外刊经贸知识选读词汇(共18页)

1、lesson 1national income 国民收入(gumnshur) Comecon( Council for Mutual Economic Association) 经互会 经济(jngj)互助委员会EEC( European Economic Community) 欧共体European Common Market 欧洲(u zhu)共同市场European Community /European Union 欧洲共同体most favored nation treatment(status) 最惠国待遇the normal trade treatment(status) 正常贸

2、易待遇visible trade account 有形贸易收支minister without portfolio 政务委员 不管部部长balance of payments 国际收支invisible account 无形贸易收支current account 经常项目central bank 中央银行barter 易货贸易counter-trade 反向贸易assembly manufacturing 来件组装particular forms of foreign trade 特殊贸易做法taxation （入境后）税收 工商统一税joint venture 合资企业concessiona

3、ry finance 中国进口大型项目经常采用的由卖方提供某些方便的付款方式the World Bank and its affiliates 国际银行及其附属机构OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) 经济合作与发展织Bank of International Settlements 国际清算银行non-bank trade related credits 买方（卖方）信贷in the wake of 紧紧跟随 在 后per annum 每年in deficit 赤字 逆差in surplus 赢余 顺差cu

4、stoms duties 关税 raise(money ,funds) 筹集（款项 资金）lesson 2bamboo curtain /iron curtain country 竹幕 铁幕国家The Special Economic Zone (SEZ) 经济特区14 coastal cities(all former treaty ports) 沿海开放城市capital stock /capital stock ,real 实际资本cooperative enterprise 合作（经营）企业State Council 国务院state councilor 国务委员pipe dream

5、白日梦 幻想cope with 成功应付 妥善处理inner regions 内地foreign-exchange reserves 外汇储备technology transfer 技术转让(to start)form scratch 从零开始wholly foreign-owned 外商独资拥有capital goods 资本货物consumer goods 消费品profit-remittance 利润汇款preferential tax rate 优惠税率be liable to 有义务(yw) 应付(yng f)税的entitle to 给.权利(qunl)/资格strengths a

6、nd weaknesses 优缺点stir up 激起has yet to 有待in the drivers seat 处于统治（或控制）地位means of production 生产资料stock-taking 盘货 评估National Peoples Congress 全国人民代表大会lesson 3Per capita 按人均计算 平均Gross National Product(GNP) 国民生产总值punitive import tariff 惩罚性进口关税securities and real estate market 政权及房地产市场Greater China trade

7、bloc/Chinese Economic Area 大中华贸易集团 华人经济区high-tech ,high-wage economy 高技术 高工资经济General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税及贸易总协定WTO/World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织conglomerate 跨行业公司semiconductor chips 半导体集成电路芯片consortium 国际财团CITIC(China International Trust and Investment Company) 中国国际信托投资公司China Resour

8、ces Inc 香港华润有限公司economic heavyweight 举足轻重的经济强国dump truck 翻斗车tractor-trailer 牵引拖车container plant 集装箱工厂commercial hub 商业活动中心warning shot 鸣枪示警intensifying rivalry 不断增强的竞争对抗conveyor belt 输送带preferred status 优先权have a stake in 与 有利害关系appendix lesson1-lesson3productive forces 生产力cash corps 经济作物multi-party

9、 election 多党竞选a balance of the three powers 三权分立the western two-chamber system 西方两院（议会）制House of Lords/House of Commons 上议院/下议院the Senate/House of Representatives 参议院/众议院anarchy 无政府状态Presidium 共产党国家政府常务委员会standard of living 生活水平give priority to 最优先考虑surplus labour 剩余劳动力political persuasion 政治派别the s

10、ate apparatus 国家机器keep abreast of 与 齐头并进bureaucratism 官僚主义(gunliozhy) 官僚(gunlio)体系democratization 民主化lesson 4GDP(Gross Domestic Product) 国内生产总值Central and Eastern Europe 地处(d ch)中东欧的前社会主义国家Gulf Crisis 海湾危机the G-7/the Group of Seven 七国集团Continental Europe 欧洲大陆deinflationary policies 反通胀政策cyclical dec

