2021-2022学年安徽省六安市第一中学高二下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

1、2021-2022学年安徽省六安市第一中学高二下学期开学考试英语试题时间：120分钟 满分：150分第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman find the most difficult in learning English?A. Reading. B. Listening. C. Writing.2. What d

2、oes the woman do?A. A cook. B. A waitress. C. A saleswoman.3. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a hotel. B. At an airport. C. At an office.4. What does the man think of John?A. Stubborn. B. Reliable. C. Intelligent.5. What time is it now?A. Its 10:00. B. Its 9:45. C. Its 9:10.第二节（共15小题；每小

3、题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whats the woman best at?A. Swimming. B. Figure-skating. C. Tennis.7. What does the man say about himself?A. He is an athlete. B. He has many hobbies. C. He enjoy

4、s being at home.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. How is the weather now?A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.9. Why does the man want to do outdoor exercise?A. He feels depressed. B. The kids like outdoor activities. C. He doesnt like the room color.10. What will the woman do next?A. Put on a jacket. B. Wait for the kids

5、. C. Check the temperature.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the woman doing?A. Going to a park. B. Taking a holiday. C. Looking for a hotel.12. What is the mans view about taking a taxi?A. Its expensive to take a taxi. B. Its much easier to walk there. C. Its difficult to take a taxi now.13. How will th

6、e woman probably go to Holiday Hotel?A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Mother and son. B. Boss and employee. C. Interviewer and interviewee.15. What does the man say about his present job?A. Its stressful. B. Its good

7、. C. Its easy.16. Who left the company?A. Ben. B. Johnny. C. Rita.17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friends. B. The womans plan. C. The mans situation.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What day is the first day of a week in Egypt?A. Monday. B. Sunday. C. a Saturday.19. Which holiday doesnt

8、 fall on Monday in the US?A. Easter. B. Labor Day. C. Columbus Day.20. When was Monday, Monday released?A. In 1966. B. In 1971. C.In1979.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe following 4 famous paintings from Jan van Eycks portrait to Pablo Picassos masterpi

9、ece have stood the test of time.The Amolfini PortraitJan van Eycks Amolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting i

10、s as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eycks heavy use of symbolism while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night

11、, oil on canvas (帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near SaintRemy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from

12、 a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Goghs most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August

13、and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.GuernicaGuernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pa

14、blo Picasso in 1937. The title Guernica refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacion

15、al Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid.1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?A. Guernica.B. The Harvesters.C. The Starry Night.D. The Amolfini Portrait.2. Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons?A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder.B. Vincent van Gogh.C. Jan van Eyck.D. P

16、ablo Picasso.3. What do we know about the paintingThe Starry Night?A. It was painted on wood in oils.B. It described the painters life in hospital.C It wasnt widely recognized before 1941.D. It was given away to the museum by a collector.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四幅名画从扬凡艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗毕加索的杰作

17、。它们都经受住了时间的考验。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段The Amolfini Portrait中的Jan van Eycks Amolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434第三段The Starry Night中的during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890.第四段The Harvesters中的The Harvesters is an oil pa

18、inting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.和第五段Guernica中的Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937.由此可知，The Amolfini Portrait是最早创作的画。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The Harvesters中的The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood co

19、mpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.“收获者是一幅木刻油画，由Pieter Bruegel the Elder于1565年完成。”可知，Pieter Bruegel the Elder画了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据The Starry Night中的When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it

20、has since become one of van Goghs most famous works.“1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不为人所知，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一。”可知，The Starry Night在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选C。BNowadays, especially in China, everything seems to favor social intercourse(社交) , such as gatherings of friends, KTV, group travel, dining tighter,

21、playing cards and Mahjong, plus the Chinese-style street-crossing group. Back home, discussions can still be boisterously carried on within the circle of friends of WeChat.However, these scenes cannot always ease a sense of loneliness. Zhu Ziqing, a well-known professor of Tsinghua University, signe

22、d with emotion: My loneliness increases as scene becomes much busier. One popular song today is also called A lonely man in crowds. Actually, engaging in social intercourse requires ability, while being alone involves the whole character.These days, it is not easy to calm down totally and return to

