主谓一致丁建丽

1、 主谓一致 濮阳市第四中学丁建丽主谓一致可以分为三类，见下表： 语法 一致(1) and, both and 连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。注意：如果and连接的两个词是指同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。(2) 在“主语+ with / together with/ as well as /including，except ，rather than, 谓语动词形式与这些短语之前的主语在人称和数上保持一致；(3) 不可数名词、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)、从句等作主语时谓语动词用单数;and连接的两个单数名词均受 each, every, no, many a等词修饰时谓语动词用单数.

2、(4) kind of/ type of/ sort of/ pair of/ piece of 等作主语时,谓动词与kind/pair/type/sort保持一致;成双成对出现的复数名词glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数；但前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词一致。 意义 一致(1) 表时间、金钱、距离、重量数目等名词作主语时，被看作一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。(2) people，police，cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；family，clas

3、s，group，team，army, club, government, 等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指具体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。(3) “the + adj.”指一类人作主语时，“the +old /young /rich /poor 谓用复数。(4) 以“-ics”结尾学科名词，指教科研某一学科；politics,physics,maths, news 用单数（5）表示“某某一家人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。即the + 姓的复数。 就近 一致(1) “there be”句型中，当be动词后面的名词不止一个时，be动词的人称和数一般与其最近的名词的人称和数保

4、持一致。(2) not only but also ，either.or./ ，neither.nor./， whether.or./ not.，等连接并列主语时等连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与最近名词或代词一致。主谓一致语法精析英语的一致关系中的其中一条就是要求句子的谓语动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是主谓一致。主谓一致要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。一、语法一致原则 主谓语法一致是指谓语动词与主语在单复数形式上保持一致。1. 在下列情况下，谓语动词通常用单数形式：(1) 不可数名词、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)、从句等作主语时；(2) and连

5、接的两个名词表示一个整体、同一种事物或同一人时；(3) and连接的两个单数名词均受 each, every, no, many a等词修饰时；(4) 代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合不定代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时。2. 在下列情况下要视具体情况而定：(1) 主语后接with, together with, as well as, rather than, including, except等引导的短语时，谓语动词形式与这些短语之前的主语在人称和数上保持一致；(2) 当kind of/ pair of/ type of/ sort

6、of等作主语时，谓语动词与kind/pair/type/sort保持一致；(3) 当“分数或百分数+ of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of 后面的名词保持一致。二、意义一致原则主语和谓语在意义上的一致是指根据句意谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。1. 在下列情况下，谓语动词通常用单数形式：(1) 表示“时间、距离、金钱、重量”等复数名词作主语，被看作一个整体时；(2) 当army, club, family, government, class, team等集体名词作主语，表示整体时；(3) 以“-ics”结尾的学科名词，指教育、科研的某一学科；(4) 复数名词用作书、电影、戏剧、报刊、

7、国家等名称时。2. 在下列情况下，谓语动词通常用复数形式：(1) 当“the + adj.”指一类人作主语时；(2) 当army, club, family, government, class, team等集体名词作主语，强调集体中的个体时；(3) 有些集合名词，如people, police, cattle等形式上是单数，但往往用作复数。三、就近一致原则就近一致是指谓语动词与最靠近它的名词、代词在人称和数上保持一致。1. 在there be句型中或以here开头的句子中，be动词应与后面的名词保持一致，当后面的名词不止一个时，be动词应和其最靠近的名词的人称和数保持一致；2. either

8、.or./ neither.nor./ whether.or./ not.but./ not only.but also.等连接并列主语时，谓语同邻近的主语一致。小试身手. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Reading aloud (be) very important in learning English. 2. Whether well go (depend) on the weather.3.Both industry and agriculture (have) been greatly developed these years.4. The writer and teacher

9、 (be) speaking at the meeting.5. Every boy and every girl (have) the right to receive education.6. The population of the earth (be) increasing every year.7. Politics (be) a complicated subject.8. There (be) a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk9. Not only the students but also the teacher (w

10、ant) to go climbing.10. More than twenty students (be) playing football in the playground单项选择：( ) 1.The teacher and writer tomorrow.A. has arrivedB. have arrived C. is arriving D. are arriving( ) 2.Look! Mrs Yang with two new students towards the classroom. A. is walkingB. are walking C. walks D. wa

11、lk( ) 3.How time flies! Two months really a short time. A. Is B. areC. was D. were( ) 4.The rest of the eggs gone bad. Youd better throw them away.A. is B. are C. has D. have( ) 5.Not only the students but also the teacher against the plan.A. are B. is C. do D. does. 单项填空。 1. Look! There playing wit

