薪酬管理工具和技术应用分析英文版

1、薪酬管理工具和技术应用分析英文版Salary Review GuidelinesGuidelines on rates of progression managers are helped to plan salary progression by being given an indication of the number of years it should take staff at different levels of performance to reach the top of the grade and, in zones of salary range, the limit

2、s within the range which can be reach according to their performance. AssessmentLimit In Grade Typical Length Learning zone1 to 3 years 2 yearsPerforming zone4 to 6 years 5 years Exceeding zone2 to 4 years 3 years -Salary ProblemsAbsorbing market rates pressures arises when general and individual sa

3、lary reviews have not enabled the companys salary levels to keep pace with increase in market rates. it is exacerbated if the company is expanding and is compelled to obtain key staff who are in short supply.Widening differentials differentials are widening between and within companies in the follow

4、ing areas:- between high-and low-paying organizations the variations in prosperity between differing sectors of industry and commerce and between regions are major contributors to this problems.- between companies paying bonuses or incentives and those paying straight salaries.Salary Problems- betwe

5、en top and middle management within companies this is partly incentive led - between executives recruited by search and those with a one-company career.Performance pay tend to favour the few whose results can be measured. merit-assessment are too often based on subjective and biased judgments. can b

6、e avoided only by intensive training of assessors and by careful monitoring of the appraisal scheme.Salary ProblemsStaff reaching the top of their salary league staff reaching the top of their salary range may feel demotivated if there are no prospects for promotion it is possible to deal with this

7、problem by introducing on top of the normal salary range a premium zone which is reserved for outstanding staff whose promotion is blocked.Starting salaries the problem of starting new staff at higher rates than existing employees should be minimized if internal salary levels are regularly reviewed

8、in comparison with market rates.Salary ProblemsDeteriorating job evaluation schemes the scheme may not have been controlled properly, so that grade drift occurs through unjustifiable upgradings. scheme may have lost credibility because it no longer gives acceptable solutions. administration may have

9、 become so bureaucratic that the time taken to produce answers is unduly prolonged. the solution is to make a determined effort to tighten controls and speed up administration, making only minor modifications to the scheme.Objectives of Performance-Related Pay (PRP)Motivate all employees, not just t

10、he high-flyers.Increase the commitment of employees by encouraging them to identify with its mission and values.Reinforce existing cultures and values to foster high levels of performance, innovation and teamwork.Help to change cultures where they need to become more performance- oriented and result

11、s-oriented; or where the adoption of other new and key values should be rewarded.Discriminate consistently and be equitable on the distribution of rewards to employees according to their performance results and contributions.Objectives of Performance-Related Pay (PRP)Deliver a positive message about

12、 performance expectations of the company focuses attention on key performance issues.Direct attention and endeavour by specifying the organizations performance goals and standards.Emphasize individual performance or teamwork as appropriate.Improve the recruitment and retention of high-quality staff.

13、PRP costs will be in line with company performance.Key Factors to Consider When Introducing PRPMatching the culturesuccessful PRP schemes need to match the culture and core values of the organization.Linking PRP to business strategythe focus needs to be on strategic business issues which emerge from

14、 the business planning process.Balancing quantitative and qualitative measureswhile most PRP schemes rely on quantitative measures of performance, qualitative factors need to be introduced for the measurement of individual behaviour eg balanced scorecardsThe need for flexibilityflexibility in making

15、 milestone payments which convey the right messages for the future.The need to promote teamworkthe importance of teamwork should be recognized in structuring the scheme and defining critical success factors and performance indicators.Key Factors to Consider When Introducing PRPThe need to avoid shor

16、t-term thinkingsetting long-term as well as short-term goals, and discussing short-term objectives in their overall context.Involvement in the design processdesigning PRP schemes should be an iterative process : trying and testing ideas on measures and structures with those who will eventually be in

