2022年初中生语法-时态课程教案-仁爱版

1、初中生英语语法 - 时态学习 个性化教案授课时间各种时态比较学习学生姓名年级初二教学重点教学难点在中考及写作中的应用教师活动 现在进行时 基本用法 表示说话时正在进行的动作，常与now, at the moment 等时间状语连用，有时，句首有look, listen等词提示。例如：What are you doing now? I am cleaning the window. Look! The students are having an English lesson. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, these days 等时间状语连用。例如：He is now living

2、in Australia. 目前他正住在澳大利亚。（暂时）。比较：He lives in Australia. 他定居在澳大利亚。I am working in a computer company right now. How are you getting along these days? 这些天来你好吗？ 有时，现在进行时可以表示按计划安排将要发生的动作，特别是使用表示位置转移的动词时，如 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等。例如：We are going to Rome next week. 下周我们准备去罗马。When are you starting

3、? 你什么时候动身？其动词结构为 ：be + doing （动词的现在分词）教学过程动词的现在分词的构成：1 一般情况动词后加ing , 以不发音的e 结尾的去 e 加 ing。write- play- eat- see- 2 以重读闭音节结尾的词，双写最后的辅音字母再加ing 这样的词往往看最后三个字母，常常是“ 辅音元音辅音”open 就不行 ,它的重音不在 pen 上sit- get- begin- stop- shop- swim- run- 句子肯定结构：主语am/is/aredoing（动词的现在分词）He is watching TV. 否定形式：主语 am/is/are+ no

4、t+ doing. He is not watching TV. 一般疑问句： Be（am/is/are）主语 doing （动词的现在分词）? Is he watching TV? Are they singing now? 特殊疑问句：疑问词一般疑问结构？What is he doing? 现在进行时专项练习一. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1. My parents _ _(watch)TV now. 2 . Look. Three boys _ _(run). 3. What _ your mother _ _(do)now? 4. _ your dog _ now?(sleep) 5

5、. _ you _(listen)to music? Yes, I am. 6. Look, Miss Chen _ _ football.(play) 7. Tom and his sister _(wait)for you over there. 8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_(have)a test. 9. Listen, someone _(sing)in the classroom. 10. Where is Zhang Yan? She _(talk)with her teacher in the teacher s office. (1 are watch

6、ing 2 are running 3 is doing 4 Is sleeping 5 Are listening 6 is playing 7 are waiting 8 are having 9 is singing 10 is talking ) 二. 选择填空：( )1. Who _ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing ( )2. It s nine ten. The students _ a music class. A. have B. having C. are having ( )3. Listen! Th

7、e boy _. A. crying B. is crying C. cries ( )4. Don t talk here. Grandparents _. A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping ( )5. Is the man _ tea or milk? A. drinks B. drink C. drinking (C C B C C ) 三. 按要求进行句型转换：1. Lily is dancing.( 改为一般疑问句 ) _ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.( 改为否定句 ) _ 3. Mrs. White

8、 is watching TV.( 对划线部分提问 ) _ 4. I am doing homework.( 改为否定句 ) _ 5. They are waiting for you at the library.( 提问 ) _ (1 Is Lily dancing? 2 Kate isn t looking for her watch. 3 What is Mrs. White doing? 4 I am not doing homework. 5 Where are they waiting for you?) 四. 根据中文提示完成句子：1 他没在写作业，她在画画。He _ _ _

9、homework. He _ _ _ _ pictures. 2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。 Miss Li _ _ a red dress today. 3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗？ _ your grandpa _ _ the newspaper? 4. Tom 和 Jim 在做什么？ _ _ Tom and Jim _? 5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球？_ they _ basketball _ volleyball? (1 isn t doing ,is drawing 2 is wearing 3 Is reading 4 What are doing 5 Are playin

10、g or) 一般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态He is twelve. They are at home.表示经常性或习惯性的动作I go to school at seven every day. He plays soccer on Sundays. 表示主语具备的性格和能力等She likes apples. They speak Japanese. She is medium build. 其句子结构为 1 主语 be其他2 主语动词原形- 3 (当主语是第三人称单数时 ) 主语动词的第三人称单数形式- 肯定式 I am a cleaner. We go to school at s

11、even every day. He goes to school at 6 every day. 否定式I am not a cleaner. We dont go to school at seven.He doesn t go to school at 6. 疑问式及回答 Are you a cleaner? Yes, I am. (No, I m not.)Do you go to school at seven? Yes, we do. （ No, we don）Does he go to school at 6? Yes, he does.（No, he doesn）注意：在上面的