11、eleration in investment spending 周期性的投资下降hard currency 硬通货Paris Club 巴黎俱乐部Commodity Market 商品市场nominal(dollar)terms 名义（美圆）价constant(dollar)terms 不变（美圆）价格unification 东西德统一anti-inflationary monetary policy 反通货膨胀货币政策GDP(GNP) deflator 消除国内（民）生产总值通货膨胀因素指数structural problems 由于社会体制或管理制度不完善引起的问题highly leve

12、raged corporate transactions 公司用大量借来的钱进行交易current account 经常项目transfers (component) 资本转移（部分）war-related payments 战争费用的支付European Monetary System(EMS) 欧洲货币体系the Exchange Rate Mechanism 汇率管理机制real output 以不变价格计算的产品价值the spike in oil prices 石油价格猛跌the population-weighted growth rate(of developing countr

13、ies GDP) 人口加权增长率debt restructuring 债务调整direct investment 证券投资the Gulf Countries 海湾国家in a row 连续per capita income 人均收入high rates of growth 高增长率domestic demand 国内需求debt rescheduling 重新安排债务的偿还计划rental housing 出租房屋tax-cut-induced boom 由减税引发的繁荣pick-up 好转portfolio investment 证券投资catch-up 竞争couple with 并提

14、把联系起来workers remittance 工人侨汇bottoming-out 经济衰退局面等降至最低点后即将复苏lesson 5US policy on Trade 美国贸易政策be prepared to do something 有准备的the US trade representative 美国贸易谈判代表result-oriented/export-oriented/growth-oriented/market-oriented 以结果为导向的NAFTA(North America Free Trade Agreements) 北美自由贸易协定(government)procur

15、ement 政府(zhngf)采购news service 通讯社drawn-out 冗长(rngchng)乏味的full-fledged 充分(chngfn)展开的 全面贸易战misgiving(s) 疑虑to ease frictions 缓和争执 减少摩擦tough negotiator 不妥协的谈判者sanction(s) 国际制裁impose against 对 实行制裁trade sanctions 贸易制裁(trade)hawks 在贸易中主张实行制裁的人lesson 6the Single Market 统一市场Maastricht Treaty 马斯特里赫特条约（欧洲联盟条约

16、）free-trade zone 自由贸易区Masstircht referendum 欧共体一些成员国对马斯特里赫特条约进行的公民复决投票merger 兼并staff writer 本报记者holiday fliers 乘飞机外出度假的人big bang 大爆炸barrier-free market 自由市场（无壁垒市场）traverse the ocean 横渡重洋wind up 把事务料理停当lesson 7White Paper 白皮书Uruguay round of trade talks 乌拉圭回合贸易谈判fiscal packages 财政一揽子计划industrial comm

17、odities 技术产品 耐用消费品the business cycle 商业周期managed trade 管理贸易export-driven 以出口为目的trade balance 贸易差额trade sanctions 贸易制裁trade reprisal 贸易报复lesson 4 - lesson 7power broker （能影响有权势人物以操纵权利的人）权利经纪人vested interests 既得利益power play 强权行为 高压行动civil service 行政部门protectionism 保护贸易制lesson 8dumping 倾销licenser 转让人in

18、solvency 无偿还能力的/资不抵债market force 市场力量a hermit nation 一个闭关自守的国家fledgling industries 新兴(xnxng)工业bargain-basement 极便宜(biny)的subsistence level 勉强(min qing)糊口的生活水平lesson 9OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 石油输出国家组织tenders 招标invitation to tender /submission of tender 招标 投标Chinese Export C

19、ommodities Fair 中国出口商品交易会reexports 再出口certificate of origin 产地证明书sovereignty dispute 主权争端carbon tax 双重税semi-wrought 半成品lesson 10GATT （the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade） 关税及贸易总协定on a conservative estimate /on one plausible estimate /at a rough estimate 据保守估计/合理估算/粗略估计countervailing duty 反补贴税

