人教版英语必修五-unit1-同步练习

1、Unit 1 Great scientists . 单项选择，从 A、B、C、 D 四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1.The doctor suggested that the girl _ in order to lose weight.A. must not eat lessB. ought not to eat lessC. had better not eat lessD. not eat less2.The little boy came back to life _ he took the medicine given by Doctor Snow.A. at onceB. im

2、mediatelyC. at lastD. shortlyA statue of Dr Bethune was set up in honour of the contributions he had made _.to help our revolutionary workin help our revolutionary workto saving so many lives in the warfor having saved so many lives in the warA special team was sent to Shandong Province to look into

3、 the cause of the train accident. Andthe investigation showed that high speed _.A. was to be blamedB. was to blameC. should blameD. had to blame5. Who is _ the patient? Maybe his sister.A. taking careB. looking forC. joining inD. attending onHis report about the disaster was not believable. He didn

4、treally go to the spot; instead, he_ the whole story.A. thought upB. set upC. made upD. put up7.It will do harm to your health if you get _ to the X-ray too much.A. exposedB. linkingC. linkedD. exposing8.Many people _ buying goods in this supermarket for its bad service.A. refusedB. rejectedC. resis

5、tedD. removed9.Finally, things were under _ after days of the earthquakes.第1页共11页A. controlB. chargeC. peaceD. disorder10. From his _ face, we could tell how thrilling the movie was.A. being terrifiedB. terrifyingC. having terrifiedD. terrified11. He told me about the things _ at the meeting yesterd

6、ay.A. discussedB. to be disscussedC. to discussD. being discussed12. How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? The keythe problem is to meet the damandby the customers.A. to solving; makingB. to solving; madeC. to solve; makingD. to solve; made13. I m verywith my o

7、wn cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.Mm, it does have asmell.A. pleasant; pleasedB. pleased; pleasedC. pleasant; pleasantD. pleased; pleasant14. It s a pleasure to watch the face of a(n)baby.A. asleepB. sleepC. sleepingD. slept15. This is a templeduring the Qing Dynasty.A. builtB. to be bu

8、iltC. having builtD. being built . 用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子John Snow told the story about the _ (astonish) people in Broad Street.Don t drink _ (pollute) water, because it may cause diseases.3. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldn t come.There is a car _ (park) outside the house.We were _ (i

9、nspire) by the _ (inspire) news.Why are you looking so _ (disappoint)?He has been teaching for ten years. He is an _ (experience) teacher.From the stomach, the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the _ (affect) person was dead.His success is somewhat _ (link) to his hard work.The manager pref

10、ers reading the newspaper _ (deliver) to his office before setting about work.第2页共11页 . 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语1.这种新药已经治愈了数以万计人的天花，这说明它是有效的。(cure, prove)_2.昨晚半夜起来看球导致现在他在课堂上睡觉。(lead)_3.面对失败，哭泣没有任何用。 (use)_4. 不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪自己。(blame)_5. 他们正在全神贯注地看电影。(absorb)_ . 完形填空A successful scientist is genera

11、lly a good observer. He makes full1of the facts heobserves. He doesn accept ideas which are not2on facts, and therefore refuses toaccept authority （权威） as the only reason for truth. He always3ideas carefully andmakes experiments to prove them.The rise of4science may perhaps be considered to5as far b

12、ack as theof Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to suggest that we should learnscience7observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself8many important discoveries.Galileo, howeve

13、r, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men,9lived in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by10to show howmany important11could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned menbelieved that large bodies fellmore12towards the earth than small ones, beca

14、useAristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the13of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two14stones and proved Aristotlewas wrong.It was Galileos 15of goingdirect to Nature, and proving our opinions and theories by experiment, that has led to all thediscoveries of modern science.第3页共11页1.A. useB. ti

15、meC. speedD. trust2.A. workedB. basedC. livedD. written3.A. thinksB. checksC. hasD. learn4.A. naturalB. physicalC. ancientD. modern5.A. dateB. keepC. lookD. take6.A. studyB. timeC. yearD. birth7.A. inB. withC. onD. by8.A. didB. madeC. tookD. gave9.A. whoB. whenC. thatD. where10.A. waysB. degreesC. l

16、evelsD. chance11.A. truthsB. problemsC. peopleD. subjects12.A. slowlyB. rapidlyC. lightlyD. heavily13.A. placeB. footC. topD. ceiling14.A. bigB. smallC. equalD. unequal15.A. spiritB. skillC. theoryD. discovery. 阅读理解，根据短文内容选择正确答案A ）Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on Mar. 14, 1879. Einsteins parents

17、 moved from Ulm toMunichwhen Einstein was still a baby. The familybusiness was the manufacture of electricalparts. When the business failed, in 1894, the family moved to Milan, Italy. At this time Einstein decided officially to give up his German citizenship. Within a year, still without having comp