12、h the tourists on Dahe Square.A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deersC. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers 2. The injured in the earthquake good care of by some medical teams.A. is taken B. are being taken C. are taking D. is being taken 3. My friend and classmate Paul motorcycles

13、in his spare time.A. race B. racesC. is racedD. is racing 4. The factory, including its machines and buildings, burnt last night.A. is B. are C. were D. was 5. Her family much larger than mine. Her family singing and dancing when I came in last night. A. are; wasB. is; wereC. is; was D. are; were201

14、0湖北省黄冈市-David has been away for more than 25 days. -I miss him very much.You know ,25 days _short.A.is B.isnt C.are D.arent（2010湖北省十堰市，39，1）Climbing hills _of great help to our health.A.was B.were C.is D.are（2010山东省莱芜市，22，1）Yao Ming works hard on his English and _Aso Liu Xiang does Bso is Liu Xiang

15、Cso does Liu Xiang Dso Liu Xiang is（2010福建省福州市，35，1）-Leo,_no milk or eggs in the fridge.-Oh,Ill go and buy some right away.A.it is B.there is C.there are（2010北京市，The reading room _ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there.A. am B. is C. are D. be（2010北京市，27，1）-_ you turn down your radio, please? -Yes

16、, I can.A. May B. Need C. Must D. Can（2010广西省定西市，四，1）( )2.There_some milk in the glass. A. is B. are C. be D. has实战练习，所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Half of the apples _(be) red. 2.A number of ancient buildings _ (be) destroyed in the war. 3.The number of the visitors _ (have) decreased this year. 4.My family _(be)

17、very poor when I was a little girl5.My family _(be) all looking forward for your coming. 6.When to leave _(be) not been decided. 7.Watching TV too much _(be) bad for your eyes.8.What he said and what he did _(be) always different last night . 9.The novelist and poet _(be) going to Europe next year.

18、10.The novelist and the poet_(be) going to Europe next year. 11.2 and 3 _5. 12.The Blacks _(enjoy) working in China. 13.every +.and every +.或each+and each +14.Every man and every woman _(be) busy at working. 15.Neither of us _(have) been abroad. 16.Neither answer _(be) wrong . 17.Somebody _(be)waiti

19、ng for you at the school gate. 18.A pair of scissors_(be) useful tool for a dressmaker. 19.Two pieces of paper _(be ) on the desk . 20.Maths_(be) my favorite subject. 21.The young _(like) listening to popular songs . 22.The Greens _(be)having lunch now. 23.Neither his parents nor Tom_(be) at home.24

20、.There _(be) a book and some pens on the desk. 25.There _(come) the bus. 26.I know the man who_(be) talking to my father. 27.It is Marys brother who_(be) injured in the car accident yesterday.28.What I want to say _(be) just “ Take care!”29.Most of the water here _(be) clean. 30.80% cotton _have) be

21、en sent to America.80% 31. Reading aloud (be) very important in learning English. 32. Whether well go (depend) on the weather.33.Both industry and agriculture (have) been greatly developed these years.34. The writer and teacher (be) speaking at the meeting.35. Every boy and every girl (have) the rig

22、ht to receive education.36. The population of the earth (be) increasing every year.37. Politics (be) a complicated subject.38. There (be) a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk39. Not only the students but also the teacher (want) to go climbing.40. More than twenty students (be) playing footb

23、all in the playground. 连词专练主将从现、主祈从现、主情从现：if，unless(除非、如果不），when，notuntil（不到.不）as soon as（一就.）and，but , so, or, Because , since, Before , after , while , as , until / till，in order to do（为了）, in order that （为了），both.and （两者都）, neither. nor（既不.也不）, either.or（或者.或者.） , not only.but also（不仅.而且.），地点状语从句

24、where，原因状语从句because，目的状语从句so that，结果状语从句so that和such.that （如此.以至于.+情态动词）, 比较状语从句as as（像.一样），not so.as.（不像.一样），让步状语从句though，although，even if，even though（即使.、尽管）。一、1. Ill write to you _ I get there. A. while B. before C. as soon as D. by2. He has lived in the city _ he came back from America . A. when

25、 B. before C. since D. after3. We wont leave here _ our teacher comes back. A. until B. since C. after D. as soon as4. I had to finish the picture _ my mother came back. A. until B. before C. after D. while5. John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as

