汶川地震及震后建筑等方面影响 英

1、The Great Earthquake of WenchuanDate： 2015. 05. 14Name: Wang Hanyu On 2008. 5. 12（Monday）.14h 28min共二十一页Introduction of disasterStructureTransportationTemporary HousingActivityContentContent共二十一页Introduction of DisasterEpicenter : The earthquake happened in Wenchuan County of Sichuan Province, which

2、 is on the west-northwest 79 km far from the capital of Sichuan province. Longitude 103.4 , latitude 31.0.Focal depth is 33 km.Introduction of DisasterFocus of the Earthquake 共二十一页Intensity Map of Wenchuan EarthquakeMagnitude : Surface wave magnitude quake reached 8.0Ms. Moment magnitude was 8.3Mw.(

3、According to the data of China Seismological Bureau)Earthquake intensity might reach 11 degrees.Introduction of Disaster共二十一页Effect: Damage area is over 100,000 km2.China mainland, except Jilin City, Heilongjiang City, and Xinjiang Provinces, all the other provinces felt it. Hong Kong and Macao felt

4、 three minutes after the earthquake happened. Taiwan felt it eight minutes after. Hanoi, Bangkok, Thailand, and Pakistan respectively felt it 5, 6 and 10 minutes after.Introduction of Disaster共二十一页Died People69227Injured People374,643Missing People17,923(Before 12:00 on September 25th, 2008)Collapse

5、d House7,789,100Damaged House24,590,000Damaged Highway16Damaged Railway6Damage of the Wenchuan EarthquakeIntroduction of Disaster共二十一页Residence Buildings 27.4Infrastructure 21.9 Non-residential Buildings 20.4Other 30.3 Direct Economic Damage 845.1 billion yuanDirect Economic Damage of the Wenchuan E

6、arthquakeIntroduction of Disaster共二十一页Water Lack of clean water.Disease Bodies of dead lives were too many. It may cause disease. Gas leaks.Garbage Architecture garbage only has been 600 million ton; Medical garbage.Ecological Problemsa large number of animals and plants are destroyed.Access All acc

7、esses were damaged. It is difficult to transport supplies from outside world to affected areas.Good thingsNo large Fire Because it rained when earthquake happened.No Flood Lakes are dams were restored in time. Some serious problems after the earthquake happened: Introduction of Disaster共二十一页Use imme

8、diatelyNeed strengthenStop usingTear down Brick-wood0(0)2(50)0(0)2(50)Brick42(21)74(37)33(16)52(26)Brick-frame20(48)9(21)4(10)9(21)Frame 66(63)40(38)8(8)9(9)Frame-shear wall (core tube)5(71)2(29)0(0)0(0)Light steel (roof) /steel truss arch4(57)3(43)0(0)0(0)Building Damage Statistics (According to th

9、e Structure Classification)StructureStructure共二十一页Use immediatelyNeed strengthenStop usingTear down BrickBrick-FrameFrameDamage Compare of Three StructuresStructure共二十一页Frame Structure Most main structures of the frame structure buildings were damaged lightly in the earthquake. Mainly damageThe node

10、 part of structure. Building envelope and infilled wall.StructureNode Part DamageEnvelop and Infilled Wall Damage共二十一页Brick-wood StructureCost is low. Widely used in towns and villages. Easy to happen partial collapse and roof damage. Structure共二十一页Flight-The Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport

11、closed immediately.Railways-There is 31 guest train and one 149 goods train were affected. Some trains loading oil fired.Highways- 21 built highways, 5 highways which are building were damaged. 5 National Highways and 11 State Highways were seriously damaged. Destroyed village roads reached 24,103 k

12、ilometers. TransportationTransportation共二十一页Reaction: By hand climbing and walking.Helicopter(can not land) and parachute jumping.Restored as soon as possible. Some cars went to give support according to how many can pass the restore way.Transportation共二十一页ShelterMore than 4600 million people were a

13、ffected.More than 15 million people needed to transfer to safe place.Jiuzhou Gym of Mianyang CityCan hold 6050 people.The only shelter that could put to use immediately after the earthquake.Became the shelter for more than 100,000 people.Shelter共二十一页2,000 square meters of houses by bamboo structure

14、were built, as classrooms, resettlement houses and other temporary buildings.Bamboo structure houses Temporary houseTentsVillagers were building temporary housing by themselvesShelter共二十一页Workers pour concrete floor for the simple houses. Wall box can immediately be used without waiting for the ceme

15、nt to dry. It will be easy for plastic wall to combine with the cement ground and save time also.ShelterPlastic Simple HousesThe public kitchen and bathroom will be located at the beginning and end of each row of houses.共二十一页Portable HousesUsing lightweight materials.Each covering 20 m2.Windows and doors.Easy to install and move.ShelterTemporary operating roomsTemporary hospitalsTemporary shops made by tents共二十一页 Militaries DoctorsVolunteers World professional teamsActivity Activity共二十一页Th