23、one s true self. Willpower, intellect and discipline are required. Einstein said: It is not your working time but your spare time that determines the possibility of whether you will be successful or not. The spare time he referred to could be taken as spending time by yourself. Lonely life could be

24、either dull, boring and tasteless or abundant, interesting and colorful, depending on one s quality, ambition and inspiration.Just as the body constantly requires energy, the mind and soul also demand never stopping inputs. However,information, processed and integrated (融入) into knowledge, thoughts

25、and feelings, instead of bustle (忙碌) seems to be the right condition. Successful careers m all walks of life worldwide have proved that the soul grows in peace and talent is nurtured in loneliness. In a sense, it may be reasonable to say that Happiness tends to be shallow while loneliness involves d

26、epth.Man, in fact, needs loneliness more than happy time, and only abundant loneliness can produce quality happiness.4. Which of the following can replace the underlined the word boisterously in paragraph l?A. surprisinglyB. sadlyC. busilyD. peacefully5. What can we infer from the second paragraph?A

27、. Being alone marks people depressed.B. Social intercourse improves our happiness.C. One may feel lonely even when surrounded by people.D. We should attend social intercourse to decrease our loneliness.6. What can we know from Einsteins words?A. You should be successful if you spend all your time by

28、 yourself.B. You should exercise more if you want to keep your minds healthy.C. You will not become successful if you join in more social intercourse.D. You will be more successful if you can make your lonely time meaningful.7. Which may be the best title for this passage?A. Live on Your OwnB. Happi

29、ness and LonelinessC. The Secret of SuccessD. Practice Your Social Ability【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了在现今社会中很多的社会往活动在进行中，人们看似很幸福。然而，一切都掩盖不了人们在这些幸福场景背后倍感孤独的社会现象。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段可知，如今，尤其是在中国，一切似乎都有利于社会交往，如朋友聚会、KTV、团体旅游、餐饮更紧，打牌和麻将，加上中式“过街组”。可以猜测出下文：回到家中仍然忙着在微信上讨论。所以划线词boisterously的意思是

30、“忙碌地”，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句，也是主题句“However, these scenes cannot always ease a sense of loneliness.(然而，这些场景并不总是能缓解孤独感)”以及“A lonely man in crowds(人群中孤独的人)”可推断，一个人就算被人包围着也可能感到孤独。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Einstein said: “It is not your working time but your spare time that determines the possibility of wh

31、ether you will be successful or not.”（ 爱因斯坦说：“不是你的工作时间，而是你的业余时间决定了你是否成功的可能性）”可知，如果你能让寂寞的时间更有意义，你会更成功。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第二段的“However, these scenes cannot always ease a sense of loneliness.( 然而，这些场景并不总是能缓解孤独感)”可知，本文主要讨论了在现今社会中很多的社会往活动在进行中，人们看似很幸福。然而，一切都掩盖不了人们在这些幸福场景背后倍感孤独的社会现象。所以最佳标题是B. Happiness

32、 and Loneliness(幸福和孤独)，故选B。CTheres a lot of anxiety around how young people, particularly teenagers, use the Internet but new research by Talk Talk suggests some of these fears may be overblown.In a recent study, 2,000 young people aged 1316 and the parents of the same teenagers, were interviewed ab

33、out their attitudes to technology and loneliness.The teens were mainly optimistic about technology and its uses. 51 percent said that during times when they felt lonely, tech provided a solution to their loneliness, enabling them to make new friends, receive support and advice, as well as allowing t

34、hem to read positive comments online. However, social media was considered as cause for feeling lonely by 12 percent of teens, who said they felt lonely because they didnt have many friends on social media.When it comes to the parents, on the other hand there is an education gap between worrying abo

35、ut the Internet, and knowing what to do about it. For example, 70 percent of parents worry about their teens using the Internet, and knowing what to do about it. For example, 70 percent of parents worry about their teens using the Internet, but 65 percent said they did not limit the hours their teen