17、volved in a scheme.Getting the message acrossall types of PRP are very powerful forms of communication. To get the right messages across for any scheme, one must make key decisions on the following:How can the scheme achieve the best possible launch?Is it better to give no pay-out rather than a low

18、pay-out?What is the best psychological moment for pay-out?What communications should be used to gain maximum motivational impact from payment?How should communications be handled when the scheme requires changes?Competence bandsExcellentGoodSatisfactoryPerformance LevelsPerformingLearningNew Entry P

19、rofessionalCompetent ProfessionalExperienced ProfessionalCompetence and Performance-Related Pay CurveSalary ($)ExceedingDirectly link individual performance with salary progression.Provide individualized progression rates.Recognize increasing competence gained through experience.Advantages of indivi

20、dual Merit Payment SchemeDisadvantages of Individual Merit Payment SchemeDependent on the quality of performance appraisal; which can be arbitrary, subjective or inconsistent.Unless carefully conceived and managed, it can demotivate people who, although not be delivering spectacular results are stil

21、l important.Merit payment, as distinct from bonuses, create extra payroll costs when benefits such as pensions are related to base pay.A merit payment is, in effect, a permanent increase in salary, yet the quality of performance in future years may not justify this payment.Merit pay can result in an

22、 upward drift in payroll costs without a commensurate improvement in performance.Merit pay is effective as a motivator only if rewards are clearly related to performance and are of a significant value.Sales Incentive PlanBusiness ObjectivesMarketing StrategySales Strategy & Coverage ModelSales Job D

23、efinitionQuota and CreditingCompensation Plan DesignSales Plan ImplementationThe Sales PlanTotal Compensation ArchitectureBase Salary/Fixed PayVariableFixedTarget SalesIncentive for Quota AchievementProfitSharingRecognitionAccelerated Incentives for Quota Over-achievementTotal PotentialRewardsPerfor

24、mance$ EarningsFAT/MBOStockOptions*Selective use based on position and performance, competency and future growth potentialAbove quotaachievement+=Incentive Schemes For Sales Staff Where it is felt that sales staff need to be motivated by an incentive commission scheme the majority of companies find

25、that the best approach is a basic commission on sales volume or, in more sophisticated firms, on the contribution to fixed costs and profits of the sales of each product group or product. The standard commission is typically set at about one-third of salary to provide a noticeable incentive without

26、adversely affecting feelings of security. A successful sales commission plan should satisfy all the criteria listed above for bonus schemes. But it is particularly necessary to ensure the following:Incentive Schemes For Sales Staff A) The reward is fair in relation to the efforts of the sales repres

27、entative. This means that attention has to be paid to setting and agreeing realistic and equitable targets, making allowances for special circumstances outside the control of the sales representative which might affect sales, and splitting commission fairly when more than one person has contributed

28、to the sale; B) The scheme directs sales effort in accordance with managements policy on the product mix and does not encourage the representative to concentrate on what is easiest to sell; C) The scheme does not encourage high pressure selling which results in an unacceptable level of returns, canc

29、ellations and complaints; D) The scheme does not encourage representatives to neglect their indirect selling activities, such as servicing customers. Criteria for Success of Incentive Scheme It should be appropriate to the type of work carried out and the workers employed.The reward should be clearl

30、y and closely linked to the effort of the individual or group.Individuals or groups should be able to calculate the reward they get at each of the level of output they are capable of achieving.Individuals or groups should have a reasonable amount of control over their efforts and therefore their rew

31、ards.The scheme should operate by means of a defined and easily understood formula.The scheme should be properly installed and maintained.Provision should be made for controlling the amounts paid to ensure that they are proportionate to effort.Provision should be made for amending rates in defined c

32、ircumstances.Individual Incentive SchemesStraight piece-work payment of a uniform price per unit of production. can be expressed in two main forms:- money piecework- time pieceworkDifferential piecework the wage cost per unit is adjusted in relation to output.Individual Incentive SchemesMeasured day

