(通用版)最新中考英语语法知识点总复习类语法大全)汇总课件(PPT 592页)

1、（共19套）最新中考英语语法知识点总复习（最全的初中19类语法）汇总课件 如果暂不需要，请把我收藏一下吧 ，错过了我，可能就永远失去我了哦！第一页，共五百九十二页。第1页，共592页。时态的分组一般现在时：谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数过去时：谓语用动词的过去式将来时：谓语用will/be going to+动词原形现在进行时：谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词完成时：谓语用have/has+动词的过去分词过去进行时：谓语用were/was+动词的过去分词完成时：谓语用had+动词的过去分词将来时：谓语用would或was/were going to+动词原形第二页，共五百九十二页。第2页

2、，共592页。Warm-up He always _ to school by bus.A. goB. wentC. goesD. is going 解析：这句话的意思是他经常坐巴士去上学。句子中出现了一般现在时的标志词always，主语是he，所以要用第三人称单数。选C。第三页，共五百九十二页。第3页，共592页。时态详解一般现在时： 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作，存在的状态, 或说明主语的特征。表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 与一般现在时连用的时间状语:表频率：never， always，often，usually，sometimes， once a year, twice a

3、month等。表时间： on Sundays，on Monday afternoon，every day，in the morning，every year等。e.g. 他每天早上七点起床。e.g. Leif经常在他的厕所唱歌。He _ up at 7 oclock every day.Leif always _ in her bathroom.getssings第四页，共五百九十二页。第4页，共592页。时态详解 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态，一般不加状语。e.g. 地球绕着太阳转。The earth _ around the sun.e.g. 他开车开得很慢。He _ very

4、 slowly.e.g. 我妈妈不是很高兴。My mother _ very pleasedturnsdrivesisnt第五页，共五百九十二页。第5页，共592页。时态详解 表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的（将要发生的）事情, 用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。e.g. 开往厦门的火车将会在早上八点出发。The train for Xiamen _ at 8 oclock in the morning. e.g. 海豚秀将会在20分钟后开始。The dolphin show _ in twenty minutes. leavesbegins第六页，共五百九十

5、二页。第6页，共592页。时态详解 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子中可以有将来时间。e.g. 请你一到澳大利亚就给我打电话。Please ring me as soon as you _ in Australia.如果明天不下雨我们就必须去欢乐谷。We must go to Happy Valley if it _ rain tomorrow.arrivedoesnt第七页，共五百九十二页。第7页，共592页。Warm-up We

6、 _ the farmers with the apple picking last week.A. will help B. helpC. helpedD. are helping解析：这句话的意思是我们上星期帮助农民摘苹果。句子中出现了一般过去时的时间标志词last week，显然用过去式。选C。第八页，共五百九十二页。第8页，共592页。时态详解一般过去时： 表示过去某时发生的动作或状态, 可以是一次性的也可以是经常性的。表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时。 时间标志词: at eight ，ten minutes ago, yesterday, last week, 2 years a

7、go, in 1995, in the past, the other day, at that time, just now等。when 引导的时间状语从句e.g. 他刚刚才到家。He _ at home just now.e.g. 我今早六点就醒来了。I _ at six this morning.e.g. 昨晚当Evan睡着了他爸爸才回来。When Evan fall asleep his father _ back.arrivedwoke upcame第九页，共五百九十二页。第9页，共592页。时态详解 表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事。e.g. 刘阿姨的儿子在年轻的时候从来不打篮球。A

8、unt Lius child never _ basketball when he was young. 时间状语: last, in, fromto, for+时间段,often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。when 引导的时间状语从句e.g.我昨天很难过因为我没吃早餐。I _sad yesterday because I didnt have my breakfast.playedwas第十页，共五百九十二页。第10页，共592页。时态详解动词原形过去式过去分词getgoeatdo saytakegivecomebuygot gottenwent

9、 goneate eatendid donesaid saidtook takengave givencame comebought bought第十一页，共五百九十二页。第11页，共592页。Warm-up There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be解析：这句话的意思是明天晚上动物园将会有一场海豚秀。句子中出现了将来时的时间标志词tomorrow，海豚秀是在计划之内的事情，所以要用句型be going to，选D。第十

10、二页，共五百九十二页。第12页，共592页。时态详解一般将来时：表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 时间标志词 ： tomorrow, this (afternoon),next (year),one day, soon, someday, sometime, in the future, in+一段时间 结构：主语+ will/ be going to / shall + 动词原形 注意啦：be going to 与will 的区别 There _ two meetings tomorrow afternoon. are going to be B. is going to have

