人教版高中英语必修一Unit-One-Friendship讲义

1、人教版高中英语必修Unit-One-Friendship人教版高中英语必修一Unit One FriendshipSurveyMake a general survey of sth.纵观某事物Mae a survey of sth. 调查某事物Vt.查看Add to 增添Addto.往添加Add up to合计达，加起来总和是Calm v.（使）平静；（使）镇定 adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动Keep/stay calm 保持镇静Calm before the storm暴风雨前的平静Calm down 使平息，使平静单词用法calm常指天气平静，无风；海上无浪；镇

2、定，无忧虑，镇静自若等quiet表示静止的，宁静 的”，指没有激动，烦恼，忧虑，康掉没有扰 乱或闹声的“宁静”或“心神安宁”silent表示先声的”沉默的”still表示“静止不动的” “二 静的”，强调没有动作 的状态Ignore vt.忽视，对不予理睬Ignorance n.无知Ignorant adj.无知的，不知道的Be ignorant of/about sb. /sth.对某人/某物不知道Upset v.使不安，使心烦；打乱，搅乱（计划等）；弄翻；使不舒服的adj.心烦意乱的（不置于名词前）；（胃等）不舒服；（计划等）搅乱的；翻倒的单词用法成分upset由于某事发展只做表语，不过程

3、中有种紧张的感觉作定语nervous在某事发展过 程中有种紧张 的感觉作定语，表语anxious由于害怕发生或不发生某事而感到焦虑作定语，表语Have got to(二have to) 不得不，必须have got to 的否定式为 haven t got to ; have to 的否定式为 don t have to 。用于疑问句中时，前者have提前，后者借助于助动词do。表示一次性动作时，两者可以互换。担当表示习惯性动作时，尤其是当句子中含有always, often, sometimes等频率副词时，则应使用 have to ,不使用 have got to 。have got to

4、罕用于过去时，而have to除可用于过去时外，还可与情态动词，助动词连用，可用于完成时结构中。have (got)to与must都意为“必须”，作must作为情态动词无时态以及人称和数的变化，而have (got) to 则有。Have (got) to表示客观需要，must则表示主观看法。另外，表示“不必用dont have to, haven t got to,needn t,不能用mustn t。mustn t表示一定不能”的绝对禁止含义。concern vt.涉及，关系到，参与；使粗心，使担心 n.关心；关注;（厉害）关系concern oneself with/in 从事（参与，干

5、涉）concern oneself about/for 因为担忧 （关心） 某人as/so far as be concerned 就而言as concerns 关于（=concerning ）feel/show concern about/for 担心（关心，挂念） be concerned with 与有关be concerned about/for关心cheat sb.（out） of sth.骗取某人的某物cheat sb. into the belief that 骗某人相信cheat sb. into doing sth.9. for a/an reason the reason

6、for骗某人做某事因为一个的原因reason + why/that the reason is +that the reason for sth.the cause of sth.the excuse for sth.的理由，的原因引导的定语从句引导的表语从句某事的理由某事的起因某事的托词/借口crazy疯狂的；着迷的be crazy to do sth.（某人）做某事是疯狂的be crazy on/about doing sth. 对做某事狂热be crazy for sth. 渴望某物be crazy for sb. 迷恋某人be crazy with 因而发疯drive sb. mad/

7、crazy 使某人发疯crazinessn.狂热，疯狂crazily adv.疯狂地like crazy （口语）发狂似的make a list （of） 造表take off the list 从表上去掉stand first on the list居首位,名列前茅v.把排列成表；列举go through穿过，通过翻找，搜寻通过，成功审阅，检查（5）经历（困难，痛苦等）hide away（1）躲藏，隐匿；（2）藏，隐藏a series of 一系列的；一连串的；一套（丛书,邮票等）point n.要点，点,论点，小数点，问题点，（时间）点，地点，特点, 点（端），意义，得分v.指示，指着，对

8、着，削尖 point at/ to sb. /sth. 指着某人（某事物）的位置或方向以某物瞄准或对着某人Point sth. At/towards sb./sth.Point out 指出Be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事There is no point (in) doing没有必要(意义)做 To the point 中肯的，得要领的Off the point 离题的Point of view 观点，着眼点face to face 面对面地face-to-face 面对面的heart to heart 坦诚地shoulder to shoulder肩并肩

9、地back to back 背靠背地hand in hand 手拉手地arm in arm 臂挽臂地side by side 并排地；并肩地step by step 逐步地on purpose 故意； 有意地for the purpose目的能否实现还不知道；with the purpose of表示 目 的能实现in order to do sth. 目的是,以便,为了In order not to do sth.(否定形式)to, in order to, so as to :三者后接动词原形，作目的状语的用法一致，但so asto不可用于居首引导目的状语，只可用于句中。dare vt.意