36、 spends using social media and tech, and 70 percent reported they dont use parent protection controls and software. Around 37 percent said they feel ill-equipped or unsure about how to manage their teens online.It seems like when it comes to the Internet, the main problem is with the parents not und

37、erstanding what theyre doing. Research by Oxford University academics found there was little evidence linking screen time to mental health problems in teenagers. The study used a mixture of self-reporting techniques as well as time-use diaries.Were still learning about how things like social media a

38、ffect our health and well being, but at least this research shows that the Generation Z (those born between 1996-2010) may have more of a hold on tech and its effects than their parents do.8. What did the research by Talk Talk find?A. More teens think tech helps rid loneliness.B. Most parents limit

39、their childrens use of the Internet.C. Social media is destroying the parent-child relationship.D. Teens prefer to communicate with their net friends rather than their parents.9. How did most parents respond to their teens tech use?A. They reported it to teachers.B. They had no idea how to solve it.

40、C. They felt unsure if it was really worrying.D. They began to control their teens screen time.10. What is implied in the last paragraph?A. Less social media, better health.B. Social media is the main cause of loneliness.C. Social media shouldnt be allowed in high schools.D. Dont worry too much abou

41、t teenagers use of tech.11. The author develops the text mainly by _.A. giving typical examples.B. providing research results.C. stating different arguments.D. presenting a cause and its effects.【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。关于年轻人，尤其是青少年如何使用互联网，有很多焦虑，但Talk Talk的新研究表明，其中一些担忧可能被夸大了。文章介绍了Talk

42、 Talk通过研究，用数据表明家长不必对青少年使用社交网络过于担忧。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“51 percent said that during times when they felt lonely, tech provided a solution to their loneliness, enabling them to make new friends, receive support and advice, as well as allowing them to read positive comments online. However, social media

43、was considered as cause for feeling lonely by 12 percent of teens, who said they felt lonely because they didnt have many friends on social media.( 51%的人表示，当他们感到孤独时，科技为他们提供了解决孤独的方法，使他们能够结交新朋友，获得支持和建议，并允许他们在网上看到积极的评论。然而，12%的青少年认为社交媒体是感到孤独的原因，他们说他们感到孤独是因为他们在社交媒体上没有很多朋友)”可知，Talk Talk的研究发现越来越多的青少年认为科技有助

44、于摆脱孤独。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“For example, 70 percent of parents worry about their teens using the Internet, and knowing what to do about it. (例如，70%的父母担心他们的青少年使用互联网，且担心不知如何应对)”可知，大多数父母们不知如何应对孩子们的上网问题。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Were still learning about how things like social media affect our health and

45、 well being, but at least this research shows that the Generation Z (those born between 1996-2010) may have more of a hold on tech and its effects than their parents do.(我们仍在了解社交媒体如何影响我们的健康和幸福，但至少这项研究表明，Z一代（1996-2010年出生的人）可能比他们的父母对科技及其影响有更多的控制)”可推知，作者是在告诫父母不必过于担忧社交媒体对青少年的影响，因为他们对社交媒体的使用有较好的把控能力。故选D。

46、【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“In a recent study, 2,000 young people aged 1316 and the parents of the same teenagers, were interviewed about their attitudes to technology and loneliness.(在最近的一项研究中，对2000名13到16岁的年轻人和他们的父母进行了采访，了解他们对科技和孤独的态度)”以及倒数第二段中“Research by Oxford University academics found there was little

47、evidence linking screen time to mental health problems in teenagers. The study used a mixture of self-reporting techniques as well as time-use diaries. (牛津大学学者的研究发现，几乎没有证据表明屏幕时间与青少年的心理健康问题有关。这项研究综合运用了自我报告技巧和时间日记)”结合第三段和第四段主要列举了研究数据，可推知，作者主要通过提供研究结果来展开文章的。故选B。DIts hard for doctors to do a thorough ey

48、e exam on small children. But a new smartphone app takes advantage of parents fondness for taking pictures of their children to look for signs that a child might be developing an eye disease. The app is the result of a fathers five-year quest to find a way to catch the earliest signs of eye diseases

