高中英语生词巧解Module3Music学案新人教版必修

1、生词巧解 【词析】 音析:字母u读/,字母c读/。形析:music(音乐)+-ian(名次后缀)义析:one who composes,conducts,or performs music,especially instrumental music【典句】 My greatest wish is to be a musician when I grow up.我最大的愿望就是长大后成为一名音乐家。【拓展】 1)musician是可数名词。2)词根:music n. 音乐3)同根词:musical adj. 音乐的;musically adv. 音乐上 【词析】 音析:字母g读/,字母e读/。形

2、析:形近词generous(慷慨的,大方的)义析:a person of extraordinary intellect and talent【典句】 Qi Baishis genius is obvious in his paintings.齐白石的天才在他的画中是显而易见的。She has a genius for mathematics.她在数学方面有天赋。【拓展】 1)genius作为“天才”讲时是不可数名词。2)genius作为“有天才的人(天才)”讲时是可数名词。如:Einstein was a great scientific genius.爱因斯坦是一个伟大的科学天才。3)ge

3、nius作为“特点,风格”讲时是不可数名词。如:The genius of our language is its use of short words.我们语言的特点是一些短词的使用。4)have a genius for sth.有的天赋。如:My brother has a wonderful genius for painting.我的弟弟有着很好的绘画天赋。 【词析】 音析:字母组合o读/,字母s读/。形析:形近词rose(玫瑰)义析:to cause or result in the loss of【典句】 Carls father lost his job as result o

4、f dispute.由于争吵,卡尔的父亲丢了工作。【拓展】 1)lose还有“失败,损失”等含义。如:Yesterday they lost the game.昨天他们输了比赛。We will lose nothing by waiting.我们等待也损失不了什么。2)含有lose的短语归纳:lose face 丢面子,丢脸;lose ones life 丧生;lose heart 灰心,泄气;lose no time(in) 立刻;lose ones heart爱上;lose sight of看不见了;lose oneself in迷上,陷入;lose touch with和失去联系;los

5、e weight减轻体重3)派生词:loss n. 丢失,损失;lost adj. 失去的,丢失的4)过去式是lost;过去分词是lost;现在分词是losing。【词析】 音析:字母组合ea读/,字母s读/。形析:形近词present(礼物)义析:to decrease;to bring down,as in extent,amount,or degree 【典句】 The idea was supported by landless peasants.这个想法得到无地的农民们的支持。【拓展】 peasant作为“农民”讲时,多指发展中国家少地的农民。【辨析】 请认真掌握farmer和pea

6、sant的不同:farmer 在国外是指拥有农庄的农场主,一般比较富裕。peasant指一般的农民,是比较符合中国国情的翻译。【词析】 音析:第一个字母o读/,第二个字母o读/。形析:形近词compass(罗盘,指南针,圆规) 义析:to create or produce(a literary or musical piece)【典句】 He spent his spare time composing poetry.他的业余时间用来创作诗歌。【拓展】 1)compose的派生词:composer n. 作家,作曲家;composition n. 作曲,写作2)含有compose的短语归纳:

7、compose music 作曲be composed of 由组成compose oneself 镇静;安心【词析】 音析:字母n读/,字母c读/。形析:in(在里)+fluence(影响)义析:to produce an effect on 【典句】 The moon influences the tides.月亮对潮汐有影响。The weather in summer influences the rice crops.夏季的天气影响稻谷的收成。【拓展】 1)influence也可作名词“影响”讲。&影响,感化(常与on/upon连用)。如:The book had a great in

8、fluence on his life.这本书对他的人生影响很大。It was through his influence that she became interested in American culture.正是由于他的影响,她对美国的文化遗产感兴趣了。影响力;威望(常与over/with连用)。如：He has no influence over his children.他对子女没有影响力。给予影响的事物/人。如：Environment is a great influence on character.环境对性格有很大的影响。2)含有influence的短语归纳:influen

