高考英语复习备考：高考英语常考主题语境---自然

1、高考英语复习备考：高考英语常考主题语境一自然素养解读生命起源于自然，因此，万物应与自然和谐统一。在人类生命活动中，热爱大自然、 探索自然界的奥秘、保护大自然等都是我们永恒的主题。学会了珍爱自然，也就学会了珍 爱我们人类自己。“自然”是高中新课程标准主题之一。课标及考纲中的“自然”是人与自然的和谐相处，人 在自然界的生存、动植物保护、生态保护，自然灾害等方面。这些话题与学生的生活息息 相关，联系密切。“自然”是历年高考英语的常考主题。就历年高考英语书面表达而言，“自然”主要包括环 境破坏、生态保护、自然灾害等话题。关于这一主题的写作常有以下几种命题方式：.介绍飓风的基本知识。.介绍台风的基本知识

2、。.介绍某次大地震或水灾的破坏、影响等。.濒危动物的现状及呼吁人们关注濒危动物。.人与自然和谐相处话题。.全球变暖问题。语库构建语境串记A horrible earthquakeDirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake. 1.no one judged that an earthquake was coming. Suddenly, everything shook. It seemed as if the world was 2.an end. 3.(million) of brick houses and a nu

3、mber of dams were destroyed. Railway tracks became 4. (use) bars. Pipes in mines burst and let out 5. (smell) steam. Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.When the lava reached the sea, there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could （淹没） half the island.Only the female （蚊子） can suck bl

4、ood and transmit malaria.The lack of （对环境友好的）habits among the public is thought to be a major cause of global climate change.It rained heavily in the south in the summer of 2016, （造成严重的 洪涝灾害）in several provinces.It seems that they are not worried at all about the fact that wild animals （endanger）.In

5、 spite of all this, immediately the government （号召）the whole nation to support the places hit by the worst disaster.It （从来没想至U） to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.We should （和谐相处） animals, creating a pleasant ecological environment.Well have nowhere to live in the futu

6、re unless we （采取措施）to protect the earth now.Deserts are also created because people （砍伐）trees and dig up grass.（三）核心句型表达根据要求翻译下列句子。.自然灾害总是不期而至，造成大量人员伤亡，毁坏无数的房屋。译法一：（现在分词作结果状语）译法二：（非限制性定语从句）.我们每个人都应该充分利用水资源，比如在日常生活中循环利用和节约用水。译法一：（强调句型，强调主语）译法二：（主语从句）.只有这样我们才能够尽早战胜自然灾害。译法一：（强调句型，强调状语）译法二：(倒装句).为了让世界变得

7、更好，我们应该遵守生态准则，保护环境。译法一：(in order to 句型)译法二：(so that句型)主题测评知识维度诊断评价I.单句填空They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside (exact) where it was.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, (cause) about 80 deaths and 1, 500 injuries.Last year a terrible flood broke out in the south

8、of China, causing great loss the people there.Tornadoes can cause much (destroy).The (bad) tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states.When hurricanes come, there are violent winds of 120 kilometers per hour or more, cause bad weather.That is the only way we can imagine (reduce)

9、the overuse of water in students* bathrooms.Lets work together and do we can to make the earth a better place tolive in.Everyone should take the (responsible) to protect the environment.Nowadays, natural disasters have been more widespread and more frequent, becoming increasing threat to development

10、.With more and more trees cut down, the balance of nature(damage) , which has caused many wild animals and plants in danger of extinction.Besides, our government should devote every effort to (protect) wildlife, preventing the endangered animals from being killed.The whole city lay in(ruin) after th

11、e earthquake, which made them lie awake all night.We should also repay nature, rather than (blind) consume.Due to excessive population growth, human beings require much more natural resources than before, which (lead) to excessive pressure on nature.On average, all kinds of natural disasters take pl

12、ace every year and even some are beyond peoples (expect).Two people were buried in the buildings, but(fortunate) enough, they were rescued in time.There is a possibility experienced experts will be able to forecastsome terrible natural disasters accurately in the future.In Copenhagen Climate Confere