49、, and prevent loss of vision. Five years ago, doctors diagnosed (诊断）Noah Shaws retinoblastomaa rare type of eye cancerwhen he was 4 months old. To make the diagnosis, the doctors shined a light into Noahs eye, and got a pale reflection from the back of the eyeball, an indication that there was somet

50、hing wrong there. Noahs father Bryan, a scientist, wondered if he could see that same pale reflection in pictures of his baby son. Sure enough, he saw the reflection, which doctors call white eye, in a picture taken right after Noah was born. Then Bryan decided to create an app that could scan photo

51、s for signs of this reflection. Now, that app exists, called CRADLE. To test the app, Bryan and his colleagues analyzed more than 50, 000 pictures taken of 40 children. Half had no eye disease and half had. On average, the app detected white eye in pictures collected 1. 3 years before diagnosis, say

52、s Bryan. The app isnt perfect. It sometimes misses white eye when its there, and sometimes says its there when its not. That latter condition is a problem. Even though the so-called false positive occurs less than 1% of the time, thats not good enough. There are about 4 million children born in the

53、U. S. each year. A 1% false positive rate would mean tens of thousands of children showing up at the doctor unnecessarily. Still, Bryan is upbeat about the promise of the app. This is exciting new technology, and this is how I think were going to go about screening for a number of diseases in the fu

54、ture, he says. 12. What inspired Bryan to create CRADLE?A. His sons diagnosis.B. His family photos.C. His hobby of taking pictures.D. His working experience as a scientist.13. What do we know about white eye?A. lt is a sign of some eye diseases.B. It hardly causes serious loss of vision.C. It refers

55、 to the white part of an eyeball.D. It occurs when no light is reflected from the eye.14. Why is a 1% false positive rate still a problem?A. It may delay the treatment of a patient.B. It may badly affect the future of the app.C. It may raise serious doubts about doctors.D. It may cause a waste of me

56、dical resources.15. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word upbeat in the last paragraph?A. Curious.B. Cautious.C. Optimistic.D. Worried.【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一款新的智能手机应用程序利用家长们对给孩子拍照的爱好，可以帮助寻找孩子可能患上眼病的迹象。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Five years ago, doctors diagno

57、sed (诊断）Noah Shaws retinoblastomaa rare type of eye cancerwhen he was 4 months old.”（五年前，医生诊断出诺亚肖患有视网膜母细胞瘤，这是一种罕见的眼癌，当时他才4个月大。）可知是布莱恩儿子眼睛的诊断激发了布莱恩开发应用程序CRADLE。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“To make the diagnosis, the doctors shined a light into Noahs eye, and got a pale reflection from the back of the eye

58、ball, an indication that there was something wrong there. Noahs father Bryan, a scientist, wondered if he could see that same pale reflection in pictures of his baby son. Sure enough, he saw the reflection, which doctors call white eye, in a picture taken right after Noah was born.”（为了做出诊断，医生们用一盏灯照射

59、诺亚的眼睛，从眼球后面反射出苍白的光，这表明眼睛出了什么问题。诺亚的父亲布赖恩是一名科学家，他想知道他是否能在他小儿子的照片中看到同样苍白的倒影。果然，他在诺亚出生后的一张照片中看到了这种倒影，医生称之为“白眼”。）可知“白眼”表明眼睛出了问题，它是某些眼病的征兆。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由最后二段中的“A 1% false positive rate would mean tens of thousands of children showing up at the doctor unnecessarily.”（1%的假阳性率意味着成千上万的孩子不必要地去看医生。）可知1%的假阳

60、性率会让孩子们去看医生，这是不必要的，可推断出这可能会造成医疗资源的浪费。故选D项。【15题详解】词义猜测题。由最后一段“Still, Bryan is upbeat about the promise of the app. This is exciting new technology, and this is how I think were going to go about screening for a number of diseases in the future, he says.”（不过，布莱恩对这款应用的前景还是很乐观的。”他说：“这是一项令人兴奋的新技术，这也是我认为我