高三英语高考一轮复习unit2theunitedkingdom必修五

1、Unit 2 The United Kingdom一、语言要点i单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词语 辨析1. divide/separate 2. puzzle/confuse3.debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 4.influence/affect/effect1. convenience n.便利, 方便，适合convenient adj.便利的, 方便的conveniently adv.便禾 U 地词形2. attraction n.吸!H ,吸弓 1 力attractive adj.吸弓 1 人 的,有魅力的attract v.吸引3. const

2、ruct v.建造，构造建立construction n.建筑，建设变化4. arrange v.安排，协商arrangement n. NE歹U,安NE词5.collect v.收集,聚集，集中collection n.收藏，征U队,搜集品汇6. fair adj.公平地，公正地，unfair adj.不公平的部7.suggest vt.建议,日首/卜suggestion n.提议,意91,暗小,分重点 单词consist vi.由.组成，,clarify v.澄?# ,阐明convenience n.便利，方便，启益，有用的，方便的用具、influence n.& vt.影响，感化，势力，

3、有影响的人（或事）available adj.可用到的，可利用的，后生的，arrange v.安 NE,排歹 U,协商delight n.快乐，局兴，昌悦v.（使涓兴，（使）欣昌重点 词组take the place of 代替，取代break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解leave out省去，遗漏重点句子There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.It seemed strange that the man who had deve

4、loped communism should have lived and died in London.重点语法过去分词做宾语补足语ii词语辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）1）. divide/separate v.【解释】divide把一个整体分成若干部分”，破坏了宾语的完整性，常与ihto ”连用separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的部分分割开来”，常与from”连用【练习】选择divide或separate并用其适当的形式填空The apple was into two.His lecture divides into three parts.She was separated fr

5、om her husband last year.The Taiwan Strait Taiwan from FujianKeys: 1)divided 2) divides 3) separated 4 ) separates. puzzle/confuse【解释】puzzle指情况错宗复杂，因而使人感到困惑不解”confuse指“把事物混淆或弄乱或“由于混淆、混乱而糊涂”，语气较弱，常指暂时现象【练习】选择puzzle或confuse并用其适当的形式填空What he did puzzled me greatly.They asked me so many questions that t

6、hey confused me.I am always salt with sugar.The patient s illness the doctor; and he couldn t find the cause.Keys: 1) puzzled 2) confused 3) confusing 4) puzzleddebate/argue/discuss/quarrel 辩论，争论【解释】debate就已经确定或统一的问题，各述己见，公开，正式的争论.含交锋的意思argue指提出理由或事实，试图在争辩中说服对方，或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点：discuss指一般讨论，谈论quarr

7、el常指因琐事而感到气愤，进行争吵【练习】选择 debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其适当的形式填空The couple are always quarreling about the past.Have you the problem with anyone?I with her all day about the situation.Keys: 1) quarreling 2) discussed 3) arguedinfluence/affect【解释】Affect着重影响一个人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影响influence影响，指对人或事物起某种

8、作用，使其行为，性格或观点等发生变化，常含有潜移默化的意味.【练习】选择influence或affect并用其适当的形式填空The noise from the street affected my study.Outside factors influenced him to resign.My parents my childhood a great deal.Keys: 1) affected 2) influenced 3) influencedIII词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. convenience n.便利,方便，适合convenient adj.便利的，方便的con

9、veniently adv.便禾 U 地2. attraction n.吸弓 1 ,吸引力attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的attract v.吸引3. construct v.建造，构造，建立construction n.建筑,建设4. arrange v.安排，协商arrangement n. NE歹U,安NE5.collect v.收集，聚集，集中collection n.收藏，征U反,搜集品6. fair adj.公平地,公正地,unfair adj.不公平的7.suggest vt.建议，日自/卜suggestion n.提议,后、见,日首/卜，【练习】用括号内所提供词

10、的适当形式填空These meals are quick and to prepare. We provide these meals for the of thecustomers. (convenience)What me first was that there is a beautiful house with an garden.(attraction)They had anthat the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)The classic musichis childhood, and he thought

11、 that listening to the music has a calmingon him. (influence)A new city of Wenchuan is still under , although it was a half yearago.(construct)At the whole classmates, the head teacher they should go camping thisweekend. (suggest)keys: 1) convenient; convenience 2) attracted; attractive 3) arrangeme

12、nt 4) influenced; influence 5) construction; constructed 6) suggestion; suggestedIV重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）consist vi.由.组成，在于，一致consist of=be made up of 由组成；由构成典例Substances consist of small particles called molecules.物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。True charity doesnt consist in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。练习翻译：1）这支球队由12人组成。2）

13、这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。Keys: 1) the team consists of 12 players. 2)The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity.clarify v.澄?# ,阐明典例1)-Could you clarify the first point please?请你澄清第一个要点，好吗？-I don t understand it completely , either .我也并不完全理解。His mind suddenly clarified.他的脑子突然清醒过来。练习翻译句子1)她写信

