2018考研英语写作基础课程讲义

1、英语基础写作2018辅导讲义主讲文都教学前言一、 英语二和英语一作文的区别英语一作文：1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.2. Give your comments.范文对比:his cartoon, a hen is aring the publict the eggs she lays are compley round,without any square corners, andt they all have ss and yolks. It seems amusing for the hen tobe taking cr

2、edit forng nothing moren her dutyto lay ordinary eggs. But there is a deepersol messagehis cartoon. 图画图表描述段Recently ise common for peopleany walks of life to make a lot of high-soundingpromises. For instance, administration departments promise efficient performance of their tasks,without any bribery

3、 involved. Again, commerl entrises promise to provide excellent productsat reasonable priand with warm service. At, we feelt we shouldnk them for makingextra efforts on our behalf; but, upon reflection, we realizet they all have a basic responsibilityto do thingst they promise. 意义阐释段“Good wine needs

4、 no bush.” If businesses and administration do their jobs properly and servethe people, they will prosper withouving to make a lot of meaningless promises. 建议措施段英语二作文：1范文对比：As is clearly shown by the chart, there is a series of figures showing the ratio of different energy consumption. It can be see

5、n t space heating takes up the most energy consumption, which accounts for 48% of the total. The second largest portion of energy (18%) is used for lighting,cooking, and running applian, with water heating, refrigeration making up 14% and 13%respectively. Among these, space cooling comes up to be th

6、e lowest, 7% of the whole.（数据描述）So what can be drawn from the chart? It is nord to understandt space heating takes upthe biggest proportion, which indicatest space heating is the biggest reason of energyconsumption. It naturally followst, only by solving the problem of space heating can we find way

7、out for the situation suggested by the chart. Then, the question is: in what way can we dealwith ie of space heating? （数据分析）Among various kinds of solutions, solar energy might be the most effective answer to thisquestion mainly due to the fact to the problem. It is also net solar energy can provide

8、 a very convenient and quick solution sary to appeal to the public to strengthen the awareness of savingenergy, which is very constructive to the problem-solving reflected by the chart.（解决措施）二、作文在和英语中的重要性有多少？三、英语分数规划与做题顺序。2第一部分小作文第一节： 大小作文连接词 (三分差距 )第二节：小作文必备 10 组词汇短语1.期待I meet youhe near future.2.有

9、关与关心concern3.回复/回音4.情感：感激/遗憾/歉意/诚挚希望5.如下所示Follow6.号召呼吁 Call, appeal It is high timet we.7.采取措施Takemeasures to Takesteps to方便8.9.建议/重要I suggesttMy suggestion ist310. 表达I am here writing this letter to convey my第三节：小作文语法（若都用到且用对，满分）：1. 虚拟语气：要不是 （感谢/）是做某事的时候了。2.倒装句We can do this onlyhis way.Onlyhis way

10、 can we do this3.强调句The matter has been solved because theernment took immediate steps.It is because theernment took immediate movest the matter has been addressed4.现在完成时第四节：2018 小作文版本：4第二部分大作文第一节：大作文必备话题词：1.采取措施2.如今3.描述/表明/生动地4.越来越多5.关注6.重要性7.反映/成为的This picture reflects a common phenomenont.8. 现象/问

11、题9. 改善/Ameliorate10. 影响11. 身心健康12. 有关Concern513. 意识/忽略14. 联合/解决15. 生动地/逻辑地/清楚地16. 图表/数据17. 增加/减少18. 不可见的19. 发人深省的20. 补充内容第二节：大作文七个语法点（注：包括小作文语法，若用到其中四点且用对，满分）：1. 主谓一致61). 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Taking steps and strengthening prevention are the most important factors to amelioration of the current situation翻译：

12、采取措施和加强防范是改善的关键。注意：当主语由 and 连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用 is，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词，共用一个冠词用单数表示。The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The League secretary and monitor asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. is B. was C. are D. were2). 主谓一致中的就近原则当 there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主