11、C. is going to be D. will havebe going to结构常用于计划之内的事情第十三页，共五百九十二页。第13页，共592页。Warm-upAlan, its late. Why not go to bed? Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _ for her. A. waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waiting解析：句意“艾伦，很晚了，为什么还不睡？”“詹妮还没有回来。 我_她”。语境分析，艾伦现在是正在等詹妮回来。应用现在进行时态。故选C。-What were you doing

12、this time yesterday?-We _on the grass and drawing a picture.A.sit B. sat C. was sitting D. were sitting解析：此题我们应该看到时间标志词，this time yesterday, 因此应该是过去进行时态，故选D。第十四页，共五百九十二页。第14页，共592页。时态详解现在进行时：现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。过去进行时：表示过去正在发生的动作。 时间标志词（现在进行时） ： now, look, listen （过去进行时）：when, while, at 8:0

13、0 yesterday 结构：主语+ be 动词（am, is, are/ was, were）+ doing 注意啦：有几个词可以用现在进行时表将来。 - Lucy! Would you like to give me a hand?- OK. I _.will come B. come C. am coming D. would comebegin, start, come, go, leave第十五页，共五百九十二页。第15页，共592页。Warm-up- Lucy, _ you _ your ticket? - Not yet. A. did; find B. have; found

14、C. has; foundD. do; find 解析：这句话的意思是你找到你的票了吗？从回答中的yet可以得知要用现在完成时态。故选C。第十六页，共五百九十二页。第16页，共592页。时态详解现在完成时：现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。 时间标志词 ： already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before, since+时间点,for+时间段 结构：主语+ have

15、/ has + done用法：1) 有影响： I have finished my homework. 我已经完成我的作业了。 2) 表持续： I have stayed here for an hour. 我已经在这待了半小时了。第十七页，共五百九十二页。第17页，共592页。注意瞬间动词 & 延续性动词若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：1.The film began 5 minutes ago.2.They left an hour ago.3.The man died a week ago.4.He joined the club 3 days

16、ago.5.They got married 10 years ago.6.He came here an hour ago.7.Jack got home 2 hours ago.8.Mum opened the door just now.9.I borrowed the book a week ago.10.I bought the car a year ago.The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes.They_ _ _for an hour.The man_ _ _ for a week.He_ _ _the club for 3 days.They_ _ _for 1

17、0 years.He_ _ here since an hour ago.Jack_ _ home for 2 hours.The door_ _open for a while. I_ _the book for a week.I_ _the car since a year ago.has been onhave been awayhas been deadhas been inhave been marriedhas beenhas beenhas beenhave kepthave had第十八页，共五百九十二页。第18页，共592页。Warm-upBy the time I got

18、to the cinema, the movie _ for ten minutes. A. had begun B. had been on C. has started D. has been on解析：这句话的意思是，当我抵达电影院的时候，电影已经开始十分钟了。从前半句的by the time中可以得知，这是过去完成时态，发生在过去的过去，而后接的是时间段，所以要用延续性动词。故选B。第十九页，共五百九十二页。第19页，共592页。时态详解过去完成时：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。 时间标志词: by (yesterday), by then, by the

19、 end of (last), by the time 结构：主语+ had+ done注意啦：过去完成时常用于宾语从句、after引导的从句,或者从句是before引导的主句中。e.g. After I _ _ (put) on my shoes and hat, I walked into the darkness. 穿上鞋子和帽子之后，我走向了黑暗。had put第二十页，共五百九十二页。第20页，共592页。Warm-upHe asked if I _ stay here.A. would B. willC. am going toD. was going to解析：这句话的意思是，他

20、问我是否会留下来。宾语从句中主句为过去式则从句必须为相对应的过去时，根据句意要用过去将来时，故选A。第二十一页，共五百九十二页。第21页，共592页。时态详解过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看将来发生或预计将要的动作或存在的状态。 时间标志词: later, soon, the next (day) 结构：主语+ would + 动词原形注意啦：过去将来时常由于宾语从句中Tom told me (that) he _ (go) swimming the next day.would go第二十二页，共五百九十二页。第22页，共592页。时态小结概念结构时间状语 一般现在时表示经常、反复发生的动作

21、或者行为及目前的某种状况，还可以用来表示某个事情的特点和性质。 is/ am/ areoften usually always Sometimes every week neveronce a week on Sundays 动词原形/ 动词三单 have/ has一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或者状态，过去习惯性经常性的动作或者状态。 was/ wereago yesterday in 1989 one dayat the age of twelve long long ago the day before yesterday just now last week/year/mont

