A3状语从句和并列句

1、A3 状语从句和并列句 考 纲 解 读1状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语 从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。2能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法 差异。3whatever，whenever，wherever等引导词与 no matter wh等引导词的不同用法。 考 情 解 读 考点 题量年份状语从句时间状语条件状语让步状语原因状语地点状语目的/结果状语并列句2008555212120096630001201056212012011508002320123460314 趋 势 解 读1状语从句为必考点之一，试题结构日趋复杂化，设问呈现交叉和综合的特点，四个选项中尽可能呈现出不同性质的连词a

2、s，while，unless出现率高，干扰项还从定语从句或名词性从句的角度进行干扰。2对于让步状语从句考查仍是重头戏，2012年共考查6题，并列句考查逐年上升。易错警示_time going on, its getting warmer and warmer.AWhen BAs CWith DWhile易误选B表示“随着”或“一边一边”，常用as连接词，后跟时间状语从句，但此处为going on，为非谓语结构，学生不懂结构变化，易误选B，答案为C。_I heard the voice, I know father was coming.AAt the moment BAt the moment

3、 thatCThe moment that DThe moment易误选A学生不知句子结构，极易根据所谓的“语感”而误选A，此处the moment转化为一个连接词，后跟时间状语从句，正确答案为D。翻译：他们还未到火车站，火车就开走了。Before they didnt reach the station, the train had gone.学生易受汉语思维影响而译成左面的句子，其实before状语从句谓语不用否定式。正确译句：Before they reached the station, the train had gone.It is 3 years since I smoked a

4、 cigar.翻译：我吸烟有3年了。学生会根据习惯作类似左面的翻译，其实since从句谓语若为延续性动词，应译为“自从不”正确译句：我不吸烟有3年了。Before _away by the police, he said bye to his family.Ataken Bbeing takenCto be taken Dtaking易误选A学生极易根据状语从句省略条件而误选A。特殊用法谨记！答案为B。作连词后跟完整时间状语从句作介词后跟名词、代词、动名词before/after/sinceEvery visitor is welcome, so just come if you _Ashal

5、l Bwill Ccan Dmust易误选D学生根据平时强化的思维，即if条件状语从句中不能出现will助动词，首先排除B，而此时will为情态动词，表示“愿意”正确答案B。_much work you have to do, you need a good sleep.AHowever BAlthough CAs DDespite易误选B、D学生弄不清句子结构，而根据逻辑易误选D，although后必然用陈述语序，as从句有特定从句的倒装结构。答案为A。考点精析 基 础 盘 点 热 门 考 点1when/while/as2before/till/until/since3hardly.when

6、./no sooner.than.4once5if/unless/as long as/in case6where/wherever7even though/if8as让步状语从句9目的状语从句和结果状语从句10状语从句的省略11whever让步状语从句 关 注 节 点(2012湖南卷)_I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.AWhile BOnce CIf DUntil答案Awhile此时表示转折。(2011浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave f

7、or a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for help.Aafter Bwhile Csince Dwhen答案Dwhen译为“就在那时”，相当于and at that time。热点31_youre there, can you get me some stamps?AFor BWhile CAs DBecause答案Bwhile译为“当时候”，as不能引导疑问句，because引导的是原因状语从句，if表示的是虚拟语气。Awhen Bwhile Cas Dtill答案C句意：他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。as译为“一边一边”，表示两个变化中的动作

8、的同时性。Im going to the post office.He hurried home, looking behind _he went.Awhile Bwhen Cbefore Duntil答案Bwhen在此处作并列连词，相当于and at that time。Abecause Bsince Cas Dwhen答案D考查when作并列连词，相当于but at that time。He was half through the meal _a familiar voice came to his ears.I walked home that day _ I could have t

9、aken a taxi.(1)When the film ended, the people went back.(2)When I was young, I used to visit her.when可作为并列连词(1)相当于and at that timeI was about to leave when he came.(2)相当于but at that timeShe just showed me the direction when she should have led me there.while从句动作持续(从句常用进行时态)近些年多考主、从句动作的对比Its unfairI

