.2.汤姆很穷, 而他的弟弟却发了财. 3.他丢了工作, 因此这些天心情不好.He was ill;however,/but yet he we

20、nt to school. Although/Though he was ill, he went to school.Ill as/though he was, he went to school.While he was ill, he went to school.Tom was poor while his brother became very rich. He lost his job, so he was unhappy these days.He was in a bad mood because he lost his job. 4.韩惠不但歌唱得好, 而且舞也跳得好.5.我

21、本打算昨天告诉你, 但你不在办公室. Han Hui can not only sing well, but also dance well.Not only does Han Hui sing well, but also she dances well. I meant to tell you yesterday, but you were not in your office. I had wanted/intended to tell you yesterday, but you were not in your office. 段落(设计好一个段落)一般说来, 一个段落由三部分组成:

22、 主题句,扩展句和结论句.主题句提出的论述的主题, 扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明,结论句总结全文,在论证的基础上得出结论. 这三者是段落的必要成分,他们相辅相成,构成一个完整的段落. 有些段落还有过渡句,它起到段与段之间的顺利过渡.1.主题句1) 主题句的位置 : 请找出段落的主题句Smoking is harmful to your health. Experiment show that smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious disease cancer, smoking can also cause other h

23、ealth problems. For example, it gives one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or the terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? Albert Einstein, one of the worlds greatest scientists, failed in hi

24、s university entrance exam on his first attempt. William Faulkner, one of Americas famous writers, never finished college because he could not pass his English courses. Sir Winston Churchill, who is considered one of the masters of the English language, was very poor in English during middle school.

25、 These few examples show that school does not always predict failure in life. Karaok, which was invented by a Japanese, one of the greatest wonders of modern technology. Needless to say, Karaok is a good way of rest. You can learn a new song easily. Its also a good way to make your friends happy. Ne

26、arly every body has a chance to be a singing star. However, everything has two sides, so does Karaok. Its noisy to your neighbors. Besides, if you sing badly, they will feel uncomfortable. In fact, you are sure to make a sound pollution 2)写好主题句, 有两条原则1.主题句要明确, 句中须有一个词,词组,或从句让读者一目了然本段的确切主题, 明确本段的重点或观

27、点. 例如: This paragraph will talk about birds.这句作为主题句就太笼统, 不确切. 试比较以下几句, 下列几个主题句就确切地阐明了段落的主题:a. Birds have a great sense of direction.b. Pet owners prefer certain species of birds.c. In my opinion, a bird makes a better pet than a cat does.d. Birds are suffering from air-pollution.2.主题句要概括, 它陈述你要说明的重点

28、和观点,句中必须包含有可扩展主题的词,词组或从句. 他应该是你将进一步表明你的态度和看法的概括. 同时, 主题句有利于控制作者本人的主题的扩展. 例如: The young girl studied Chinese History. 该主题句未能概括主题的要点,则不利于下面的扩展. 最好增添一个词或一个短语来修改这个句子,以便顺利地展开你的主题. 例如:a. The young girl eagerly studied Chinese History.b. The young girl found three reasons for studying Chinese History.2. 下面

29、各段没有主题句,请根据全段内容拟定一个主题句.1) _. For example teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is very difficult to calculate the true value of services which

30、 people perform for us. The conditions of society are such that sills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at shop. Everyone has something to sell. Everyone lives by selling something.2) _. Before entering a house in Japan, it is a good manner to take off your shoes. In Europe

31、an countries even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house never finishes a drink. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough. In a Malaysian house, too, a guest leaves a little food. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he has

32、 enjoyed it. It seems that manners in different countries are never the same.Different countries and different races have different manners.3) _. Fire can heat water, cook, give out light and keep your house warm. Sometimes, however, big fires can burn down houses and forests. For example, the big f

33、ire caused by Yuanming Palace, a famous palace in Qing Dynasty, ruined completely. So we must be very careful with matches, burning cigarettes, faulty electric appliances or unquenched(未扑灭的) fires Be careful with fire because it does not always do us good.扩展句 扩展句的作用是丰富,支持,扩展主题句的内涵. 他们是段落的血和肉. 扩展句的表达