20、intellectual property right 知识产权trade in services 服务贸易lobby 院外活动集团economic growth 促进经济发展make sense 讲得通 合情合理in prospect 期望重的 展望中的wreck the economy 破坏经济a question that has long bedeviled the West 长期以来困扰西方carry ones heart in ones boots 吓得要命 焦虑万分mule-headed 顽固的 固执的replace with 代替 取代pose a threat 形成一种威胁b

21、e in breach of 违反 与 相违背for the taking 供自由拿取lesson 11the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference 联合国货币金融会议convertible currency 可兑换货币cartel 垄断组织形式dip into 动用（款项）the U.S. department of commerce 美国商务部client state 在经济或政治方面依靠某一大国的附属国prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事hammer out 设计出break down 崩溃h

22、orse-soldier 骑兵debt service /interest payment 利息付款provisions 条款tend to 易于 往往会part with 花掉stuck with 缠住 陷入困境set out 打算(d sun)take title 取得(qd)所有权lesson 12soft drink 软饮料holy war 圣战(shn zhn)test market /test marketing 试销市场 试销bottler 瓶装商baby-boomer 生育高峰期出生的人coupons 赠券 优惠券sleeper 出人意料的成功者 爆冷门的人exclusive

23、contract 独家经销合同franchise 特许经营权be spoiling for 一心想 切望live up to 负荷 达到keep track of 看清 跟上 进展fill out 凑足 补齐pony up (美俚)付清come in for 受到 遭到 arm-twisting 强迫 压力do a little arm-twisting 略施压力settle for 勉强接受lesson 13fast food shops 快餐店USDA (the United States Department of Agriculture) 美国农业部the wet market 出售未

24、加工的肉、鱼、禽蛋的市场account for （在数量 比例方面）占promote sales 推销商品luck draw 幸运抽奖lesson 14financial futures 以期货方法进行交易的有价证券securities 有价证券the equity market /equity /common stock ordinary share 一般股票市场/以出售普通股票方法所筹集的公司资金/普通股票the money market /capital market 货币市场 资本市场UNCTAD(United Nations Conference on Trade and Devel

25、opment) 联合国贸易和发展会议temperate 适中的 非极端的the service sector 服务部门export quota system 出口配额制to cope with 妥善处理 成功应付dollar-denominated 以美元标价的take its toll 造成损失protectionism 保护（贸易）主义lesson 15Telex /teletypewriter exchange 用户电报 电传big bang 大爆炸 改革the US budget trade 美国国家预算批准的政府海外采购spot market 现货(xinhu)市场EX-wareho

26、use 仓库(cngk)交货the previous weeks closing level 伦敦五金交易所周末(zhum)最终交易的价格平均水平closing price 收盘价格terminal prices 期货价格futures market /terminal market 期货市场International Coffee Organization(ICO) 国际咖啡组织the physical market /spot market 现货市场replacement /replenishment 补充库存at origin /at the place of origin 原产地auc

27、tion 拍卖come in 上涨discount rate 贴现率set in 到来 开始in the event 结果 到头来the Commonwealth 英联邦（为招揽顾客）亏本出售的商品loss leader白皮书white paper半成品semi-wrought半导体集成电路芯片semiconductor chips半导体技术semiconductor technology半分离的semi-detached保护贸易论者protectionist报关单customs formalities暴发户nouveau riche爆炸性增长explosive growth北美自由贸易协定N

28、orth America Free-Trade Agreements被特许人franchisee逼真仿制品close imitation贬值devaluation补偿贸易compensation trade补偿贸易协定补偿协定compensation agreements不变价格constant price不变美元价格constant dollar terms不公平贸易？unfair trade不公正的贸易做法unfair trading practices不管部长minister without portfolio不妥协的谈判者a tough negotiator布罗肯希尔协定broken

