电子与通信技术专业英语UnitⅠ-5课件

1、刘 骋 蔡 静 刘小芹 主编电子与通信技术专业英语（第5版）高职高专电子信息类“十三五”规划教材English on Electronic and Telecommunication Technology01Unit Basic Knowledge of ElectronicsLesson 5 Digital CircuitUnit New WordsPrimarily praimrli adv. 首先, 起初, 主要地, 根本上Binary bainri adj. 二进制的, 二元的Switch swit n. & vt. 开关, 转换; 转换Achieve ti:v vt. 完成, 达到N

2、ew WordsPulsepls n. 脉搏, 脉冲function fkn n. & vi. 功能, 函数; 运行inversion inv:n n. 倒置scale skeil n. 刻度, 衡量, 比例, 数值范围 flip-flopflipflp n. 触发器Phrases and Expressionsintegrated circuits 集成电路 The phrase “digital electronics” is used to describe those circuit systems which primarily operate with the use of onl

3、y two different voltage levels or two other binary states. The two different states by which digital circuits operate may be of several forms. They can, in the most simple form, consist of the opening and closing of a switch. In this case, the closed-switch state can be represented by 1 and the open

4、-switch state by 0.Lesson 5 Digital CircuitChinese Translation of Texts“数字电子技术”这一术语，是用来描述只用两种不同电压电平或两种不同的二进制状态进行工作的电路系统。数字电路用以工作的两种不同状态有几种形式。最简单的一种形式是由开关的断开和闭合状态组成的。在这种情况下，开关闭合状态用1表示，开关断开状态用0表示。第5课 数字电路Chinese Translation of Texts A very common method of digital operation is achieved by using voltag

5、e pulses. The presence of a positive pulse can be represented by 1 and the absence of a pulse by 0. With a square-wave signal, the positive pulses can represent 1 and the negative pulses can represent 0.Chinese Translation of Texts 最常用的数字运算法是用电压脉冲完成的。有正脉冲存在用1表示，没有正脉冲存在用0表示。若用方波信号，正脉冲可代表1，负脉冲可代表0。Chi

6、nese Translation of Texts Integrated circuits containing many transistors are most commonly used as switching devices in digital electronics logic gates. The three basic types of digital logic gates are the AND gate, the OR gate, and the NOT gate(as shown in Fig.4-1). The operation of an AND gate is

7、 mathematically expressed by the equation A B=C. This can be read as “ input A and input B equals output C ”. The operation of an OR gate is often expressed by the equation A+B=C. This can be read as “ either input A or input B (or both) equals output C ”. Chinese Translation of Texts 含有许多晶体管的集成电路被广

8、泛用作电子数字逻辑门中的开关器件。有三种基本逻辑门，它们是与门，或门和非门（如图4-1所示）。与门运算用数学等式可表示为AB=C，读作“ 输入A与输入B等于输出C ”。或门运算常用方程A+B=C表示，读作“ 输入A或输入B（或两者）等于输出C ”。 Chinese Translation of Texts An important function of NOT gate is to produce signal inversion or an output signal that is opposite in nature to the input signal. Any logic fun

9、ction can be performed by the three basic gates that have been described. Even in a large scale digital system, such as a computer, control, or digital-communication system, there are only a few basic operations, which must be performed. The three basic types of digital logic gates and the flip-flop

10、 are the four circuits most commonly employed in such systems.Chinese Translation of Texts 非门的重要功能是产生反向信号，即产生与输入信号性质相反的输出信号。任何一种逻辑功能都可用上述三种基本门电路来完成。即使是在大规模数字系统，例如计算机系统、控制系统、或数字通信系统中，需要进行的基本运算也只有这几种。三种基本形式的数字逻辑门和触发器是这些系统中最常用的四个电路。Chinese Translation of Texts Another form of digital circuit is program

11、mable logic devices. Programmable logic devices can perform the same functions as machines based on logic gates, but can be easily reprogrammed without changing the wiring. This means that a designer can often repair design errors without changing the arrangement of wires. Therefore, in small volume

12、 products, programmable logic devices are often the preferred solution. They are usually designed by engineers using electronic design automation software.Chinese Translation of Texts 另一种形式的数字电路是可编程逻辑器件，可编程逻辑器件可以与基于逻辑门的电路完成相同的功能，但可以很容易地重新编程而不改变布线。这意味着设计师往往可以修复设计错误而不改变布线。因此，在体积较小的产品中，可编程逻辑器件往往是首选的解决方

13、案。他们通常是由设计工程师利用电子设计自动化软件设计完成。Chinese Translation of TextsNotesThe phrase “ digital electronics” is used to describe those circuit systems which primarily operate with the use of only two different voltage levels or two other binary states. (1) to describe or two other binary states是不定式短语，充当目的状语； （2）

14、which primarily operate with the use of only two different voltage levels or two other binary states是定语从句，修饰systems。1NotesThe two different states by which digital circuits operate may be of several forms.数字电路用以工作的两种不同状态有几种形式。 句中by which digital circuits operate是定语从句，修饰states。2NotesIn this case, the

15、 closed-switch state can be represented by 1 and the open-switch state by 0.在这种情况下，开关闭合状态用1表示，开关断开状态用0表示。 (1) closed-switch和open-switch具有形容词性，充当定语，均修饰state；(2) and the open-switch state by 0已省略了谓语动词部分can be represented。3Noteswith a square-wave signal, 若用方波信号， 这是一个表示条件的介词短语，其作用相当于一个条件状语从句。4NotesAn im