34、形式是多种多样的, 可以按时间或空间顺序, 从整体到局部从局部到整体的方法叙述,描写, 说明或议论, 也可用比较,对比, 比喻, 推导,归纳,演绎的手段来展现. 单一性: 一个段落只说明一个问题, 讲述一件事, 扩展句必须紧紧地围绕着主题句, 不偏离中心思想. 通常对扩展句的要求有两个 : 单一性和连贯性 找出一个违背单一性的句子. China has made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about one ha

35、lf since 1970. It is wrong of the western governments to find fault with its policies of elimination of poverty. China now urges each family to have no more than one child. And it hopes to reach zero population growth, the number of birth equaling the number of death, by the year 2000. 连贯性: 段落中各扩展句前

36、后衔接,条理清楚,合乎逻辑, 使读者很容易抓住段落的中心思想.在议论文中, 我们常会谈到首先, 其次, 然后, 该如何表达?1)first, second, third, last 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally 3)the first, the second, the third, the last 4)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally5)to start with, next, in addition,/besides, last but not least 6)on the one hand,

37、on the other hand 7)for one thing, for another thing练习:根据所给的主题句和提示, 写好段落的扩展句 (1) 主题句: How excited we were when we learned that we were going to have a spring tour.afterdiscussionagreeclimbout of the cityweoften pass by mountainthe first timethink ofclimb itset outearlymorningaboutan hourbegintiredst

38、ill a long waygoshort breakgo onclimblunch timeget to the topmountainour beautiful citybelow ushappyvery tired结尾句: It proves that many things are just like climbing a mountain; they look attractive, but they are not easy to do. 参考答案:(1) After a heated discussion we agreed to climb the mountain outsi

39、de the city. We had passed by the mountain when we were taking a bus out of the city, but it was the first time we had thought of climbing it. We started early in the morning. About an hour later, we began to feel tired, but there was still a long way to go. We took a short break and then went on cl

40、imbing. Not until lunch time did we get to the top of the mountain. At sight of our beautiful city below us， we felt happy though we were tired out. 练习:根据所给的主题句和提示, 写好段落的扩展句 (2) 主题句: He was kind and shy before a group of naughty girls, but he was very strict in his teaching and with our students.tea

41、ch usa lot in knowledgeas well as in moralityI remembermy final examHave an idealook in dictionarysecretlyUnfortunatelydiscoversave my faceAfter examcallto his officemy heartbeat fastInstead of scoldingsay kindlyadvisedo goodmovedtears18 yearspasskeepremind mestudy hardhonest 参考答案:(2) He taught us a

42、 lot in knowledge as well as in morality. I remember the time of my final examination. I had the idea of looking in my dictionary secretly. Unfortunately, my secret was discovered by him and he said nothing to save my face. After the examination, I was called to his office. My heart was beating fast

43、. Instead of scolding, he talked kindly to me and advised me to do good.I was moved to tears. Eighteen years has passed, but the lesson remains deep in my memory and always reminds me to study hard and keep honest. 结论句结论句并非必不可少, 但它能起到以下的作用:(1) 表示段落的结束(2) 总结要点,与主题句相呼应(3) 供读者就本段落的主要内容和见解有个深刻的印象或进行思考 结

44、论句:(推荐)1. (主题句:Life is limited, but knowledge is boundless.)结尾句: How important it is to read good books!2.(主题句:Books are full of knowledge and wisdom.)结尾句: Why shouldnt we read more books to search more and use them to develop our splendid future? 3.(主题句:When I was a little girl, I lived with my gra

45、ndparents in a faraway village.)结尾句: Time was gone with the wind. But my childhood is like amber(琥珀), glittering in my life.感叹句疑问句比喻结论句:(推荐)1. (主题句:From Monday to Friday we go to school, and we have to do homework on Saturday and Sunday. Our rights of enjoying our weekends have been taken away by th

46、ose who wish us to do well in our lessons.)结尾句: In short, for young people, not only are we eager for knowledge but also we are thirsty for colorful lives. Lets become the real masters of weekends.2.(主题句:Success comes with hard work.)结尾句:So, as Tomas Edison once said, genius is one percent inspirati