14、详细说明她的意图.2）澄清某人的立场Keys: 1)She wrote a letter to clarify her intentions. 2) clarify ones positionconvenience n.便利，方便，有益，有用的，方便的用具典例We bought this house for its convenience .我们买下这所房子是为了方便。Please come at your convenience . 请在你方便的时候来。Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment buildi

15、ng provides这幢新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。重点用法inconvenience n . 不方便convenient adj .便利的，适宜的at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候for ones convenience(of)为了某人的方便for conveniences sake 为了方便起见make a convenience of 利用练习翻译句子1)如果方便就来看看我。2)你方便明天开始工作吗？Keys: 1)Come and see me if it is convenient to you . 2) Will it be convenient f

16、or you to start work tomorrow？influence n.& vt.影响，感化，势力，有影响的人(或事)典例What influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要这么做？Dont be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.别被他影响了 你，你该有你自己 的决定。重点用法have influence on/with 对产生影响under the influence of 在的影响下练习翻译句子1)父母亲的行为总会给孩子带来影响。2)在议会的影响下，总统改变了主意。Keys: 1)

17、What parents do always has influence on their children. 2) The president changed his idea under the influence of the senate.available adj.可用到的,可利用的，有空的,典例Attention , please. These tickets are available on the day of issue only .请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效Dresses are not available in your size, Im afraid.这些衣服恐怕

18、没有你的尺寸。重点用法反义词：unavailable考例单项填空We regret to inform you that there are no tickets for Friday s performance.A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable【解析】根据句意“我们很遗憾地通知你星期五的演出票没有了“。可知available “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定语。答案：Ao练习翻译句子1)这里没有这本书。2)在拥挤白地方，没有车位可用。Keys: 1) This book is not available here. 2) I

19、n the busy place, no car parking is available for use.arrange v.安排,排歹U,协商典例The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.家长要这个小孩把鞋放成整齐的一排He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一个门当户对的 女孩。重点用法arrange for安排，准备arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事练

20、习翻译句子1)你得在会议开始前把书架上的书整理好。2)他们在秘密地为一场盛大婚礼做准备Keys: 1) You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting. 2) They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.delight n.快乐，高兴，喜悦v.(使)高兴，(使)欣喜典例Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.

21、有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children. 电影喜羊羊与灰太 郎使千万小朋友获得乐趣。重点用法take/find/have delight in 喜爱，以.为乐to sb.s delight令人高兴的是.delight in 嗜好练习翻译句子1)他的表演使观众感到满意。2)唱歌是她的主要爱好。3)年轻人喜欢旅行。Keys: 1) He delighted the audience with his performance. 2) Singing i

22、s her chief delight. 3) The young delight in /take delight/ in travelsV重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料).take the place of 代替，取代典例In the future, natural gas will take the place of petrol as the major fuel.将来天然气会代替汽油成为主要的能源。I H take the place of Mr . Lin next week. =I H take Mr. Lins place next week .下周我将代替林老师。重点用法

23、take place发生；举行take ones place 就位；代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在适当的位置out of place不得其所，不适当地in the first place 首先from place to place 至U处； 各处练习选择以上短语填空A sudden accident in the street last evening.2)She likes everything before she starts to work . She hates a mess.Keys: 1)took place 2)in plac

24、ebreak down损坏，跨，压倒，分解经典例句The bridge broke down .桥塌了。The engine broke down .发动机坏了。He has broken down from overwork .他因工作过度而累垮了。Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen . 水可以分解为氢和氧。The plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution .再建一个化工厂的计划失败了，因

25、为这将引起严重的污染。词汇?敷活break away from 摆脱，脱离break in闯入；插话break into闯入；破门而人；打断(谈话)break off中止；折断；打折break out爆发；突然发生break through 突破；冲垮break up分解；(使)结束;分开，分离练习请填人适当的介词或副词：1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it into pieces.The elevator broke.Fighting broke in the prison cells.4)Fire br

26、oke during the night.5) On the way to the prison house, the prisoners suddenly broke from the policeman.Keys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) awayleave out省去，遗漏典例You have left out the most important word in this sentence你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。Dont leave me out when you invite people to your party 当你邀请人们

27、去参加晚会时，别把我漏掉了。重点用法leave for动身到(某处)leave alone不管;撇下一个人leave aside 搁置leave behind 遗忘;遗留练习请填人适当的介词或副词：They were left in the wilderness.He was asked to make up the information left by the leader.Keys: 1) alone 2) outVI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words ar

28、e used to describe the four countries.没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。解释There is no need to do没有必要做某事There is no doubt that 是毫无疑问的练习汉译英1)我们有必要再去那一趟吗？2）没必要给他写封信告知这个消息Keys:Is there any need for us to go there again?There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.It seemed strange that the man who ha