16、portant function of NOT gate is to produce signal inversion or an output signal that is opposite in nature to the input signal. 非门的重要功能是产生反向信号，即产生与输入信号性质相反的输出信号。 不定式to produce signal inversion or an output signal充当表语，其后是定语从句that is opposite in nature to the input signal，用以修饰该表语。5Notessuch as a compu

17、ter, control, or digital-communication system, there are only a few basic operations, which must be performed. 例如计算机系统、控制系统、或数字通信系统中，需要进行的基本运算也只有几种。 (1) such as引出a large scale digital system的同位语； (2) which must be performed是非限制性定语从句。6NotesThe three basic types of digital logic gates and the flip-flo

18、p are the four circuits most commonly employed in such systems. 这三种基本形式的数字逻辑门和触发器是这些系统中最常用的四个电路。 过去分词短语most commonly employed in such systems充当定语， 修饰circuits，其中employed在这里的意义是“使用”，相当于used。7Exercises 1. Write T (True) or F (False) beside the following statements about the text.a. The two different st

19、ates by which digital circuits operate is only one form.b. The closed-switch state can be represented by 1 and the open-switch state can be represented by 2.c. A very common method of digital operation is achieved by using current pulses.d. Integrated circuits containing many transistors are most co

20、mmonly used as switching devices in digital electronics logic gates.e. The three basic types of digital logic gates are the AND gate, the OR gate, and the NOT gate.Exercises 1. Write T (True) or F (False) beside the following statements about the text.f. An important function of NOT gate is to produ

21、ce signal inversion or an input signal that is opposite in nature to the output signal.g. The three basic types of digital logic gates and the flip-flop are the four circuits most commonly employed in such systems.h. Even in a large scale digital system, such as a computer, control, or digital-commu

22、nication system, there are a lot of basic operations, which must be performed.Exercises 1. Write T (True) or F (False) beside the following statements about the text.a. The two different states by which digital circuits operate is only one form.b. The closed-switch state can be represented by 1 and

23、the open-switch state can be represented by 2.c. A very common method of digital operation is achieved by using current pulses.d. Integrated circuits containing many transistors are most commonly used as switching devices in digital electronics logic gates.e. The three basic types of digital logic g

24、ates are the AND gate, the OR gate, and the NOT gate.FFFTTExercises 1. Write T (True) or F (False) beside the following statements about the text.f. An important function of NOT gate is to produce signal inversion or an input signal that is opposite in nature to the output signal.g. The three basic

25、types of digital logic gates and the flip-flop are the four circuits most commonly employed in such systems.h. Even in a large scale digital system, such as a computer, control, or digital-communication system, there are a lot of basic operations, which must be performed.F TFExercises2. Match the fo

26、llowing terms to appropriate definition or expression.a. digital electronicsb. AB=Cc. A+B=Cd. voltage pulses1. circuit systems which primarily operate with the use of only two different voltage levels or two other binary states2. input A and input B equals output C3. either input A or input B (or bo

27、th) equals output C4. a very common method of digital operationExercises2. Match the following terms to appropriate definition or expression.a. digital electronicsb. AB=Cc. A+B=Cd. voltage pulses1. circuit systems which primarily operate with the use of only two different voltage levels or two other

28、 binary states2. input A and input B equals output C3. either input A or input B (or both) equals output C4. a very common method of digital operationExercises3. Fill in the missing words according to the text.a. They can, in the simplest form, consist of the opening and closing of a switch. In this

29、 case, can be represented by 1 and by 0.b. The presence of a also can be represented by 1 and the of a pulse by 0.c. With a signal, the positive pulses can represent 1, the negative pulses can represent 0.d. The operation of an OR gate is often expressed by the equation .Exercises3. Fill in the miss

30、ing words according to the text.a. They can, in the simplest form, consist of the opening and closing of a switch. In this case, the closed-switch state can be represented by 1 and the open-switch state by 0.b. The presence of a positive pulse also can be represented by 1 and the absence of a pulse

31、by 0.c. With a square-wave signal, the positive pulses can represent 1, the negative pulses can represent 0.d. The operation of an OR gate is often expressed by the equation A+B=C.Exercises4. Translate the flowing paragraph into Chinese.Digital signals and circuits are the vast and important subject

32、. Digital signals are binary in nature taking on values in one of two well-defined ranges. The set of basic operations that can be performed on digital signals is quite small. The behavior of any digital system, (up to and including the most sophisticated digital computer) can be represented by appr

33、opriate combinations of digital variables and the digital operations from this small set.Exercises4. Translate the flowing paragraph into Chinese.Digital signals and circuits are the vast and important subject. Digital signals are binary in nature taking on values in one of two well-defined ranges.

34、The set of basic operations that can be performed on digital signals is quite small. The behavior of any digital system, (up to and including the most sophisticated digital computer) can be represented by appropriate combinations of digital variables and the digital operations from this small set. 数字信号和数字电路是一门非常重要的学科。数字信号是二进制的，其值落入两个划定界限的区域中的一个。对数字信号进行基本运算的集合非常小。任何一个数字系统的行为（包括最复杂的数字计算机）都可以用这个小集合里的数字变量和数字运算的适当组合来表示。Exercises4. Translate following paragraph into Chinese. We concerned with digital system variables that take on only two values (bina