22、h/ night 动词过去时 had一般将来时表示将来某个时间里发生的动作或者状态，或者将来某一段时间经常发生的动作或者状态。 will/shallv.tomorrow in the futurenext week/month/year is/am/ are going to v.过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 would/shouldV.the next day/ week/ month/ year等 was/were going tov.现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作，或现阶段进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。 is/ am/ are现在分词now at

23、this time at present these days过去进行时表示过去某个时间里正在发生的动作或者行为。 was/were现在分词then at that time at ten last night 现在完成时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 have/has 过去分词already just ever Never yet since so far before for过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或者行为。 had过去分词by the time before we got thereafter by the end of 第二十三页，共五百九十二

24、页。第23页，共592页。谢谢观赏！第二十四页，共五百九十二页。第24页，共592页。句法终结者 之 宾语从句第二十五页，共五百九十二页。第25页，共592页。He says something.宾语成分（由一个词语充当）He says that they are family.宾语成分（由一个句子充当）简单句宾语从句宾语从句！？什么鬼？第二十六页，共五百九十二页。第26页，共592页。引导词陈述句疑问句语序主+谓时态师太原则搞定宾语从句三大招！第二十七页，共五百九十二页。第27页，共592页。 超强引导词 （连接词）陈述句疑问句that引导whether和if的区别连接代词：who whom

25、 whose what which连接代词： when why where how第二十八页，共五百九十二页。第28页，共592页。注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略由从属连词that引导的宾语从句1.我听说他很帅。I hear (that) he is handsome.2. 他说他非常喜欢这条裙子。He said (that) he loved this dress very much.3.李易峰告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。Li Yifeng told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.注意：当从句是客观真理

26、的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时第二十九页，共五百九十二页。第29页，共592页。由从属连词whether、if引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. Ask him _. （他是猪吗）2. I dont know _.（他们是否是男孩） whether (if) he is a pig whether they are boys or not说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。第三十页，共五百九十二页。第30页，共592页。If 和whether 傻傻分不清楚I do

27、nt know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 与or not 连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与to do 不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whether啥时候用if，啥时候用whether葵花宝典：前有介词狼，后有to do虎，句中有or not和discuss，只能用whether.第三十一页，共五百九十二页。第31页，共592页。由连接代词、

28、连接副词引导的宾语从句What is she doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导： what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, how, why, how far, how long, how many, how much, how often作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的

29、意义。（从句）（从句）（主句）（主句）第三十二页，共五百九十二页。第32页，共592页。 引导词 句子类型 that陈述句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词（7W+1h）特殊疑问句 超强引导词 （连接词）第三十三页，共五百九十二页。第33页，共592页。由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer

30、the questionwhom they are waiting for1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）4. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）5. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）6. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了） 第三十四页，共五百九十二页。第34页，共592页。语序：陈述句语序语序！？又是什么鬼！陈述句语序=主语+谓语 疑问句语序=谓语+主语将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Is he a l

31、ovely boy?2.Are they good boys? He is a lovely boy.They are good boys.主语谓语主语谓语第三十五页，共五百九十二页。第35页，共592页。1. I want to know _ he can be here on time. A. whoB. whenC. whereD. which2. Could you tell me _? A. what your mother do B. what does your mother do C. your mother does D. what your mother does3. Di

32、d you know _ a sports meeting next Saturday ? A. there would have to be B. if there were C. if there was going to be D. there was going to have4.Tell me _ , please. A. how old is he B. how old he isC. he is how old D. how old does he一步两步，选出Mr.Right！第三十六页，共五百九十二页。第36页，共592页。将下列句子合并为一句:1. Where do the

33、y stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said. 让我们在一起！I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He aske

34、d if they liked to go skiing. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. 第三十七页，共五百九十二页。第37页，共592页。 师太原则 葵花宝典：主现从不限，主过从必过，真理规律用一现，委婉语气不影响。第三十八页，共五百九十二页。第38页，共592页。主现从不限He says she is right. He says she was right. 判断 yes or no主句是一般现在时从句时态不受限制这就是深藏功与名的主过从必过He said she is

35、right. He said she was right.主句是一般过去时从句时态必须是相对应的过去式第三十九页，共五百九十二页。第39页，共592页。什么是相对应的过去时？He will go to Hong Kong . He is sick. He is reading a book . He has finished his work. he would go to Hong Kong. he was sick. he was reading a book . he had finished his work.He said 主句时态 从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去