10、m working while the others are sleeping.as还可表示“随着”，“一边一边”。As time goes on, its getting warmer(With)time going on, its getting warmer.(2010福建卷)The girl had hardly rung the bell _the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.Abefore Buntil Cas Dsince答案A此处可译为“还未就”。(2010陕西卷)John t

11、hinks it wont be long _he is ready for his new job.Awhen Bafter Cbefore Dsince答案C此处可译为“不到就”。热点32Aas Bbefore Csince Dwhen答案C此处译为“自从”。Awhether Bafter Cthough DuntilShe has been working in this factory _she left school.(2011上海卷)If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill

12、wait _it comes out on DVD.答案D如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去(电影院)看，或者我会等到它的DVD发行。考查状语从句。由句意可知D为正确答案。Asince Buntil Ctill Dafter答案B考查not.until.，固定用法。Dont move _the bus stops.1till：主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，主、从句皆为肯定句。 He remained there until/till she arrived.2until：主句谓语动词必须为短暂动词，从句为肯定句。 He wont leave until I return. not.until

13、.3before It will be段时间before.“还要过多久才” It will be a long time before I return.4since 主句(一般现在时或现在完成时)since从句(一般过去时) 主句(一般过去时)since从句(过去完成时)It be段时间since从句Its 3 years since I left school.(从句动作短暂，译为“自从”)Its 3 years since I lived here.(从句动作持续，译为“自从不”)(2012全国卷)I had hardly got to the office _my wife phone

14、d me to go back home at once.Awhen Bthan Cuntil Dafter答案Ahardly.when.习惯搭配。(2011辽宁卷)He had no sooner finished his speech _the students started cheering.Asince Bas Cwhen Dthan答案Dno sooner.than.习惯搭配。热点33(2010安徽卷)Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _it becomes availabl

15、e.Aas soon as Bunless Cas far as Duntil答案A译为“一就”。hardly.when.no sooner.than.为常见高频考查句型，一般设置hardly或no sooner提前，考查倒装语序，偶尔顺便考查时态。一就as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.(2011北京卷)_they decide which college to go to, student

16、s should research the admission procedures.AAs BWhile CUntil DOnce答案Donce，“一旦”引导时间状语从句。热点34_environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.AEven if BIf only CWhile DOnce答案Donce引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon asif。once引导时间状语从句，其逻辑相当于as soon asif，有条件的含义，但偏于时间。(2012江西卷)You can borro

17、w my car _you promise not to drive too fast.Aunless Beven if Cin case Das long as答案D考查条件状语从句，unless相当于if not。热点35Aif Bunless Cbecause Dsince答案B句意：希腊政府很难克服目前的金融危机，除非从欧盟获取更多的经济支持。本题考查条件状语从句。if如果；unless除非；because因为；since自从。(2012福建卷)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficultie

18、s _it gets more financial support from the European Union.Aas long as Beven though Cin case Das if答案C把钥匙留给邻居以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。考查目的状语从句。根据句意选C项，in case(that)以防。as long as只要；even though即使；as if仿佛，好像。Aonce Bif Cafter Dunless答案D句意：我旅行的预算很吃紧，所以不打算坐飞机，除非航空公司降低票价。考查状语从句。unless相当于if.not，符合前后句的逻辑。(2012辽宁卷)Leave

19、your key with your neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.(2012上海卷)I have a tight budget for the trip, so Im not going to fly _the airlines lower ticket prices.1as long as只要，充分条件 unless除非，必要条件2unless一般相当于if.not. 但如果未出现A就出现B时只用if I should be shocked if he doesnt cause an accident.(if.notunless) (在中

20、学阶段)unless一般不用于虚拟语气(2012山东卷)A number of high buildings have arisen _there was nothing a year ago but ruins.Awhen Bwhere Cbefore Duntil答案B考查地点状语从句。whereat the place where。热点36Awhy Bwhere Cwho Dwhat答案B句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路的话，你最好在原地等待救援。本题考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，stay在句子中为不及物动词，空格处引导地点状语从句，故答案选B。其余选项均不引导地点状语从句，故可排除。(20