29、hill agreement部分停止供电brownout仓库ware house产地证明书certificate of origin产权资本equity capital长期贸易协议long-term trade agreement长远的战略long-term strategy常规软饮料regular soft drinks场外货币curb money超级市场supermarket撤消金融管制规定financial deregulation撤销（价格、费用方面的）管制(gunzh)规定deregulation承包人contractor惩罚性进口关税punitive import tariff出口

30、(ch ku)补贴export subsidy出口(ch ku)导向export-oriented出口配额export quota出口配额制度export quota system出口潜力export potential出口商品展览会Export Commodity Fair初级产品primary products初级产品primary goods初级商品primary commodity初始主题the opening themes粗略的估计at a rough estimate促进出口boost exports存货清单inventory大爆炸改革Big bang大规模销售活动大中华贸易集团g

31、reat China trade bloc呆滞dull当地需求local requirements得到进入一个市场的机会（权利）obtain access to a market底价的原材料bargain-price raw materials定量结果quantifiable results定制customization读者文摘Readers Digest独家经销合同exclusive contract短期回升a brief rally短期名义利率short-term nominal interest rates对等价值equivalent value对等贸易countertrade对外借贷f

32、oreign borrowing对外贸易额the volume of foreign trade多边规则multilateral rules多边贸易multilateral trade多元经营pluralistic operations反补贴税，抵消关税，（反倾销税）countervailing duty反弹bounce back反倾销关税antidumpling duties反通货膨胀货币政策anti-inflationary monetary policy反通胀政策！deinflationary policies反托拉斯，反垄断anti-trust反向购买counterpurchase反向

33、贸易counter-trade房地产real estate ;real property ;realty非关税壁垒non-tariff barriers非耐用商品soft commodity峰会at the summit meeting服务部门the service sector服务贸易service trade /trade in service附属国client state复印机photocopier副产品，副作用spin-offs高风险资产(zchn)risk-weighted assets高技术high-tech / high technology高增长率high rates of g

34、rowth个人所得税personal income tax/individual income tax工厂(gngchng)现代化plant modernization工人(gng rn)侨汇workers remittance工业结构industrial structure工业巨头industrial giants公开招标public tender公民复决投票referendum供求模式the pattern of supply and demand供需supply and demand供应短缺supply shortages供应过剩glut of supplies共同农业政策Common

35、Agriculture Policy股票交易所the stock exchange股票市场stock market，（the equity market）股权式合资企业equity joint venture关税；进口税customs duties关税及贸易总协定，关贸总协定General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade，GATT硅谷Silicon Valley国际财团Consortium国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund国际货币制度the international monetary system国际机构internation

36、al bodies国际金融机构international financial institution国际收支balance of payments国际营销international marketing国民生产总值Gross national product, GNP国民收入national income国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product, GDP国内需求domestic demand国务委员state councilor国务院State Council国有跨行业公司a state-owned conglomerate国有企业state-owned enterprises海

37、关关税与税收customs duties and taxation海湾危机Gulf Crisis合资企业joint venture!合作企业cooperative enterprise合作企业the co-operatives合作者collaborator汇兑制度currency exchange system汇率管理机制the Exchange Rate Mechanism混合经济mixed economy货币储备currency reserve货币交易currency exchange货币流通currency movements货币市场money market货币政策monetary po

38、licy基础电子元件basic electronic components基督教科学(kxu)箴言报the Christian Science Monitor即期与远期(yun q)外汇spot and future exchanges集装箱工厂(gngchng)container plant计算机芯片computer chips技术转让technology transfer既得利益vested interests价格坚挺firm price 价格上涨price hike价格指数price index减少摩擦to ease frictions贱金属base metals结果consequenc

39、e金融体制financial system金融危机the financial crisis紧缩计划austerity program进口附加税import surcharge进口汇票import bill进口配额import quotas进口税import duty 进口需求import demand进口指标import targets禁运embargo经常项目!current account经纪业务brokerage services经济复苏economic recovery经济改革economic reform经济技术开发区Economic & Technical Development