13、nce, rich countries promised to set a fund of $100 billion by 2020 to help developing countries.The WWF (found) in the UK in 1961 and opened an international office in Switzerland in the same year.II.单句改错They found the remain of the buildings buried under the sand.About 400 earthquakes occur worldwi

14、de every day, more than a hundred thousands in a year.The typhoon brought the worst flooding in 50 years to southern Taiwan, killed more than 460 people with scores of people injured or missing.In this activity, students have raised their aware of environmental protection.Its high time that we arous

15、e peoples awareness of wildlife protection.Furthermore, effective measures should taken to protect rare wildlife, including punishing the hunters severely.We often say that the earth is our homeland and human society comes from the nature.For the long-term develop, the population growth must be cont

16、rolled.We all come from nature which is our home? -land, so we must try our best to protect them.Yesterday a violent hurricane hit the area, which caused a lot of damages to the buildings and cars.III.语篇填空选用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整。What should you do when an earthquake occurs? Here are some tips for you.

17、When walking outsideTake caution against falling objects, such as signs and 1.windows. Tools and construction materials can fall down at a construction site. Protect your head with your bag or coat and keep at a distance from tall buildings. Stone walls and pillars can also fall down and are potenti

18、ally dangerous.When driving a carFirmly hold the steering wheel, 2.reduce speed, park your car on the side of the road, and stop the engine. Listen to information on the radio and find out what 3. If you need to evacuate （撤出），leave your keys, keep the doors 4. ， and walk away with your car documents

19、 and valuables.When underground or in a subwayThe shaking you feel when you are underground is about half of what you would experience over ground. Additionally, underground areas have strong structures and are 5.than high-rise buildings.Calmly evacuate, 6.instructions from shop clerks and subway st

20、aff.When in a high-rise buildingElevators with earthquake sensors will stop at the nearest floor. Immediately leave the elevator. If you get 7.in the elevator, use the intercom 8.someone outside and wait for rescue. When you evacuate from buildings, never use elevators, listen to9. ， and use the sta

21、irs to leave the building.When near the oceanHead for higher ground and carefully listen to tsunami information. Do not go near the ocean until tsunami warnings 10. Dont even think about going to watch tsunamis!自然答案语境串记1. But 2. at 3. Millions 4. useless5. smelly 6. an 7. suffering (s) 8. sincerely9

22、. frightened 10. was minimized写作词汇运用1. flood 2. mosquito (es)3. eco-friendly/environment-friendly 4. causing serious flooding 5. are endangered 6. called on 7. never occurred 8. live in harmony withtake action/steps/measures 10. cut down核心句型表达Natural disasters often come unexpectedly, killing millio

23、ns of people and destroying countless homes./Natural disasters often come unexpectedly, which kill millions of people and destroy countless homes.Its every one of us who should make good use of water, such as recycling and saving water in our daily life./lfs essential that every one of us should mak

24、e good use of water, such as recycling and saving water in our daily life.It is in this way that we can conquer the natural disasters as soon as possible./Only in this way can we conquer the natural disasters as soon as possible.In order to make our world a better place, it is necessary for us to fo

25、llow the environment-friendly rules and protect the environment./lt is necessary for us to follow the environment-friendly rules and protect the environment so that we can make our world a better place.知识维度诊断评价I.单句填空1. exactly 2. causing 3. to 4. destruction 5. worst 6. which 7. to reduce 8.what/wha

26、tever9. responsibility 10. an 11. has been damaged 12. protecting 13. ruins 14. blindly15. leads 16. expectation 17. fortunately18. that 19. up 20. was foundedII.单句改错1. remainremains 2. thousandsthousand3. k川ed一killing 4. aware一awareness5. arousearoused/should arouse 6. should 后力口 be 7.去掉 nature 前的

27、the8. developdevelopment 9. themit10. damages一damage语篇填空1. broken 2. gradually 3. is happening4. unlocked 5. safer 6. following 7. stuck8. to contact 9. announcements 10. havebeen clearedThe next day, this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers. With the reporters giving 6.outline of

28、 the disaster, the whole nation was shocked by the damage and the victims extreme 7.(suffer) . People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying Congratulations! You survived! ”. So they not only expressed their sympathy 8. (sincere) , but also organized together to