10、为“敢，胆敢，敢于面对 aux.意为“敢，胆敢”。常用于否定句, 疑问句或条件从句中。作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态变化，后接动词原形作行为动词时后接to do ,否定句，疑问句中to可以省略set about (doing) sth. 着手(做)某事Set off动身；出发；引爆，燃放Set out出发；着手做Set up竖起；创设，开办Set forward 提出；拨快(钟表)get +宾语+现在分词一一让 一直做某事get +宾语+动词不定式让 做某事get +宾语+形容词/副词一一让 处于某种状态get +宾语+介词短语一一让 做某事；让处于某种状态pay for为付款pa

11、y sb. for为付款给某人pay money for 为付款pay sb. money for =pay money to sb. for 为付款给某人pay sb. money to do sth.付款让某人做某事It (This) is/was the first (second, third)time that sb. have/had donesth.某人第一(二，三 )次做某事。That引导的从句中的时态需用完成时态。It is/was + +that/who +其他成分的强调句型强调主语：it was I that/who met Li Ming at the railway

12、stationyesterday.强调宾语：it was Li Ming that/who I met at the railway stationyesterday.强调地点状语：it was at the railway station that I met Li Mingyesterday.强调时间状语：it was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.happen to do 碰巧，恰好做(某事)It s no use/good/need doing sth.It not any use/good/need doing

13、 sth.做某事没有用处/好处/必要It s of little use/good/need doing sth.suffer from sth. 苦于； 患病suffering苦ftc.n.苦难，常用旻数(1) find +宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语(2)日nd +宾语+现在分词(宾语与现在分词所表示的动作之间是主谓关系，表示动作的进行或持续)(3)日nd +宾语+过去分词(过去分词所表示的动作与宾语之间时动宾关系，表示动作的被动，完成)find +宾语+名词(5 )如果变成被动语态，那么宾语就变成了主语，宾补变成了主补。He was found cheating in the exami

14、nation.(6 )在find it + adj. +to do sth. 中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动 词不定式(短语)。(1) with +名词(代词)+形容词She used to sleep with the windows open.with +名词(代词)+副词With Mr. Smith away, we ve got more room.with +名词(代词)+介词短语The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm.with +名词(代词)+动词不定式With all this work t

15、o do, I dont know if I ll have time to go out.with +名词(代词)+现在分词In some parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.with +名词(代词)+过去分词The murderers was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.with +名词(代词)+名词He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.get along/on w

16、ithfall in love / be in love(with sb.)give/send sb. one s loveJ某人致(爱)意give /offer advice to sb.ask sb. for advicefollow /take (act on) sb s adviceadvice on/aboutadvise ab. against劝告某人不要advise sb. to do sth.advise sb. that sb. (should) doadvise sb. on advise doingmake an effortmake every effort to do

17、 sth. / at doing sth.make great effortswithout effort毫不费力地，轻松地spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事effortless adj.不需要努力的before强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前，意为“不等在 It +be+寸间段+before从句”中，意为“之后才”在 It +be的否定形式+ long + before 从句”中，意为“不久就”在特定的情境中，意为“趁着”make oneself done 使自己被Would you please make yourself known to us?make

18、sb./sth. do sth.make+名词+名词“使称为”make+名词+形容词”使怎么样”should(n t) have done本(不)应该做而实际上没有(已)做must have done 准是已经做过(推测)can t/couldn t have done可能做过may/might have done 或许已经做过could have done 本来可以做(却未做)would have done 本来要做(却没有做)needn t have done本来没必要做(却做了)ought to have done (二should have done)本应该做而实际上没有做have s

19、th. to do with与有关have nothing to do with.与没有关系have a lot to do with 与有很大关系现在进行时表示将来时：arrive, come, go , get, have, leave, return, sleep, stay, start, travel, work, play, wear, give, move 等。符合形容词的常见结构：adj. +n. +edmiddle-aged warm-heartedadj. + doinggood-lookingeasy-goingadv. +doinghard-workingwell-me

20、aning(善意的)n. +doingpeace-lovingn. +doneman-madeadv. +donewell-educatedn. +adj.snow-whitenum.+n.+adj.English-speakingheart-left (由衷的)newly-builtlife-longtwelve-year-oldnum.+n.+edthree-leggedone-eyednum.+n.ten-speedsecond-handdo with(1)表示“与.有关,和有业务关系”，常用结构；haveto do with be to do with.例：Her job is to do with telephones.Have sth. to do withHave nothing to do with与有关与没有关系Have a lot to