雅思作文百变句型课件

1、1第三部分 百变句型第1页，共41页。2简单句与并列句名词性、定语、状语从句现在分词、过去分词第2页，共41页。3并列句It was raining hard today, I didnt go to school.It was raining hard today, therefore, I didnt go to school. It was raining hard today; (therefore, )I didnt go to school. It was raining hard today, and therefore, I didnt go to school. It was

2、 raining hard today, so I didnt go to school. 第3页，共41页。连词对应副词顺承and/ not only but also/ ;then/ In addition/ additionally/ further/ furthermore/ moreover/ besides/ what is more/ also选择or/ otherwisealternatively因果for/ sotherefore/ thereby/ thus/ hence/ as a result/ as a consequence/ consequently对比while

3、(whilst)/ whereasmeanwhile/ at the same time/ in the meantime转折but/ yethowever/ nevertheless/ nonetheless /yet并列连词第4页，共41页。5I didnt go to school today. Because for one thing, it was raining hard, for another, I didnt feel well.第5页，共41页。6定语从句This is the man who is beaten by his wife. This is the man

4、who was beaten by his wife.This is the man who is being beaten by his wife.This is the man who has been beaten by his wife.This is the woman who beats her husband.This is the woman who beat her husband.This is the woman who is beating her husband.This is the woman who has beaten her husband.beatenbe

5、atenbeing beatenhaving been beatenbeatingbeatingbeatinghaving beaten第6页，共41页。7定语从句与非谓语动词的转换(7-8)which + be= /which + do = doing 第7页，共41页。8定语从句环境污染是人类所面临的最严重的挑战之一。 face/ confront; be faced with/ be confronted withEnvironmental pollution/ degradation/ deterioration is one of the greatest challenges wh

6、ich face / which are faced with human beings.Environmental pollution/ degradation/ deterioration is one of the greatest challenges facing human beings/ faced with human beings.thorn 荆棘 thorny 棘手的第8页，共41页。9The students who like sports are playing basketball.The students, who like sports, are playing

7、basketball.定语从句The students like sports, and they are playing basketball.第9页，共41页。10并列句和非限制性定语从句的转换(6-7)两个主语相同，由and , but 或者so连接的并列句，其中的任何一个分句都可以改为非限制性定语从句。第10页，共41页。11定语从句动物实验非常野蛮和残忍，因此应当被禁止。野蛮：barbaric, brutal残忍：cruel, inhumane, merciless, ruthless, callousAnimal testing is cruel and barbaric so i

8、t should be forbidden.改前半句：Animal testing, (which is) cruel and barbaric, should be forbidden. *改后半句：Animal testing is cruel and barbaric, which should be forbidden. 第11页，共41页。12定语从句言论自由是最神圣的人权，但是它被媒体审查制度的引进所侵犯了。言论自由：freedom of expression/speech媒体审查制度：media censorshipFreedom of expression is the mos

9、t holy human right, but it is violated by the introduction of media censorship.改前半句：Freedom of expression, (which is) the most holy human right, is violated by the introduction of media censorship. *改后半句：Freedom of expression is the most holy human right, which is violated by the introduction of med

10、ia censorship. 第12页，共41页。13violateinvadeinfringe onintrude onright (of/ to) to live/ survive of survival/ subsistence to know the truth to workhuman rightsprivacy (of celebrities)freedom of speech/ expression of the pressbe a violation ofan invasion ofan infringementan intrusion of(brutal, brazen)de

11、prive sb. ofbe a deprivation of“侵犯权利”第13页，共41页。14keep sb. in captivitycapital sentence/ death penalty(per person/ head/ capita)physical / corporal punishmentThe installation of surveillance cameras in public places第14页，共41页。15Hosting Olympic games can increase the government revenue, and brings huge

12、 amounts of foreign currency.Hosting Olympic games can increase the government revenue, (meanwhile) bringing huge amounts of foreign currency.主谓，and主谓 主谓，(meanwhile/ then)谓ing并列句与伴随状语的转换(6-8)第15页，共41页。16Advertising is cheating and misleading, so it attracts people to buy things that they do not want

13、.Advertising is cheating and misleading, therefore attracting people to buy things that they do not want.主谓，so 主谓 主谓，therefore/ thereby/ thus/ hence 谓ing并列句与伴随状语的转换(6-8)第16页，共41页。17状语从句When she was talking in class, she was criticized by her teacher.After she was criticized by her teacher, she felt

14、depressed.Because she felt depressed, she tried to commit suicide.While she was trying to commit suicide, she was spotted by her teacher. The teacher said to her angrily, If you are found to commit suicide again, you will be killed.”(When) Talking in class, (After being) CriticizedFeeling depressed,

15、(While) trying (If) found第17页，共41页。18主语相同的时间、原因、条件和让步状语从句：从句中的连词：一定要去掉：because等表示“因为”的词可去可不去：when, while, if, after, though不能去掉：before, since等有特殊意义的词2. 从句中的主语：去掉3. 从句中的谓语动词：主动语态：改为doing被动语态：改为done或being doneBefore, after, since等介词后的被动语态：being done状语从句与非谓语动词的转换(7-8)第18页，共41页。19A and then B After A, B