29、help the victims right away. The injured were rescued and the dead were buried. The 9.(frighten) survivors were dug out from under the ruins and were offered shelter, fresh water and electricity. Thanks to peoples help, the loss 10. (minimize).可怕的地震地震前，水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来。但是没人判断出地震即将来临。突然，一 切都在摇晃，似乎整个世界就

30、要结束。数以百万的病房和许多水坝遭到破坏;铁路轨道都变 成无用的铁条;煤矿管道纷纷爆裂，发出有臭味的蒸汽;到处都有骑车的人陷在巨大的裂缝里。第二天，所有报纸都纷纷以大字标题或主要标题报道了这一事件。记者们描述了灾难 的大概情况，全国都被地震的破坏和灾民们极度的苦难所震惊。当人们读到幸存者以“恭喜 啊，你还活着！ ”来互相安慰时，都被感动了。人们不仅衷心地表达了他们的同情，而且还 立刻组织起来帮助灾民。伤员被救助了，死者被埋葬了，吓坏的幸存者被从废墟中挖出来 了，栖身处、净水和电力也很快得到供应。多亏了人们的帮助，灾区的损失被减到了最小。素材积累(一)阅读词汇整合动物及其相关表达：horse 马

31、bull公牛cow母牛;奶牛pig 猪sheep羊;绵羊goat山羊lamb羔羊;小羊zebra 斑马deer 鹿giraffe 长颈鹿camel 骆驼elephant 象cat 猫lion 狮子tiger 虎dog 犬;狗fox 狐wolf 狼bear 熊rabbit 兔rat 鼠mouse老鼠;耗子monkey 猴子kangaroo 袋鼠whale 鲸dolphin 海豚eagle 雕hen母鸡chicken 鸡parrot 鹦鹉snake 蛇frog 蛙fish 鱼butterfly 蝴蝶mosquito 蚊子insect 昆虫tail 尾巴nest 巢;窝claw 爪zoo动物园win

32、g翼;翅膀beef 牛肉pork 猪肉feather 羽毛fur毛;毛皮wildlife野生动植物punish the hunters severely 严惩捕猎者live in harmony with animals 舆动物和谐相处devote oneself to protecting wildlife 致力于保护野生动植物become extinct/die out 灭绝protect the endangered animals from being killed 保护濒临灭绝的动物不被杀害arouse peoples awareness of wildlife protection

33、 唤醒人们保护野生动植物的意识take effective measures to protect rare animals 采取有效措施保护珍稀动物植物及其相关表达：rose蔷薇;玫瑰pea豌豆apple 苹果pear 梨orange橙子;柑橘pine松树bamboo 竹cabbage 卷心菜carrot胡萝卜onion 洋葱pumpkin 南瓜potato马铃薯;土豆tomato番茄;西红柿wheat 小麦watermelon 西瓜banana 香蕉cherry 樱桃coconut 椰子grape 葡萄mango 芒果nut坚果bean 豆root 根seed 种子leaf 叶fruit

34、果实flower 花;花朵trunk 树干branch 树枝wood 木材juice 果汁plant trees 植树cut down trees 砍伐树木动植物描述：gentle驯服的;温顺的fierce残忍的;凶猛的violent暴力的cute聪明的;伶俐的pretty漂亮的cold-blooded 冷血的aggressive侵略的;好斗的lazy懒惰的thin瘦的high 高的juicy多汁的gorgeous极好的;漂亮的fresh新鲜的reproductive 繁殖的地形、地貌：plain 平原plateau 高原hill小山mountain 山岳river 河;江lake 湖stre

35、am小河;小溪land陆地ocean/sea 洋/大海waterfall 瀑布gulf 海湾island 岛;岛屿自然资源：l.oil石油coal 煤water 水air空气;大气soil 土壤gas气体;煤气sunshine阳光;日光oxygen 氧metal 金属iron 铁keep ecological balance/keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡break ecological balance/damage the balance of nature 破坏生态平衡create a pleasant ecological environment 仓U造良好的生态环境天气：sunny阳光照耀的rainy下雨的;多雨的windy有风的;多风的cloudy阴天的;阴云密布的stormy有暴