13、语保持一致.翻译：图中有一个小男孩和一对父母正在看关于环保的电视。3).谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有 with, together with, 谓语动词与前面的主语一致.The teacher together with some students） holding a discusabout how to fight against（commerl cheating.4). 在一些短语，如many a 或 moren one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式.但由 moren of作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致.） addicted to digital pro

14、ducts.Many Morerson （n 60 percent of the citizens （） from the countryside.练习题：（只有练习才可以彻底掌握）1. The old well looked after by theernment in China.C. has beenA. isB. areD. was2. The secretary and manager very busy now.A. isB. areC. wasD. were3. Both the secretary and the manager agreed to attend the mee

15、ting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmates invited to the party.A. wasB. wereC. have beenD. had been5. Either you or I going to the teachers office after class.A. amB. isC. areD. will6. Most of his spare time spent in reading.A. areB. wereC. was t appeared this year.C. had

16、 beenD. have been7. This is one of the best novelsA. have beenB. hasD. have8. Ten thousand dollars quite a large sum.A. areB. isC. wereD. have9. About 20 percent of the work done yesterday.A. are10. Mr. Smith，A. areB. istogether with his children，B. hasC. werearrived.C. isD . wasD. have11. It I who

17、leaving for London.A. isisB. amisC. isamD. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife fond of watchingevi.A. areB. wereC. beD. is13. When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. is not decidedC. has not decidedB. are not decidedD. have not decided the rest .B. has proved difficult. have been found di

18、fficult714. Although theA. are difficultpart of the book is easy，C. iped difficu15.t they were wrongA. ishese matters now clear to us all.B. wasC. areD. were16. Half of his goods _ stolen the other day.A. areB. wereC. isD. was17. Mathematics the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is

19、 to be18. Each of the students a Chi-English dictionary.C. there isA. haveB. hasD. there are19. They each a beautiful handkerchief.A. haveB. hasC. there isD. there are20. Betn the two rows of trees the teaching building.A. standB. standsC. standingD. ar21. Writing stories and articles what I enjoy m

20、ost，A. isB. areC. wasD. wer22. A good deal of money spent on books.A. haveB. hasC. have beenD. has been23. On the wall two large portraits.A. hangsB. hangC. hangedD. hanging24. turn green in spring.A. LeafB. LeafsC. LeaveD. Leaves25. Father went to his doctor for about his heart trouble.A. an advice

21、B. adviceC. adviD. the advice26. The number of people invited fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons.A. were; wasB. was; wasC. was; wereD. were; were27. The air in big cities very dirty by factories.A. are often madeB. is often madeC. have often made（permit）C. is allowedD. has oft

22、en made28. Nobody to smokehe cinema.A. allows29. The ChiA. areB. allowD. are allowedpeople hard-working and brave.B. isC. has beenD. are being30. can be done been done.A. All; haveB. Allt; haveC. All; hasD. Allt; has2. 非谓语动词概述3. 伴随状语，独立主格结构 (例句)独立主格结构：8All night long he lay awake, tossing and turnin

23、g, with his blood surging and boiling, thinking of his woman.非谓语动词专项练习 （阅读翻译知识点）一、单项选择:1.The meeting nextk ire to be a great sucs.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place2. by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds.A. InspiredB. Being inspiredC.

24、To be inspiredD. Inspiring3.Its no good here. Lets go home.A. to waitB. waitedC. waitingD. being waited4.I listened to the wind, t he would not come tonight.A. thinkingB. to thinkC. thoughtD. being thinking5.As a result of my laziness, I failed my workime.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD

25、. to finished6.I am sorry written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to noveC. not to haveD. noving7.Tom apologized to me again.A. to be lateB. of being lateC. to have been lateD. for being late8.I remained long after I had been told the story.A. puzzlingB. puzzledC. being puzzledD. to be puz

26、zled9.Will you lend him a magazine A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read10.The article_ on thibject was written by Mr. Black.A. referring 11.Living near the sea, _B. referredC. referring toD. referred to.A.njoy healthy air and beautiful sightB. healthy air and beautiful sight is whatC. it