40、Zone经济家信息小组economist intelligence unit经济僵化economic rigidities经济利益economic benefits经济失衡economic imbalances经济衰退economic recession经济特区the Special Economic Zone经济增长economic growth经济作物cash crops经销商（瓶装商）bottler净值net worth 竞争优势competitive advantages竞争优势competitive edge举足轻重的经济强国economic heavyweight据保守估计on a

41、 conservative estimate据合理的推算on a plausible estimate!据目前估计on current estimate可兑换货币convertible currency可支配收入 disposable income 克林顿政府the Clinton administration跨行业公司conglomerate快餐店fast food shops宽限期grace period来件组装assembly manufacturing蓝图blueprint利润汇款profit-remittance利息(lx)付款debt service /interest payme

42、nt联合国贸易和发展会议United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 良好(lingho)的基础设施good infrastructure临时(ln sh)估算provisional estimate零售retail sale零售市场retail market流动资产liquid assets略施压力do a little arm-twisting伦敦五金交易所London Metal Exchange马斯特里赫特条约Maastricht Treaty贸易报复trade reprisal贸易壁垒trade barriers贸易差额trad

43、e balance, balance of trade贸易代表trade representative贸易顾问a trade consultant贸易结构structure of trade贸易纠纷trade disputes贸易摩擦trade friction贸易逆差，入超，贸易赤字trade deficit贸易歧视trade discrimination贸易顺差, 贸易盈余, 出超trade surplus贸易谈判trade negotiation贸易条件terms of trade贸易统计数据trade statistics贸易展销会！trade fairs and exhibition

44、s贸易制裁trade sanction贸易自由化trade literalisation每人平均所得per capita income美国贸易谈判代表the US trade representative美国贸易政策US policy on trade美国商务部the U.S. department of commerce秘密配方secret recipe名义美元价nominal dollar terms目前最先进的state-of-the-art内地inner regions牛市与熊市bull market and bear market农业保护farm protection浓缩浆汁syru

45、p concentrate欧共体European Economic Community！欧佩克（石油输出国组织）OPEC欧洲悲观主义Europessimism欧洲大陆European continent欧洲共同体（旧名）European Community欧洲经济共同体，欧共体Eruopean Economic Community欧洲联盟European Union欧洲一体化European integration拍卖auction批发商wholesalers评估，估量；盘货stock-taking破产bankruptcy普通股票common stock, ordinary share七国集团

46、the G-7, the Group of Seven期货市场(q hu sh chn)futures market歧视(qsh)discrimination契约(qyu)劳工indentured labor千年回合millennium round前身precursor强硬的政策tough policy勤奋和忠实diligence and sincerity轻工业制品light manufactured items倾销dumping清淡市场quiet market清算协定Clearing Agreements取得所有权take title全国人民代表大会National Peoples Con

47、gress全球化生产global manufacturing雀巢股份有限公司Nestle SA让利profit-taking set人均per capita人均国内生产总值per capita/head GDP(gross domestic products)人均收入per capita income人口加权增长率the population-weighted growth rate软饮料soft drink锐步国际有限公司Reebok International Ltd.商会chamber of commerce商品市场commodity market商品指数commodity indexe

48、s商业活动中心commercial hub商业银行commercial banks 商业周期the business cycle生产成本the costs of production生产过剩surplus produce生产力productive forces生产资料means of production生育高峰期出生的人baby-boomer剩余劳动力surplus labour实际资本capital stock食用蛋类shell eggs使用人licensee世界贸易组织World Trade Organization，WTO世界银行及其附属机构the World Bank and its

49、 affiliates市场导向market oriented, market orientation市场多样化market diversification市场分额market share市场观察者market watcher市场力量market forces试销test marketing试销市场test market收盘价closing price收入差距income gap输送带；传送带conveyor belt双边关系bilateral pressures双边贸易bilateral trade双边顺差bilateral surplus双边条约！bilateral pacts双重(shun