9、ce sb.to do sth.促使某人做某事;strengthen influence加强影响力;exercise influence on 给施加影响力【辨析】 请认真掌握influence,affect和impress的不同这三个动词均含“影响”之意,具体的区别为:influence v.&n. 侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响,也可指自然力的影响。如：My parents considered my friend to be a bad influence on me.我父母认为我的朋友对我有不良影响。My teachers influence made me stu

10、dy science at college.由于我老师的影响,我大学学了理科。affect vt. 主语通常是物而不是人,指一物对另一物产生的消极影响。如：Inflation affects the buying power of the dollar.通货膨胀影响美元的购买能力。Smoking affects health.吸烟影响健康。impress vt. 强调影响既深刻又持久。如：The Tibetan landscape particularly impressed him.西藏的风光给他留下了非同寻常的印象。【词析】 音析:字母e读/I/,字母组合or读/。形析:re+cord(绳

11、索)义析:to register the words,sound,appearance,or performance of by such means 【典句】 I used a recorder to record what he said.我用录音机把他说的话录了下来。You should record all your expenses during your trip.你应该记录下一路上的所有开支。【拓展】 1)record在本课中作的是及物动词,但它还可以作名词,意思为“履历;诉状;最高记录;唱片”。如:The doctor keeps a record of all the ser

12、ious illnesses in the village.这个医生保存了这个村庄所有严重疾病的记录。She made a world record in weightlifting.她创造了一项世界举重记录。2)派生词:recordable adj. 可记录的;recordation n.记载,记录3)含有record的短语归纳:a matter of record 记录在案的东西;keep a record 把记录下来;break a record打破记录;on record有记录【词析】 音析:字母i读/I/,字母x读/。形析:形近词fix(固定)义析:to combine or ble

13、nd into one mass or mixture【典句】 Oil and water will not mix.油和水不相溶合。【拓展】 1)mix还可以作不及物动词,如:He does not mix well at parties.他在晚会上不太合群。2)含有mix的短语归纳:mix up使弄不清，使混乱，混淆;mix with和混合3)派生词:mixture n. 混合物;mixtion n. 调料be impressed with 留下深刻印象【词析】 形析:be(是)+impressed(留下印象)+with(关于)义析:to make a deep impression on

14、【典句】 I was deeply impressed with his speech.他的演说给我留下了深刻印象。【拓展】 1)be impressed with中的介词也可以换成at或by。2)含有impress的短语还有:impress sth.+on/upon.印下;impress sb.with sth.使某人铭记如:Her words impressed themselves on my memory.她的话使我铭记在心。My father impressed me with the importance of work.=My father impressed on me the

15、 importance of work.父亲要我铭记工作的重要性。split up分裂;分割【词析】 形析:split(使裂开)+up(向上)义析:divide from end to end or along the grain by or as if by a sharp blow【典句】 The Party split up into three small groups.该党分裂成三个小派别。My parents split up last year.我父母去离婚了。【拓展】 1)split up既可以作及物动词短语,也可以作不及物动词短语。如:The boys agreed to s

16、plit up the money.这些男孩们同意把钱分开。2)含有split的短语归纳:split away/off 脱落下来,分裂出去;split on sb.(to sb.)(向)告发，揭发;split with 和分开(离婚)轻轻告诉你Custom is second nature.习惯是第二天性。/ 习惯成自然。make a note of记录【典句】 The secretary made a note of what her boss had asked her to do.秘书把老板要她做的事记下来了。【拓展】 1)make notes=make a note 记下;记录。如:We should learn to make notes while reading.读书时我们应学会做笔记。2)make a note of还有“注意,记住”的含义。如:Well make a note of your suggestions.我们会记住你的建议的。3)含有note的短语归纳:compare notes 交换意见;make a note to do sth.记住做某事;take note of记住,提到;take notes of记下as well 也【词析】 形析:as(同样地)+well(好)义析:also;too 【典句】 I like John