27、is healthy air and beautiful sightnjoy njoyD. sonjoy healthy air and beautiful sight12. since the night before, I felt veryA. Having not eaten anythingC. I hadnt eaten anythinggry.B. Not eating anythingD. Noving eaten anything13.We then listened to the child the article on the blackboard.A. read, wr

28、itingB. reading, writingC. to read, writtenD. read, written14. it with me and Ill see what I can do.A. When leftB. LeavingC. If you leaveD. Leave15. such a chance, why dont you have a tryA. To giveB. HavingC. GivenD. Giving16.We discussed the plant we would like to see the nextk.A. carry onB. carryi

29、ng o. carried outD. to carry out17. made them much disappoA. His not coming backC. He not to come back18.Five people were reported A. to be killedC. killeded.B. Not his coming backD. Not he come back he accident.B. to killD. to have been killed19.I flew to Paris this morning, my assistant me there t

30、his Friday.A. joiningB. to joinC. will joinD. wants to join920.He tried to calm himself, .A. forceB. to forceC. forcingD. forced21., I went to the park with my uncle.A. As holiday22. Do you mindB. Being no classesC. Since have no classesD. It being a holiday Go ahead.A. opening the doorC. my opening

31、 the door23. I have one or two things .B. your opening the doorD. I opening the doorA. to lookB. to seeC. to see toD. to look to24. is bad for his health.A. Mike smokingC. Mikes being smokingB. Mikes smokingD. Mike smokes25.I cameo the classroom, my seat and sat down to read.A. findingB. to findC. f

32、oundD. founded二、单句改错1.I dream of standing on the platformhe classroom and give lessons to lovely boys.2.There is no doubt in sayt pollution ising increasing severe.3.I want tonk you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays.This drawing mirror a prevalent phenomenon people are paying li

33、ttle attention to the ne protecting environment.Making legislations and take measures are the key to the problem solving.sary of6. As graphically shown by thcture, Mr. Tangible is singing and flying.7. Filial piety is a traditional virtue, whiciversally acknowledged.8.So what are the invisible andan

34、gible reasons behind the problem reflect by thcture.9. There are two factors lead to the problemtomize by the drawing.The most important factor to be consider is education plays a indispensable role.It is also of great important to attach importance to the role play by education.The administration o

35、ught to take efficiency steps to fight against pollution.It is imperative for us to appeal the public to enhance the conscious of environment protection.A increasingly number of people are ignoring pollution, whichOnly by combine our efforts can the situation be ameliorated.e more and more severe.三、

36、翻译练习1.一个发展中国家,属于第三世界(the Third World)China is a country, the Third World.2. 正在修建的这座房子将作的餐厅.The building will be served as our dining- hall.103. 由于不知道地址,没法和他取得联系. his address, we have no way with him.4. 既不懂当地的语言,在这国家又没有朋友,她觉得要想找到工作是不可能的. the local language and having no friend a job.he country, he fo

37、und it imsible5. 生长在农村,他对农民的生活有着深刻的了解. and he countryside, he knows better about the hard life of peasant.6. 近年来下,人们的生活的条件有了大大的改善.In recent years, by the Party, people find their living conditions gre.y4.5.6.7.倒装句 强调句 虚拟语气句子前的强调句型 5 句。第三节：大作文1.图画背后的原因是什么呢？原因如下所示。2.图画作者试图表明某某的重要性。3.为了解决/改善图画所反映，是时候采取

38、有效有力措施了。4.如今，越来越多的人开始重视/忽视做某事的重要性。5.，只有个人、社会、才能解决图画所反映。11英语一大作文 2018 初级第四节：版本：附：写作基础语法单项练习：1.A 通过next形式.k得知会议是在下周举行,用不定式作定语表示将来的动作,takeplace 没有2.A 题意为:由于受到竭尽全力做好事.不定式作状语时常表示目的和完成.B 项表示正在进行的动作.精神的鼓舞和结果,故 C 项不对.过去分词作状语时表3.C It is no goodng sth. 这个结构中,ng 是个动名词,用作主语.句意为:在这里等着也没用,咱们还是回家吧.4.A 分词作伴随状语.如填 C, 前面应有 and.不定式表目的或结果,句子意思不通.D 为