50、gchng)税carbon tax税额(shu )优惠tax breaks私营企业(s yn q y)private business特别提款权the Special Drawing Right特许经营权franchise特许人franchiser贴现率discount rate通货紧缩deflation统一大市场the Single Market投标to submit tender, submission of tender投机生意speculative business投资基金investment funds突破性的进展breakthrough推销商品promote sales妥协comp

51、romise外汇储备foreign-exchange reserves外汇收入foreign exchange earnings外商独资wholly foreign-owned外资独资企业wholly foreign-owned operation乌拉圭回合谈判the Uruguay round talk无壁垒市场,(自由市场)barrier-free market无偿还能力insolvency无形贸易invisible trade无形贸易收支invisible trade account, invisible account物质繁荣material prosperity西式餐厅western

52、-style restaurants鲜蛋市场fresh egg market现货市场physical market现货市场spot market相对优势relative advantage削价战price-cutting war消费品customer goods消费物价指数consumer price index消费者consumer萧条depression销售潜力the vast potential sales协议草案the draft agreement新兴工业fledgling industries新兴企业newly-rising enterprises !幸运抽奖luck draw需求

53、不振sluggish demand 需求疲软weakness in demand延期付款concessionary finance沿海城市coastal cities一次性包装single-serving box一个闭关自守的国家a hermit nation一篮子货币basket of currencies一揽子财政计划（方案）fiscal packages一轮成败参半的谈判a half-successful round以结果为导向的results-oriented以美元标价的dollar-denominated以期货方法进行(jnxng)交易的有价证券financial futures易货

54、贸易(y hu mo y)barter trade银行(ynhng)合并merger of banks营销计划marketing programs硬通货hard currency优惠税率 （优惠关税2004）preferential tax rate优先权preferred status由减税引发的繁荣tax-cut-induced boom有价证券securities有经验的贸易官员a veteran trade official有形贸易收支the visible trade account有形贸易收支!visible trade accounts有形贸易余额the visible trad

55、e surplus右翼政治家right-wing politicians预期经济增长率growth target预示foreshadows预算赤字budget deficit原产地证明书certificate of origin原油crude oil援助assistance远东经济评论Far Eastern Economic Review再出口reexports增值税value-added taxes赠券（优惠券）coupons债权人creditor债务调整（作豁免，延期）debt restructuring债务国debtor nations战争费用的支付war-related payment

56、s涨落不定irregular招标invitation to tender,to invite tender, 招标tenders征收进口附加税impose import !证券及房地产市场securities and real estate markets证券交易所stock exchange!证券投资portfolio investment政府采购government procurement政府投资的商业企业pump-priming operation政治一体化political integration知识产权intellectual property right直接补贴direct sub

57、sidies直接投资direct investment指令directive制成品manufactured goods制造商manufacturer质量证书certificate of quality智囊团，顾问班子brain trust中国出口商品交易会Chinese Export Commodities Fair中小企业small and medium-size businesses中央银行central bank重工业heavy industry重新安排债务的偿还计划debt rescheduling重新配方reformulation竹幕bamboo curtain主权(zhqun)争端

58、sovereignty dispute主张强硬贸易政策(zhngc)的鹰派人物trade hawks专利(zhunl)使用资格licensing requirements转让人licenser资本货物capital goods资本流动capital flow资本市场capital market资本转移capital transfer资本转移部分transfers component资产负债表balance sheet自给自足的self-sufficient自然资源natural resources 自由贸易free trade自由贸易区free-trade zone!自由市场barrier-f

59、ree market !自由市场free market自由市场理论free-market philosophy纵向结合vertical integration走私smuglling最畅销品牌the best-selling brand最大的分额the lions share最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment (status)国民收入 national income欧共体EEC( European Economic Community)欧洲共同市场European Common Market欧洲共同体European Community /European Un

60、ion最惠国待遇most favored nation treatment(status)正常贸易待遇the normal trade treatment(status)有形贸易收支visible trade account不管部部长minister without portfolio国际收支balance of payments无形贸易收支invisible account经常项目current account中央银行central bank易货贸易barter反向贸易counter-trade来件组装assembly manufacturing合资企业joint venture国际银行及其