29、d developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，而且在伦敦去世.解释It is/seems/that从句用虚拟语气,由“should+v.原形”构成典例It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了 我。练习翻译1)真奇怪，他竟然考试不及格.2)似乎很奇怪

30、，他能够通过触摸判断花的种类。Key: 1）It s strange that he should fail the exam. 2） It seemed strange that he could tell the different kinds of flower by touching.二、课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：The United Kingdom 1 （由组成） four countries: England, 2, Scotland andNorthern Ireland, 3 is k

31、nown to the world in a flag 4 （call） the Union Jack. The four countries do work together in some areas, but they have developed different 5 （教育的）and legal systems. England, the largest of the four countries, is 6（大致）divided into three zones.Its capital, 7, has been influenced by the invaders of Engl

32、and, and you will find 8greatest historical treasure in it.答案：1. consists of 2. Wales 3. which 4. called 5. educational 6. roughly 7. London 8. the2课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用 30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。从短文中我们得知联合王国由四个国家：英格兰，威尔士，苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成。它 还介绍了英国和伦敦，并说明英格兰文化如何受到入侵者的影响。Fromthepassageweknow答案： Fr

33、om the passage we know the United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It also gives us a brief introduction of England and London, and explains how the culture of England was influenced by its invaders3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1【原句】The greatest histor

34、ical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres,parks and buildings.模仿要点将两个简单句合并成一句，并很好地运用with + N.作定语。【模仿】1.作为奥运项目，射击稳步发展，1896年奥运会只有三个项目，现今有 17项。(NMET2008)答案： As an Olympic sport, shooting has been developing steadily with only three events in 1896 but 17 events at the mo

35、ment.【模仿】2.如收门票，需建大门、围墙，会影响城市形象。答案： With entrance fees charged, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of the city .2【原句】 There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.模仿要点句子结构：there is no need t

36、o do sth 【模仿】1你没有必要花很多时间做英语练习而不加思考。答案： There is no need to spend much of your spare time doing English exercises without think of their rules.【模仿】2我们没有必要再争论学生该不该上网，我们所要做的应该是充分使用网络来扩大 我们的知识而尽量避免它的负面影响。答案： There is no need to debate /quarrel/ discuss any more whether students should surf the Internet

37、or not. What we should do now is to make good use of the net to increase our knowledge and try to avoid its bad effect.3【原句】 Now when people refer to England you find Wakes included as well.模仿要点句子结构：when you will find sb included as well【模仿1】 当人们谈到我们班的高材生时，你会发现汤姆也包括其中。答案： Now when people refer to th

38、e top students in our class, you will find Tom included as well.Li Pings name , I think, must be mentioned as well.【模仿2】 当老师表语哪些工作出色的人时，我敢说，你会发现姆也包括其中。答案： When the teacher praises the whose who do well in their jobs, I dare say, you will find Tom included as well.三、单元自测1完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给

39、的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字娄好.181完成时间：14分钟难度：*The legal age for smoking in Japan is 20 and as the country s 570,000 tobacco vending machines （自动售货机）prepare for a July regulation requiring them to ensure buyers are not minors, a company has developed a 21 to identify age by studying facial featur

40、es.By having the customer look into a digital camera 22 to the machine, Fujitaka Cos system will 23 facial characteristics, such as wrinkles surrounding the eyes, bone structure and skin sags （松弛），to the facial data of over 100,000 people, Hajime Yamamoto, a company spokesman said.With face 24, so l

41、ong as youve got some change and you are an adult, you can buycigarettes like before. The problem of 25 borrowing （identification） cards to purchase cigarettes could be 26 as well, Yamamoto said.But due to concerns about its accuracy, the facial identification method has yet to be 27.Yamamoto said t

42、he system could 28 identify about 90 percent of the29 , withthe remaining 10 percent sent to a grey zone for minors that look 30, and baby-facedadults, where they would be asked to insert their driving license.21. A. systemB. machineC. programD. monitor22. A. addedB. attachedC. coveredD. devoted23.

43、A. preferB. adjustC. leadD. compare24. A. featuresB. structureC. recognitionD. expression25. A. studentsB. youthsC. adultsD. minors26. A. avoidedB. clarifiedC. raisedD. improved27. A. correctedB. approvedC. updatedD. spread28. A. completelyB. correctlyC. specificallyD. partly29. A. smokersB. sellers

44、C. lookers-onD. users30. A. olderB.youngerC. wiserD. nicer答案：Ao从第二段及最后一段第一句可以判断：一家日本公司研制出一套年龄识别体系。Bo attach to所附的，“附在机器上的数码相机”。其他三个选项不符合语境。Do compare . to .“系统将面部特征与十万多人的面部数据进行对比”。其他三个选项动词尽管可以和to连用，但不符合语境。C。features 特征，structure 构造，recognition 识别，expression 表情，选项 C 符合语境。Do从文章第一句及最后一句可以判断。minor未成年人，本