26、 6.Youll be late _ you dont get up early tomorrow morning. A. if B. when C. before D. until7.If he _ on time, we will go without him A. doesnt come B. dont come C. didnt come8.If you _ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us.A. see ; goes B. will see; goes C. will see; will

27、go D. see; will go9. I didnt buy the dictionary yesterday _ my aunt would give me one. A. until B. because C. if D before10. - Why did you come to school late this morning?- _ I watched the football World Cup until 12 oclock last night. A. If B. Because C. Since D. Though11. Hurry up, Jack. We have

28、to get to the station before 11:45 _ I can catch the 12:00 train. A. since B. after C. as soon as D. so that12. His mother was _ busy _ she cant look after Tom. A. so, that B. such, that C. very , that D. too, to13.He was _ angry to hear the news that he couldnt say a word. A. so B. too C. very D. m

29、uch14. Kate went to school _ it rained heavily yesterday. A. though B. if C. but D. since15.The days are _ in our country. A. as warm as B. as warmer as C. warm than D. so warmer as 16. -Its 9 oclock now. I must go. -Its raining outside. Dont leave _ it stops. A. when B. since C. while D. until17. T

30、he children will climb the hill if it _ tomorrow. A. wont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt raining 18. Frank _ a film if hes free next Saturday. A. see B. saw C. has seen D. will see I二、1.【2012贵州贵阳】43. Teresa is _ nervous _ she cant talk in front of the class.A. such, that B. too, to C. so,

31、 that2.【安徽 - Whats your plan for the summer holidays? -Ill go to Beijing_ the school term ends. A. in order that B. so that C. as soon as D. even though3.【2012贵州安顺】17.I think _ not difficult _ English every morning A. that; keep reading Bits; keep reading C. that; to keep reading Dit; to keep readin

32、g4.【2012年福州市】40. Well go for a picnic if it _ this Sunday. - Wish you a lovely weekend. A. rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain5. There will be a flower show in the park_ we visited last week. A. who B. when C. what D. which 【2012年广东省】 6. If our government _attention to controlling food safety now, our

33、health _in danger. A. wont pay, is B. doesnt pay, is C. wont pay, will be D. doesnt pay, will be7.【2012黄冈】41. Excuse me, Could you wake me up when my friend_ here? Of course. we still dont know when your friend _ here. A. comes; will come B. comes；comes C. will come; comes D. will come； will come8.【

34、2012湖北黄冈】42. Do you have Jays CDs? Sorry, they are _. But well get some more next week because they _.A. sold well； are on sale B. sold out； sell well C. selling well; sell well D. for sale; sell well9.【 2012四川成都】46. I want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive. When he_, I will tell you. A. will arriv

35、e B. arrived C. arrives 10.【2012四川达州】24. I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine arent allowed to drive. If I you_, I would give up_ wine A. were; drinking B. am; drinking C. were; drink D. was; t o drink11._I was in he US, I made a lot of American friends. A. While B. Although C. Unless D.

36、Until12.【2012四川南充】25. What would happen if he _back home? A. go B. goes C. went13.【2012四川雅安市】9. If a polar bear_, it _fish from the water. A. will be hungry; catches B. is hungry; will catch C. is going to be hungry; catches D. is hungry; wont catch14.【12六盘水】38.-Do you know if we will go for a picni

37、c this Saturday? - I think we will if we _ any classes. A. won t have B. didnt have C. dont have D. arent having15.【2012山东东营市】 Excuse me, can I interview Mr. Miller this afternoon? - A moment, please. Let me check_ . A. if Mr. Miller will be free B. when will Mr. Miller have time C. Mr. Miller had a

38、n appointment D. when does Mr. Miller come back16.【12川乐山市】22. _he has little knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Although. B. Because. C. If专练三1._he exercises every day, _ he is very healthy. A. Because; so B. Because; through C. Because; / D. Though; /2.You can choose to watch TV

39、at home go shopping with me. A. and B. but C. so D.or3.Hurry up, _ finish your homework! A.or B.but C.and D.while4.The bus driver always says to us ,“Dont get off_ the bus stops.” A. when B. while C .until 5.Though the old man didnt have enough money, he gave a thousand yuan to the charity. A. / B.

40、and C. but D. so6. I have been collecting stamps _ I was nine years old. A.before B.if C. since7. We just need one of you for the game. you your brother can join us. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also 8.A lot of famous doctors gathered in Harbin save “Chinas most beautiful teacher”Ms Zhang Lili. A. so that B. i