47、on and ninety-nine percent perspiration.总结,概括引用名言基础写作四重奏: 1. 信息划分 : 确定哪些相关的信息可用一句话表达, 确保5个句子表达完所有的信息. 建议可在题目上用铅笔做 ,的标志 (完整性)2. 列出关键词组和句型 (准确性)3. 串联句子: 用正确的语法结构写出准确的句子, 并形成篇章 (连贯性)4.检查(准确性)写作内容 人物介绍：老师范例(1)1 李莎， 女，英语老师, 22岁， 米，身材苗条, 装扮入时。2 性格活泼， 爱唱爱跳， 爱开玩笑。3 教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4 与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5.常与学生

48、通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。写作要求1 题目：A Unique Teacher2 必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容3 将5个句子组织成连贯的短文步骤一：句子内容完整性将所给信息整合成5个句子1 李莎， 女， 22岁， 1。65米，身材苗条，装扮入时。2 性格活泼， 爱唱爱跳， 爱开玩笑。3 教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4 与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5 常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。本题不需要进行信息整合, 每一点一句话2. activelikesplay jokes 3. be lively and interestingplay games, not speak muc

49、h, leaves more time4. get on well with,be popular with5. communicate with. by e-mail or Internet步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型李莎， 女，英语老师, 22岁， 米，身材苗条, 装扮入时。性格活泼， 爱唱爱跳， 爱开玩笑。教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5.常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。 be slim and fashionable：A Unique Teacher Li Sha，our English teacher, is a fashionable

50、 and slim young lady, who is 22 years old, and1.65 meters tall. The active teacher likes dancing, singing，and she plays jokes with us. Her lessons are interesting and lively; she leaves us much time to practise and we often play games in class. Miss Li gets on well with us and she is very popular. A

51、fter class, she also communicate with us by e-mail or Internet. 。范文1:步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇A Unique Teacher Li Sha，our English teacher, is a fashionable and slim young lady, who is 22 years old, and 1.65 meters tall. The active teacher likes dancing, singing and joking. Besides, her lessons are interesting,

52、lively; her teaching methods are also very unique, during which we often play games. She never talks much in class, instead, she leaves us much time to practise by ourselves, so all of us are interested in her lessons. Miss Li gets on well with the students; she always communicates with us by e-mail

53、 or Internet.范文2:步骤四: 检查1.时态2. 主谓一致3.名词单复数4.单词拼写5.动词的过去式, 过去分词6.句子是否完整写作内容1.地理位置: 在广东省深圳的南面2.人口约600万,面积1000余平方公里3.交通: 有现代化的港口及著名的国际机场,新修建的京九铁路把香港和祖国首都北京连接起来4. 历史: 香港自古以来是中国领土. 150 多年前英国入侵香港, 占领香港5. 回归: 1997 年7 月1日写作要求1 题目：Hong Kong2 必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容3 将5个句子组织成连贯的短文步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型步骤一: 信息划分(本题提示清晰,

54、这步可省略)1.地理位置: 在广东省深圳的南面 be located/situated-to the south of2.人口约600万,面积1000余平方公里 has a population of/ The population ofis-cover an area of3.交通: 有现代化的港口及著名的国际机场,新修建的京九铁路把香港和祖国首都北京连接起来4. 历史: 香港自古以来是中国领土. 150 多年前英国入侵香港, 占领香港5. 回归: 1997 年7 月1日 modern seaport-international airport- newly-built railway-co

55、nnectwithbelong to-invade-occupyreturn to China-on July 1st,1997： Hong Kong Hong Kong lies to the south of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province of China. It has a population of about 6,000,000 and covers an area of more than 1,000 square kilometers . It has not only the modern seaport but also the famous Ne

56、w International Airport;The newly-built railway from Beijing to Jiulong connects Hong Kong with the capital of our country. Since long ago, Hong Kong has belonged to China ; unfortunately 150 years ago the English soldiers invaded China and occupied Hong Kong by force. To the great delight of us Chinese people, Hong Kong returned to China on July 1