36、时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时第四十页，共五百九十二页。第40页，共592页。He said the earth moved around the sun. He said the earth moves around the sun.不变的真理，规律永远都用一般现在时真理规律永一现Could you tell me how I could go there? Could you tell me how I can go there?Could, Would等表示委婉语气，时态不受影响委婉语气不影响 判断 yes or n

37、o第四十一页，共五百九十二页。第41页，共592页。主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一种时态 一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时态（一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时） 客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时 师太原则，你造了吗？第四十二页，共五百九十二页。第42页，共592页。拓展：宾语从句转化为简单句1.当主从句的主语一致时：I dont know what I shall do next. I dont know what to do next.2)John didnt decide which shirt he w

38、ould buy. John didnt decide which shirt to buy.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn, decide 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。第四十三页，共五百九十二页。第43页，共592页。拓展：宾语从句转化为简单句2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：1) Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the police

39、 station?2) Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to start the recorder.第四十四页，共五百九十二页。第44页，共592页。补充：乾坤大挪移之否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think， believe, guess, suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。1. 我认为他不会和你一起来。 I dont think he will come with you.2.

40、我不相信他已经完成了作业。I dont believe he has finished his homework.第四十五页，共五百九十二页。第45页，共592页。当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening? eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?注意了：前方有坑！第四十六页，共五百九十二页。第46页，共592页。I asked him whether he _ how to prono

41、unce this word. A. knowsB. knewC. has knownD. will know2. Dick said that he _ in a train to Washington at seven yesterday . A. ride B. would ride C. was ridingD. had ridden3. Peter said that he _ the way to the chemists shop. A. does not know B. did not know C. do not know D. did not knew4. He said

42、that he _ the next day . A. will set off B. set C. would set off D. wont set off5. The teacher told us that the earth _ round. A. is B. was C. were D. be一步两步，选出Mr.Right！第四十七页，共五百九十二页。第47页，共592页。The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _

43、(play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)I think you _ about the murder now. (talk) w

44、ill be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were doing智商担当，来填坑！第四十八页，共五百九十二页。第48页，共592页。9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Mr Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the sun. 12. Could you tell me who _ away t

45、he book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ there several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken had been risesdid were第四十九页，共五百九十二页。第49页，共592页。第五十页，共五百九十二页。第50页，共592页。并列句和复合句第五十一页，共五百九十二页。第

46、51页，共592页。含有两个或者更多的相互并列的主谓结构的句子叫并列句。并列句中各分句之间是并列的，无从属关系。 并列句eg: The teachers name is Smith, and the pupils name is John. 主系表+主系表 简单句 ：主+谓 You, he and I are good friends. Hurry up, or youll miss the early bus. 主谓=句子 One can not see wind, however, it does exist. 两个句子第五十二页，共五百九十二页。第52页，共592页。 and连接两个或两

47、个以上的句子成分时，不构成并 列句。 eg：You, she and I are all students. 简单句 其他用法bothand, neithernor连接两个句子成分时， 仍属于简单句。 eg：Both he and I like English. Martin studies neither English nor Spanish. 第五十三页，共五百九十二页。第53页，共592页。 并列句不一定用并列连词构成，有时可能用逗号或分号说明两个分句之间的意义为并列关系。 eg：The moon went down; the stars grew pale; the cold day

48、 broke; the sun rose. Hurry up, its getting late. 不含并列连词的并列句第五十四页，共五百九十二页。第54页，共592页。 复合句就是由主句和一个或 一个以上的从句构成 。 主句为句子的主体，从句不能独立，只能作全句的一个句子成分，需要通过从属连词、关系代词、关系副词、连接副词等与主句连接起来。一、宾语从句 主谓宾 二、定语从句三、状语从句 主语从句 表语从句句子成分：主语 谓语 宾语 补语 表语 定语 状语 复合句第五十五页，共五百九十二页。第55页，共592页。宾语从句在复合句中可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词和某些形容词的宾语。连词 并列（并

49、列句） 从属（从句）1.及物动词后的宾语从句 (动宾从句)由从属连词that, if, whether引导。是否 if 如果 条件状语从句eg: I think that (hell return in an hour ). 主+ 谓 + 宾语 （一个句子） He asked me if/whether Miss Gao was a teacher. 宾语从句第五十六页，共五百九十二页。第56页，共592页。由连接代词what, which, who, whose及wh-ever引导。在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。eg: She doesnt know what she should d