16、A before BThe bottles are washed by high-pressurized water and then they are classified into 3 colors.第19页，共41页。20公式1： People/ We + v. + that 主 谓 It is v.ed + that 主 谓人们预测世界上将会有三分之一的物种到下个世纪会消失。People predict that one third of the species in the world will disappear over the next century. It is predi

17、cted that one third of the species in the world will disappear over the next century.名词性从句第20页，共41页。21over the 10-year period from 1990 to 2000predictexpectforecastproject第21页，共41页。22aboutaroundroughlyapproximatelysomesolveresolvedeal withtacklecope withhandlecombataddress第22页，共41页。23公式2：It is v.ed

18、+that主 谓 主is v.ed to 谓 (is可换成are/was/were)名词性从句It is predicted that one third of the species in the world will disappear over the next century.One third of the species in the world are predicted to disappear over the next century.It was reported that an earthquake occurred in Japan yesterday. An ear

19、thquake was reported to occur in Japan yesterday. 第23页，共41页。24公式3：It is v.ed to 谓 主is v.ed to 谓 主 adv. 谓 （副词由动词转变而来，也可放在句首表示强调）名词性从句常用副词：argue arguably; hope hopefully; admit admittedly; deny undeniably; doubt undoubtedly; report reportedly; allege allegedly 不容否认的是，飞机的确比汽车排放出更多的污染。It should be admit

20、ted that an aeroplane does emit more pollution than a car does.Admittedly, an aeroplane does emit more pollution than a car does.第24页，共41页。25名词性从句保护好文化遗产，这对于政府来说是至关重要的。It is vital that the government preserve cultural heritage. It is vital for the government to preserve cultural heritage. Preserving

21、 cultural heritage is vital for the government.公式4：It is that 主谓 It is for 主 to 谓公式5：It is that 主谓 谓ing is for 主第25页，共41页。26名词性从句我们应该保护环境，这对于我们实现可持续发展是至关重要的。We should protect the environment, which is vital for us to realize sustainable development. 政府补贴艺术家是浪费钱的。It is a waste of money that the gover

22、nment subsidizes artists.*The government should not subsidize artists, which is a waste of money.The government should not subsidize artists, which is a waste of taxpayers hard-earned money.公式6：It is that 主谓 主谓，which is第26页，共41页。27名词性从句It is (widely/ generally) believed that There is a (popular/ wid

23、espread/ general) belief/ view that The (popular/ widespread/ general) belief/view is that It is agreed that There is a (overwhelming, unanimous) consensus that The overwhelming/ unanimous consensus is thatIt cannot be denied/ doubted that There is no denying / doubt that公式7：It is (adv.) v.-ed that

24、There is (adj.) n. that公式8：It is (adv.) v.-ed that The (adj.) n. is that（这里的n. 经常可以由前面的v. 转化而来）第27页，共41页。28名词性从句I dont know whether I should say it. I dont know whether to say it.The jury is deciding whether they should punish him. The jury is deciding whether to punish him. Many elderly people do n

25、ot know how they can use a computer. Many elderly people do not know how to use a computer.We all know what we should do to conserve wild animals. We all know what to do to conserve wild animals.公式9：Whether sb. (should) do sth. Whether to do sth.公式10：Wh- sb. (should) do sth. Wh- to do sth.第28页，共41页。

26、29名词性从句The pie charts show the annual expenditure of students in a universityThe pie charts show how university students spent their money./ how much money the students in a university spent.The maps show the development of a village.The maps show how the village developed/ changed.公式11： Wh-引导的名词性从句

27、 名词第29页，共41页。30强调句：It + be + 强调部分 + that(who) + 说明部分正是因为有了这些先进的设备我们才能够享受更多的便利。一般陈述句： We can enjoy more convenience because of these advanced facilities.强调句：It is just because of these advanced facilities that we can enjoy more convenience.其它高分句型第30页，共41页。31强调句：It + be + 强调部分 + that(who) + 说明部分令人感到遗憾

28、的是，人们关注的，往往是经济利益而不是社会利益。Unfortunately, it is always the financial profits instead of social interests that people pay attention to.其它高分句型第31页，共41页。32特殊强调句：It be not untilthat 尽管这个问题由来已久，但直到最近人们才开始逐渐意识到了它的重要性。Although the problem has been existing for a long time, it was not until recently that peopl

29、e came to realize its importance.其它高分句型第32页，共41页。33倒装句A. Only + 介词 + doing sth (或从句) can sb do sth只有这样做我们才能彻底解决该问题。Only by doing so can we solve the problem thoroughly.其它高分句型第33页，共41页。34倒装句A. Only + 介词 + doing sth (或从句) can sb do sth我个人认为，只有在收集到了足够证据的情况下我们才能得出结论，否则的话我们就容易犯错误。Personally, only when we have collected enough evidence can we come to a conclusion. Otherwise, we are prone to make mistakes.其它高分句型第34页，共41页。35倒装句B. On no account + 倒装 我们决不应该忽视知识的价值。On no account should we ignore the value o