33、work the pay of employees is fixed on the understanding that they will maintain a specified level of performance, but the pay does not fluctuate in the short term with their performance. the criteria for success in operating it are the following:total commitment of management, employees and unions.a

34、n effective work measurement system, and efficient production planning and control and inventory control procedures.the establishment of a logical pay structure with appropriate differentials from the beginning of the schemes operation.the maintenance of good control systems to ensure that correctiv

35、e action is taken quickly if there are any shortfall on targets.Group Incentive SchemeProvide for the payment of a bonus either equally or proportionately to individuals within a group or team.Bonus is related to the output achieved over an agreed standard or to the time saved on a job.Group bonus s

36、cheme are in some respects equivalent to individual incentive schemes.It encourages team spirit, breaks down demarcation lines, and enables the group to discipline itself in achieving targets.Potential disadvantages are that management is less in control of production the group decides what earnings

37、 are to be achieved and can restrict output.Designing an Incentive SchemeHow performance will be measured.The employees who will take part in the scheme and who will therefore have part of their pay directly linked to their own performance or group.The employees who will not take part in the scheme

38、and how they will be compensated.Whether or not the scheme will be an individual one or one linked to group performance or related to plant performance.Whether the bonus payments will be related to basic pay.The proportion of pay which can be earned as bonus.Designing an Incentive SchemeThe full bas

39、ic rate.The relationship between output/effort and reward, eg the extent to which, if at all, there is a differential built into the scheme which shares the results of higher productivity between the company and the workers.The basis upon which employees not earning bonuses will be paid.The timings

40、of bonus payments and the lapse of time before payments are made.The arrangements, if any, to alleviate the problems of large fluctuations in bonus payments.The methods to be used to maintain the scheme and to inform employees of their earningsAims of Bonus SchemesThe principal aim of a bonus scheme

41、 is to provide an incentive and a reward for effort and achievement. Executive bonus schemes linked to company profits can also aim to make senior managers feel that their personal prosperity is linked to the performance of their company or unit.Bonus schemes are supplementary to basic salary and ar

42、e most appropriate where they apply to entrepreneurial types such as chief executives, marketing men and sales staff who, it is assumed, will strive for material reward, and whose results upon which their bonus depends can be clearly linked to their personal efforts and achievements.Bonus Schemes Cr

43、iteriaThe amount of the award received after tax should be sufficiently high to encourage staff to accept exacting targets and standards of performance. Standard bonuses should not be less than 10% of the basic salary and, if an effective incentive is wanted , the standard bonus should be around 20%

44、 to 30% of salaryThe incentive should be related to quantitative criteria over which the individual has a substantial measure of controlThe scheme should be sensitive enough to ensure that rewards are proportionate to achievementsThe individual should be able to calculate the reward he can get for a

45、 given level of achievement Bonus Schemes CriteriaThe formula for calculating the bonus and the conditions under which it is paid should be clearly defined Constraints should be built into the scheme which ensure that staff cannot receive inflated bonuses which may not reflect their own effortsThe s

46、cheme should contain provisions for a regular review, say, every two or three years, which could result in its being changed or discontinuedThe scheme should be easy to administer and understand, and it should be tailored to meet the requirements of the companyExecutive Bonus Schemes There are innum

47、erable formulae for executive bonus schemes, and each company must adopt one which suits its own circumstances. The simplest formula is for a percentage out of net profits before tax to be paid Pro- Rata to the executives basic salary. In some schemes, dividend payments and provisions for reserves a

48、re deducted from net profits before the distribution of bonuses and there is usually an upper limit to the amount of bonus that can be paid. These schemes are crude but provide a direct incentive as long as results are directly influenced by the actions of the executives in the scheme. They can get out of hand unless an upper limit is strictly applied, and their emphasis on profits may make some executives seek short term gains at the expense of the longer term development of the company.Executive Bon