50、o next.She doesnt know what she should do next. what she should do next. 陈述 she should do _？ Can you tell me whom you are waiting for? 宾语从句第五十七页，共五百九十二页。第57页，共592页。由连接副词why, where, when, how引导, 在句中担任状语的成分。 eg：Could you tell me when the train will leave? Do you remember how he came? 主+ 谓语 +宾语时态 语序 引导

51、词 宾语从句第五十八页，共五百九十二页。第58页，共592页。（4）介词后面的宾语从句（介宾从句） eg： Alice is sorry for what she said. She always thinks of how she can improve her spoken English. 宾语从句第五十九页，共五百九十二页。第59页，共592页。某些形容词后的宾语从句 eg： I am glad that you can join us. I am sorry （that） I am late. 宾语从句第六十页，共五百九十二页。第60页，共592页。2.引导词it代表宾语从句在“及物

52、动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，为了平衡句子结构，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句置于宾语补足语的后面。 It is +adj.+for/of sb. +to do形式主语 eg: I think it necessary (that we should do more practice in English learning). it=that we should do more practice in English learning 真正的宾语 宾语从句第六十一页，共五百九十二页。第61页，共592页。3. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即按照主语+谓语的顺序。eg: H

53、e asked me what I did yesterday afternoon. Do you know why winter is colder than summer. 宾语从句第六十二页，共五百九十二页。第62页，共592页。4. 宾语从句的时态(1)当主句中谓语是现在或将来时态时，从句中谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以按需要使用任何时态。 eg: I hear （that） hell be back in a few days. 主：一般现在时态 从 ： 一般将来 I hear he came back a few days ago. 主：一般现在 从 ： 一般过去 宾语从句第六十

54、三页，共五百九十二页。第63页，共592页。(2) 当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态，以便保持与主句谓语动词时态的一致。eg: She said she was much better than before. 主：过去时 从 ：一般过去 She said she was reading a story book at seven yesterday.主：一般过去 从 ：过去进行 He told me that he would take good care of the baby.主：过去 从句：过去将来 She said they had seen this f

55、ilm several times. 主：过去 从 ：过去完成 宾语从句第六十四页，共五百九十二页。第64页，共592页。5. 否定转移在主从复合句中，当主句的主语谓第一人称，谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 eg: I dont think he will come with you. I dont think you are right. 宾语从句第六十五页，共五百九十二页。第65页，共592页。6.宾语从句的简化(1) 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,

56、 wish, decide, agree, choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg: I hope that I can receive your e-mail. =I hope to receive your e-mail. 宾语从句第六十六页，共五百九十二页。第66页，共592页。(2) 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时，从句可简化为疑问词+不定式结构。eg: She doesnt know what she should do next. = She doesnt know what to do n

57、ext. 宾语从句第六十七页，共五百九十二页。第67页，共592页。从属连词第六十八页，共五百九十二页。第68页，共592页。 从属连词的用法 1. 引导宾语从句的从属连词 that引导宾语从句 e.g. I think that he likes football. 第六十九页，共五百九十二页。第69页，共592页。连词that引导宾语从句时，that在句子中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文 体中常省略。 e.g. He said (that) Jack was good at swimming. Mike said (that) he was feeling ill.第七十页，共五百九十二页

58、。第70页，共592页。 if, whether表示“是否”时，两个词都能引导宾语从句。 eg：I don t know if/whether Tim come. I wonder if/whether I can borrow your car? if 和whether引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换。If一般在口语中用的比较多，whether在书面语和正式场合下用的比较多。第七十一页，共五百九十二页。第71页，共592页。引导宾语从句，以下情况下只用whether不用if。 与动词不定式连用时 e.g.I dont know whether to go. 在介词后面作宾语时 e.g. I

59、m worried about whether she can come here on time. 与or not 连用时 e.g. I dont know whether to have a party or not. I asked my father whether or not I should buy a bike.第七十二页，共五百九十二页。第72页，共592页。宾语从句前置时 e.g.Whether this is true, I cant say. I cant say whether/if this is true 用if会引起歧义时if 如果 if 是否 e.g. Ple

60、aseletmeknowwhether youlikeit. 在discuss后 e.g. We re discussing whether well hold a sports meeting. We discussed whether we should close the shop. 第七十三页，共五百九十二页。第73页，共592页。2. 引导状语从句的从属连词(1)引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有： when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, as soon as等。 when, while 当.的时候e.g. He was d