12、否定和疑问式中，助动词 。do 和 does 都没有意义，不用译出。它们只是为了使句子完整，叫做一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。如： often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever 等。（注意频度副词的位置：）1. I often read books in the evening 2. Do they usually go to school by bike? 3. He doesn t like milk. He never drinks it.4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five

13、. 一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。如： in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。Do they have math in the morning? She sleeps nine hours every night. They dont have classes on Sundays.动词第三人称单数的构成：1、直接加 -slook looks readreadsplayplays2. 在字母 s, x,ch,sh,o 后

14、加 -eswatchwatcheswashwashesgogoes dodoes 3. 辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词变 y 为 i，再加 -escarry carries study studies hurry hurries cry cries 4.特殊的 have - has 【一般现在时练习】选择填空( ) 1.A: How often _ she exercise? B: Twice a week. A. do B. does C. doing D. did ( ) 2. I _ like to drink milk. A. not B. doesntC. don t D. no ( )

15、 3. Good food and exercise _ me to study better. A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help ( ) 4. Is her lifestyle the same _ yours or different? A. as B. in C. at D. to ( ) 5. I like _ for breakfast. A. a book B. a ruler C. an egg D. a sofa ( ) 6. The _are $21. A. glasses B. shoe C. table D. bike ( )

16、7. Tennis _ my favorite sport. A. are B. is C. am D. be ( ) 8. I have a tennis and my friend Jim _ two tennis rackets. A. have B. play C. plays D. has ( ) 9. “Let s play computer games.” That _ interesting.”A. looks B. sounds C. listens D. reads ( )10. My father likes football. But he _ it. He only

17、_ football matches on TV! A. plays, watchesB. play, watch t watchC. doesn t play, watchesD. plays, doesn一般过去时1 意义：表示过去某个时间或某阶段已经发生或完成的动作或状态，和现在无关。如： He went to Wuhan last week. They were in Beijing yesterday. 2 句子的基本结构为：主语动词的过去式- 3 否定结构：主语didn t动词原形 - 一般疑问句： Did 主语动词原形-? 4 动词过去式的构成：A. 规则的变化 ：一般在词尾加

18、ed, 不发音的 e 后加 d。以辅音字母 y 结尾的词变 y 为 i 加 ed 重读闭音节结尾的词，双写最后的辅音字母再加 ed。B不规则动词的过去式一般是把动词原形加以变化，这需要各个击破，寻找其中的小规律。写出过去式：dance play watch wash study cry shop stop go do see get run swim 句型转换：1I went to the museum yesterday. （对划线部分提问）2We stayed at home last Sunday. （对划线部分提问）3My vacation was pretty good. （对划线部

19、分提问）4The food is very delicious. （对划线部分提问）5They enjoyed themselves.（变一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）6I saw him last week. （变否定句）7Jim and Bright went to the zoo yesterday. （对划线部分提问）8The people there were unfriendly. （对划线部分提问）(1 When did you go to the museum? 2 Where did you stay last Sunday? 3 How was your vacation? 4

20、 How is the food? 5 Did they enjoy themselves? 6 I didn t see him last week? 7 Where did Jim and Bright go yesterday? 8 How were the people there? ) 综合练习 1一、选择题练习1. Tom _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital. A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works 2. Who _ English best in your class? A. sp

21、eak B. speaks C. speaking 3. Mrs Read _ the windows every day. A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans 4. We _ music and often _ to music. A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening 5. She _ up at six in the morning. A. get B. gets C. getting 6. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and somet

22、imes _ some shopping. A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does 7. The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ some coffee for it. A. have/ have A B. have/ has C. has/ have ( B B C B C B ) 二、填空：1. My father always _(come) back from work very late. 2. The teacher is busy. He

23、 _ (sleep) six hours a day. 3. Listen! Joan _ _(sing) in the classroom. She often _ (sing) there. 4. _ your brother _(know) Japanese? 5. Where _ you _ (have) lunch every day? 6.The girl _(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She_ _(wear) a red skirt today. do, have, likes, is wearing ) ( comes, sleeps, is s

24、inging, sings, Does, know, 三、写出下列动词的现在分词形式1. work_ _ sing_ _ play_ study_ 2. dance_ have_ write_ take_ 3. run_sit_shop_swim_ 4. lie_ 四、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式1. work_read_clean_ write_ 2. teach_wash_guess_ watch_ 3. go_ do_photo_ 4. study_fly_cry_ play_ 5. have_ 五、根据中文意思完成句子1、学生们在干什么？有一些在打电话，另一些躺在沙滩上。_ _ th