18、letedsecondary school（中学）, Einstein failed an examination that would have allowed him to continuewith a course of study leading to a diploma（文凭） as an electrical engineer at the Swiss FederalInstitue of Technology. He spent the next year in nearby Aarau at a secondary school, where heenjoyed excelle

19、nt teachers and first-rate facilities （设备） in physics. Einstein returned in 1896 to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, where he graduated, in 1900 as a secondary school teacher of mathematics and physics.After two years he got a post at the Swiss patent（专利） office in Bern. The patent officew

20、ork required Einstein s careful attention, but while employed （ 1902 1909）there, he completed第4页共11页an astonishing range of publications in theoretical physics. For the most part these texts werewritten in his spare time and without the benefit of close contact（接触） with either the scientificliteratu

21、reortheoreticiancolleagues. Einsteinsubmitted one of his scientificpapers to theUniversity of Zurich for a PhD degree in 1905. In 1908 he sent a second paper to the University ofBern and became a lecturer there. The next year Einstein received a regular appointmentasassociate professor of physics at

22、 the University of Zurich.By1909,Einsteinwas recognizedthroughoutGerman-speakingEuropeas a leadingscientific thinker.Which of the following shows the right order of the events that happened to Einstein?graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technologymoved to Milangot a post at the Swiss pate

23、nt office in Bernworked in the University of Zurichstudied at a secondary school in Aaraugave up his German citizenshipA. c, b, a, e, d, fB . a, b, f, e, d, cC. b, f, e, a, d, cD. b, f, e, a, c, d2.How many countries did Einstein stay in before he became successful?A. 2.B. 3.C. 4.D. 5.3.What did Ein

24、stein do when he was in the patent office?A. He paid little attention to his work.B. He wrote plenty of scientific works.C. He kept close contact with his friends.D. He read a lot of physics books.4.Which of the following do you think played the most important role in Einsteins success?A. His school

25、 year in the secondary school in Aarau.B. His years in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.C. His years in the Swiss patent office.D. His PhD degree.B）Allison Schwartz from Connecticut ：Marie Curie is my hero because she shows determination, and that if you keep at your goal第5页共11页you will get

26、 what you want. She was an inventor and a scientist. She discovered radium and sheinvented the first mobile X-ray machine so that soldiers could be X-rayed in the field when theywere hurt. I thought it was neat （极好的） that she was the first woman to receive the Nobel Prizefor science.Sebastian Robbin

27、s from Washington:Someone who failed at something and moved beyond it. For me, it was AlbertEinstein.When I heard that he failed algebra（代数）, I knew we had a connection. When I heard at age ninehe spoke hesitantly （吞吞吐吐的） , I knew I had arrived. I didntlet the facts dissuade （劝阻）me. In reality he ne

28、ver failed math but he did fail in the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Instituteof Zurich; that was enough for me. I had to walk home with my share of papers that had“haveyour mother call me ”written in red on part of the paper. I would periodically think of the wordsfrom his “gymnasium ”(high scho

29、ol) teacher in Munich, “Your mere presence here undermines （破坏） the classrespect for me.”Rachel Kern from New Mexico:I am a senior at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, majoring in chemistrywith a minor（主修） in environmental science. I am interested in many environmental issues,includ

30、ing alternative （替代性的）energy. I really admire scientists such as Linus Pauling, RachelCarson, and Albert Einstein who did not separate their private beliefs from their work. Theycombined their scientific knowledge with their moral（道德的） and ethical （伦理的） beliefs toeducate others on environmental, pol

31、itical, and social issues.Owen Paine from New JerseyI admire Einstein. Okay, I admire it;I m an Einstein groupie. Some mornings I even have hishair. I have Einstein calendars, coffee mugs, posters, neckties, T-shirts, biographies（传纪） andeven a life size soft sculpture （雕刻） of him sitting in my offic

32、e. I have everything Einsteinium except his problem solving skills.5.Why does Allison Schwartz admire Madame Curie?A. For her determination.B. For her scientific discovery.C. For her scientific invention.D. For the Nobel Prize she won.6.Which of the following statements is NOT true about Einstein ac

33、cording to Sebastian Robbins?第6页共11页A. He was not good at algebra at school.B. He was a boy of slow speech.C. He failed the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich.D. His gymnasium teacher in Munich liked him.7. Rachel Kern admires scientists.A. who did not separate their private belief

34、s from their workB. who combined their life with their workC. who educated others on environmental, political, and social issuesD. who studied environmental issues, including alternative energy8. The underlined word “groupie”most probably means.A. fanB. friendC. relativeD. copierWhat can we learn ab

