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1、京杭大运河英文介绍TheGrandCanalistheworldslongestman-madewaterway,being1,800kilometerslong.ThecanalconnectsthepresentcitiesofBeijinginthenorthandHangzhouinthesouth,whichservedasdynasticcapitalsinthepast,andcontains24locksand60bridges.SincemostofChinasmajorriversflowfromwesttoeast,thefactthattheGrandCanalruns
2、northandsouthprovidesitasanimportantconnectorbetweentheYangtzeRivervalleyandtheYellowRivervalley,andotherminorriversystems.Itisbeingrestoredasawater-diversionconduit.TheseriesofwaterwaysineasternChinaisnotonlyverylong,butalsoveryold,whichmakestheGrandCanalamasterpieceofboththeancientandthenew.Theold
3、estsection,thatbetweentheYangtzeRiverandtheHuangHe,wasconstructedduringthe4thand5thcenturiesB.C.Thebuildingofthecanalbeganin486B.C.duringtheZhouDynastry.ItwasextendedduringtheQiDynastry,andlaterbyEmpororYangdioftheSuiDynastyduringsixyearsoffuriousconstructionfrom605-610A.D.TheshiftingofChinasbreadba
4、sketfromthewheatandmilletproducingregionsofthenorthtothericefieldsofthesouthpromptedSuiDynastyemperorsinthe6thcenturytoconstructthecanallinkingthisproductivesouthernregiontothenortherncaptials.Beginningin584,existingportionsofthecanal,datingasfarbackastheZhoudanasty,werelinkedtogetherintoaunifiedsys
5、temthatstrechedsome1800kilometers.ThesouthernsectionconnectedthenorthtoYangzhouontheYangtzeriver.Abranchbuiltin608-609thatledtotheBeijingregionwasdesignedtosupplythearmiesprotectingthenorthandnortheasternfrontiers.TheGrandCanalgreatlyimprovedtheadministrationanddefenseofChinaandservedtoincreasetheec
6、onomicinterdependenceofthenorthandsouth.ThepoliticalunityundertheSuimadeitpossibletobuildtheGrandImperialCanal.Buildingtechniqueswereprimitive,andthepeasants,whodidmostofthework,enduredmuchsuffering.AbouthalfofthesixmillionmenrecruitedtobuildtheCanaldiedattheirwork.Thiscontributedtothedownfallofthes
7、hortlivedSuiDynasty(589-618).ThisartificialNileaccomplishedforChinawhattherealNilehaddoneforEgyptthousandsofyearsago.Itintegratedthenorthandthesouthandformedthebasisforaunfiednationaleconomy.ItalsorestoredtheauthorityoftheimperialofficialswhowereneededfortheadministrationandmaintenanceoftheCanal.Hen
8、cethefoundationswerelaidforthebrilliantepochoftheTangDynasty(618-907)asChinaemergedasthemostpowerfulstateintheworld.英文版的京杭大运河介绍ThecapitalHangzhouGrandCanal,theabbreviationcanal,andtostandsidebysideserveastheengineeringthegreatestinChinaancienttimestotheGreatWall.BeijingisriseninnorthincapitalHangzho
9、uGrandCanal,andsouthistoHangzhou,andeconomizingthroughBeijing,TianjinandHebeiProvince,Shandong,JiangsuProvinceandZhejiangfour,linkingupthebigriversystemofHaiheRiver,HuangheRiver,HuaiheRiver,ChangjiangRiverandQiantangRiverfive,lengthoverallis1794kilometers.Beginsfivecenturiesspringandautumnlastphaseo
10、fchiselbeforetheChristianerainthecapitalHangzhouGrandCanal,andWuWangfuislessthanopeningditch(Hansditch)forfellingtheneatchiselriver,canopenthenavigationorairflighttoQinDynastytimeSuzhoutoZhenjiang,morethaniscalledthesouthoftheRivercanal.AfterwardsopeninggrowingandwideningthroughSuiYangemperor,untila
11、rrivingfirst29years(1292)years,havesathoroughknowledgeofintheallfrontsthatgrandfatheraccomplishedHangYunheincapitalinfirstlifetime.RunthroughthemainarteryofnorthandsouthwhenbecomingtheunitandtheMingDynastyandunmixed,andistakingtheimportanteffectinthecommunicationsandtransportation.Onlyamongthemonesmallsectioniskeepedopening
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