21、12四川卷)If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd better stay _you are and wait for help.Awhen Bas Cwhere Dbecause答案C考查状语从句。whereat the place where others are weak。John has his own advantage for he is strong _ others are weak.You can stay where/wherever you want to.介词where名词性从句(宾语从句)介词先行词where定语从句Th

22、e doctor advised me to live where air is fresher.(地点状语从句)in where air is fresher.(宾语从句)in the place where air is fresher.(定语从句)2where引导状语从句(2012北京卷)Look at those clouds!Dont worry. _it rains，well still have a great time.AEven if BAs though CIn case DIf only答案A考查让步状语从句，从下面still我们可以看出其逻辑“即使依然”。热点37I s

23、hall carry out the plan _I should fail 100 times.Aalthough Bas Ceven if Deven though答案C考查让步状语从句，even though译为“即使”。even加强语气，因脱胎于条件，所以even if既可真实亦可虚拟。even加强语气，因though原来就表示让步，故even though只能为真实情况。从句为真实情况，even though/even if可互换。2even though从句(真实)(2012陕西卷)Hot _the night air was, we slept deeply because we

24、 were so tired after the long journey.Aalthough Bas Cwhile Dhowever答案Bas引导让步状语从句。热点38补全句子_，its true. 虽然看起来不可能，但却是真的。_，he knows to help others. 他虽是个孩子，但知道帮助别人。_，we must acknowledge his greatness. 虽然我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。_，they failed again. 尽管努力了，但他们又失败了。答案Impossible as it seemsChild as he isDislike him a

25、s we mayHard as they tried(1)表as主语系动词表语为单数名词时，必须是零冠词(2)状(常为副词)as主语谓语(宾语)(3)谓(常为动词原形)as主语情态动词或助动词情态动词或助动词常为may/might/would/did等1as让步状语从句常见结构as可与though替换Despite the heavy rainAlthough/Though it rains heavily，we walk on.3despitein spite of介词后跟名词性结构(2008江西卷)My English teachers humor was _made every stud

26、ent burst into laughter.Aso as to Bsuch as toCsuch that Dso that答案Csuch.that句型，such此处为代词。热点39ASuch BThis CThat DSo答案Asuch.that.句型。ASo much involved in the program he gotBSo much involved in the program did he getCSo much involved in the program he did getDSo much involved in the program he was答案Bso短

27、语提前，引起主句倒装，故选B。_is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous._that he wont switch off the TV set. 见定语从句热点讲解2such.that. such作代词时特别注意3so/such.that.句型中，so/such短语提前，引起主句倒 装 so/such短语提前(1)主句主系表结构主句全部倒装系动词仅限于be，其它系动词，主句部分倒装So clever is he that he can remember whatever hes been informed of.

28、(2)主句主谓(宾)结构主句部分倒装So hard did he work that he got a rise.(2012陕西卷)All the photographs in this book, _stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.Aunless Buntil Conce Dif答案A考查状语从句省略，意为：除非特别说明，照片皆可追溯到20世纪50年代了。热点310Aonce Bwhen Cif Dunless答案D考查连词。句意：“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”Aonce Bwhen Cif Dafter答案A考

29、查状语从句的省略。句意：同他之间的友谊，一旦建立，将永远持续。(2010山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult.The friendship with him, _founded, will last for ever.状语从句省略(1)同时满足上述三个条件方可省略(2)方式状语从句满足条件后有时省略(3)before/after/since须引导完整时间状语从句(详见本专题命题陷阱)(2008宁夏海

30、南全国卷卷)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _the season.Awhatever Bwherever Cwhenever Dhowever答案A补全应为whatever the season may/might be。热点311Awhatever Bwherever Cwhenever Dhowever答案Awhatever引导让步状语从句，表示“不管什么(怎样)”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。从句的有些成分有时可以省略。(浙江卷)The tower must be saved, _the cost.AHowever a serious problem BWhat a serious problemCHowever s