35、out Owen Paine?He collects Einstein s hair.He likes to have Einstein s hair style sometimes.He has some of Einstein s T-shirts.He has a stone sculpture of Einstein. . 书面表达假如你为学校黑板报写稿介绍诺贝尔（ Alfred Nobel ），请根据以下提示写一篇图文并茂的短文。身份：科学家，发明家，商人个性：孤独，谦虚，害羞，不愿告诉别人自己的想法和感情工作：精力充沛，沉迷科学和生意，日夜研究、工作生活：生活俭朴，经常拒绝官方宴请

36、兴趣：对文学感兴趣，写剧本、小说、诗歌，但都没有发表梦想：服务人类，设立“诺贝尔奖”奖励那些对人类做出杰出贡献的人注意： 1. 词数 120 左右（开头已写好） 。衔接连贯自然。参考词汇： absorb, apart from, in addition to, contributionliterature文学modest 谦虚的第7页共11页What do you know about Alfred Nobel, Founder of the Nobel Prizes?Alfred Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. His father was an en

37、gineer in Stockholm, Sweden. _参考答案 . 单项选择，从A、 B、C 、 D 四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1. D解析： suggest 接宾语从句时表示“建议”，从句中应该用“should +动词原形”表示虚拟， should 可以省略。B 解析： immediately 相当于连词，表示“一就” ，后接时间状语从句。C 解析： make contributions to sth / doing sth 为做贡献。B 解析： sb / sth is to blame 某人 /某事物应受责备。5. D解析： attend on / upon / to 伺候，看

38、护，照料。与take care of 和 look after 为近义词。C 解析： think up 想出。 set up 创设。 make up 编造。 put up X贴。句义是“他编造了所有的故事”，故选 C。7. A解析：get / be done 表示“被” ，可以排除B 和 D。 link连接，连结。expose 暴露。根据句义“过多接触X 射线，会对健康造成危害”，故选 A 。B 解析： refuse to do 拒绝做某事。 reject doing 拒绝做某事。 cannot resist doing 禁不住做某事。题干意思“因为服务差，许多人拒绝购买这家超市的商品”，根据

39、句型结构应选 B。9. A 解析： under control 一切在控制中。 in charge 在掌管中。 in disorder 处于混乱。根据句义及搭配应选 A 。10. D解析：从后半句可推知前半句的意思是“从他惊愕的表情”。terrified face 惊恐的脸，表示人很害怕的表情。terrifying 令人害怕的。故选D 。A 解析：句义为“他告诉我昨天在会上讨论的事情” 。事情是被讨论，可以排除 C；选项 B 表示将要被讨论；选项 D 表示正在被讨论；故选 A 。第8页共11页12. B解析：第一个空 the key to 中的 to 是介词，后面要接名词或者动名词；第二个空要

40、用 made，过去分词作定语，意思是“顾客提出的要求”。故选 B。13. D解析：过去分词作表语或定语时常用来修饰人，be pleased with表示“对满意” 。pleasant 意思是“令人愉快的” ，修饰物。故选 D。14. C解析： baby 与 sleep 之间是一种主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语；asleep 只能作表语。故选 C。15. A解析： temple 与 build 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，to be built 表示要修建，还没有修建；being built 表示正在修建当中。本句说庙宇是在清朝时修建的，所以选A。 . 用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完

41、成下列句子1. astonished2. polluted3. invited4. parked5. inspired; inspiring6. disappointed7. experienced8. affected9. linked10. delivered . 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语After curing millions of people of their cholera, the medicine proved effective.Getting up to watch a football match at midnight last night l

42、ed to his falling asleep at class now.It is no use crying over failure.Don talways blame failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.They were absorbed in (watching) a movie. . 完形填空A 解析： make full use of 为固定短语，意为“充分利用” 。这里指充分采用他所观察的事实。B 解析： be based on意思为“以为根据” 。这里指以事实为依据。B 解析：根据后面的内容“做实验

43、来证明它们”可以推知本句句义为“他总是仔细审核观点并做实验来验证” 。D 解析：从此句后半部分以及本文最后一句可以知道应该是指“现代科学”。5. A解析： date back (to . ) 为固定短语，意思是“追溯到时间”。B 解析：此处 time 意思是“时代，时期” 。D 解析：句义为“我们应该通过对周围的事情进行观察和做实验来学科学”。 on 和 by都有“靠、凭借”的意思；on 后常常接名词或代词；by 后常接动名词。第9页共11页B 解析： make a discovery 为固定短语，意思是“发现” 。在此符合题意。9. A解析：此处who 引导一个定语从句，who 指代前面的the greatest of several great men。10.B 解析： by degrees 是一个固定短语，相当于gradually ，意思是“渐渐地，逐渐地” 。11.A 解析：根据语境，此处是指通过观察、实验来发现“真理(truth) ”，而不是“问题” 。B 解析：此处讲述的是在伽利略之前的科学家的观点，即大物体比小物体更快地着地，故选 B。C 解析：实验是在比萨斜塔的“顶上”进行的。D 解析：根据上文