45、文首句提到吸烟的合法年龄是20岁，自动售货机要确保购买者不是未成年人。Ao年龄识别系统可以避免未成年人借用身份证购买香烟的问题。clarify澄清。Bo因涉及到准确性问题，这套面部识别方法还有待批准。Bo该系统能正确识别出约90%的使用者。Do从第一段to ensure buyers are not minors判断，该系统识别的是使用自动售货机购买香 烟者。故选users oA。从baby-faced adults可得提示。有10%的长相显老的未成年人和娃娃脸的成年人进入“灰色地带”。2.语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的

46、正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。字娄k: 182完成时间：9分钟难度：*For many times in the past years I went to the hospital for some minor 31 (treat) during my travel in other cities. It was the 32 (sad) moment of my life, I think, because nobody would come to the hospital to visit me. 33 patients had family or fri

47、ends to visit them during the visiting hours I felt really alone. 34 is it possible that out of a whole world full of people, 35 would come to visit me for just an hour? The answer in my case was simple. With a bit of medication (药物治疗),I was back in the stream of life again. But I 36 (leave) with a

48、deep thought for all the people and the elderly. 37 knows how many others that lie in the hospital with nobody 38 (visit) them or give a kind word of comfort? I had this wonderful idea of forming 39 organization in cities around the world, getting to hospitals to visit the patients who never get a v

49、isit and someone local could drop 40 with a smile and a kind word. Wouldnt it be nice and relatively easy to do? 答案： 31.treatments。本空前面的 minor是一个形容词，它暗示了本空应填入一个名词。Treat(治疗)的名词形式是treatment。此外，本空前面的形容词 some暗示了所填的名词应用复数形式。saddesto本空考查形容词的最高级形式的用法。而且前面有定冠词the提示，根据句子意思应该选择saddestOther o考查other做形容词的用法，此时，

50、 other意为“其他的，另外的“。 34. How。考查疑问词的用法。nobody。根据上下文，我们可以知道，没有任何人来探望作者本人。was left。be left with a thought是一个固定的搭配，意为“产生的一个想法”。Who。考查疑问词的用法。这句话是个特殊疑问句，根据句子意思可知需要选who。to visit o考查 with的复合结构。an。本空填入一个不定冠词表示泛指。in / by / round。本空考查短语drop in / by / round的用法，其意思为：顺便访问，顺便进入。3.阅读理解(每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和

51、D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项词数：424完成时间：8分钟难度：*Healthy relationships are fun and make you feel good about yourself. The relationships that you make in your teenage years will be a special pan of your life. They will teach you some of the most important lessons about who you are. This may help you understand

52、different kinds of relationships, what makes each relationship special, and how to communicate in a positive way.What makes a relationship healthy?Communication and Sharing: The most important part of any healthy relationship between two people is being able to talk and listen to each other. You and

53、 the other person can find out what your common interests are. You can share your feelings with the other person and trust that he or she will be there to listen to you and support you. In healthy relationships, people dont lie. Communication is based on honesty and trust. By listening carefully and

54、 sharing your thoughts and feelings with other people, you show them that they play an important part in your life.Respect and Trust: In healthy relationships, you learn to respect and trust important people in your life. Disagreements may still happen, but you learn to stay calm and talk about how

55、you feel. Talking calmly helps you to understand the real reason for not getting along. It makes it much easier to figure out how to fix it. In healthy relationships, working through disagreements often makes the relationship stronger. In healthy relationships, people respect each other for who they

56、 are. This includes respecting and listening to yourself and your feelings so you can set boundaries and feel comfortable. You will fred that you learn to understand experiences and feelings of others as well as having them understand your experiences and feelings.How do I know that I have a healthy

57、 relationship with someone ?You know that you are in a healthy relationship with someone because you feel good about yourself when you are around that person. Unhealthy relationships can make you feel sad, angry, scared, or worried.Healthy peer relationships involve an equal amount of giving and tak

58、ing in the relationship. In unhealthy relationships, there is an unfair balance. You may often feel that you are giving the other person more attention than that he or she gives to you.You should feel safe around the other person and feel that you can trust him or her with your secrets. In a healthy

59、 relationship, you like to spend time with the other person, instead of feeling that you have to spend time with him or her.The lessons you learn about the relationships in your teenage years may help you understand the following EXCEPT.different kinds of relationshipsdifferent kinds of people and o

60、ccasionshow to communicate in a positive waywhat makes each relationship specialTo have a healthy relationship, you shouldnt.talk and listen to each otherhave common interestsdisagree and quarrel with each othertake as much as you giveWhen disagreements happen, you learn to stay calm because.A. talk