25、e students _? Some _ _ on the phone, _ _ _ on the beach. 2、“ 格林先生在看电视吗？”“ 不，他在打扫房间。”“ _ Mr Green _ _ TV? ”“_, He _ _ _ _ the house.”3、魏芳不是在读书，她在写信。Wei Fang _ _ a book. She _ _ a letter. 4、今天天气怎么样？_ is the weather today? _ _ is the weather _ _ today? 5、我正在通过收音机学 (learn) 英语。I _ _ _ _ English on the ra

26、dio. 6、这个老人每天早上六点钟起床。The old man _ _ _ _ at six o clock every day. 7、你从哪里来？Where _ _ you from? Where _ _ you _ _ from? 我从美国来。I _ _ from America. I _ _ from America. ( 1 What, are, doing, are, talking, Some, are, lying , 2 Is ,watching, No, is cleaning 3 isn t ,reading ,is ,writing 4 How, What ,like

27、5 am, learning, 6 gets, up, 7 are, do ,come, am, come) 综合练习 2 一 动词时态填空 ：(有的空不止填一个词 ) 1. I _ (be) from America. I _ (speak) English. 2. Bill often _ (go) to school by bike, but he _ (go)to school on foot this morning because his bike _(be )broken. 3. What _Jim _ (do)? He is a student. 4. Can you _ (t

28、ell) me the way to the post office? 5. Where _ his parents _ (work) now, do you know? 6. We have to _ (clean) our classroom on Sundays. 7. Look! The children _ _ (play) volleyball outside. 8. Yesterday Ann _ (visit) Aunt Wang with her sister. 9. Would you _ (like) another piece of bread, Peter? 10.

29、_ (not eat) in class, please. 11. _ (be) there anything new in todays newspaper?12. Lucy _ (be) born in Canada on May 12 th, 1990. 13. Lily _ (have) a medium build, she _ (look) beautiful. 14. What _ (be) the weather like last Sunday? It _ (be) sunny. 15. Where _she _ (work)? She works in an office.

30、 16. There _ (be) an orange and five pears on the table. 17. Long long ago, there _ (be) many animals in the world. 18. I _ (not think) he is right. 19.-What _you _ (do) last weekend, Joy? -I (go) to visit my grandpa. 20. It s seven oclock, the Greens _ _ (watch) TV at home. (1,am speak 2,goes went

31、was 3,does do 4,tell 5,do work 6,clean 7,are playing 8,visited 9,like 10,Don t eat 11,Is 12,was 13, has looks 14,was was 15,does work 16,is 17,were 18,don t think 19, did do went 20,are watching ) 二、将下列句子改为否定句，每空一词（含缩写）1. Vera is drawing in the classroom. Vera _ _ _ drawing in the classroom. 2. I wa

32、s at the party last Friday. I at the party last Friday. 3. They re playing soccer now.They playing soccer now. 4. There were many people in the park yesterday There _ many people in the park yesterday 5. She has a TV in her bedroom She a TV in her bedroom 6. They have to clean the classroom after sc

33、hool. They clean the classroom after school. 7. He had a big breakfast yesterday. He a big breakfast yesterday. 8. They come from Canada. They Brad from Canada. in Paris. 9. Brad lives in Paris. 10. Joan liked to play tennis and ping-pong. Joan to play tennis ping-pong. 11. Nancy and Mark want to go

34、 to the movies. Nancy and Mark to go to the movies. 12. Jack does his homework at home. Jack his homework at home. 13. I went to the beach with my friends last Sunday. I to the beach with my friends last Sunday. 14. Nick practices his guitar in the morning. Nick his guitar in the morning. 15. Do you

35、r homework at school. your homework at school. 16. I think she is very quiet. I she very quiet. 17. My father works in a big hospital. My father in a big hospital. 18. The little girl can play the piano well. The little girl the piano well. 19. Jack would like a cup of tea. Jack a cup of tea. (1, is

36、 not 2, was not 3,are not 4,were not 5, does have 6, don t have to 7, didn t have 8, don t come 9, doesn t live 10,didn t or 11, dont want 12, doesn t do 13, didn t go 14, doesn t practice 15, Don t do 16, don t think 17, doesn t work 18, can t play 19 , wouldn t like ) 三、改为一般疑问句，每空一词。21. I m from J

37、apan.from Japan? 22. They are riding bikes now. riding bikes now? 23. Li lei and Li Ping like giraffes. Li lei and Li ping giraffes? 24. She wants to be a great star. she to be a great star? 25. John has a great sports collection. John a great sports collection? 26. We must finish the work now. you

38、the work now? 27. They had to walk home at last. they walk home at last? 28. There is a hotel in the neighborhood. a hotel in the neighborhood? 29. They did their homework last night. they their homework last night? 30. They sat on the chair. they on the chair? 31. Maria can speak Chinese very well. Mar