名词性从句 (5)

1、高考英语专项复习 （十一）名词性从句1. 名词性从句考点 1、引导词 that 与 what；that 与 whether； if 与 whether；what 与 how等的区别；2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题；3、名词性从句的语气问题；4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。1、名词性从句的引导词问题问题1： Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. （05安徽卷） A. what; when B. that

2、; which C. what; which D. which; that A前句考查的是 that 与 what 的区别。that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，而 what 可充当名词性的成分。前句的表语从句中还缺少表语，故只能用 what。后句是定语从句，修饰 20 years ago，所以须用 when。问题2：1) What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001) A. when B. if C. whether D. why2) Eleph

3、ants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth. （05天津卷） A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. what CB 在名词性从句中表示“是否”这一概念时，连词 if 一般只能引导宾语从句，而题1是表语从句，故不能选B；注意doubt 的用法，如果是肯定句，用 whether，如果是否定句，用 that。宾语从句中，以下情况只用 whether 不用 if： 与 or 连用时； 后接不定式短语时； 在 decide ; be sure 等动词后。问题3： _ l

4、eaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988) A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. WhoC whoever 引导名词性从句时表示“无论哪一个”，相当于 anyone who；who 引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的“谁”。根据该题的意思不难作出选择。选项A, B后都缺少了 who，而引导定语从句的 who 是不能省略的。 同时还需要注意 whoever 与 no matter who; whatever 与 no matter what 等的区别。wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句也

5、可引导状语从句，而 no matter wh- 只能引导状语从句。问题4：1) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷） A. what B. that C. how D. which 2) Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. （04广东） A. that B. howC. such D. so AB what 与 how

6、引导感叹句时，what 后加名词，how 后加形容词和副词。其结构为：What + (a) + (adj.) + n. 但要注意在 what 后不能加表示数量的 many; much; few; little 等词。 How + adj. + (a )+ (n.)，要注意的是 how 后的名词只能为单数名词。题1中是复数名词，只能用 what；题2中的正常语序是 education is important to their ，所以选B。 2、名词性从句中的时态问题问题1：1、Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _

7、today. (05北京卷) A. arent; areB. arent; were C. werent; areD. werent; were 2、 Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. (05江西卷) Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone CD当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表

8、示客观真理。3、名词性从句中的语序问题问题1： 1、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. (全国2000) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 2、 The photographs will show you _（MET1989） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village loo

9、ks like DB名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题1中的干扰项是B，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用 it 而不用人称代词 he, I , you 等。题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了。4. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虚拟语气。考题点击：The teacher demanded that the work _ bef

10、ore 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. haveD. had hadBCB、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insiste

11、d； + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考题点击：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D

12、. has toldDBC、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 考题点击：His suggestion that you _ once more sounds re

13、asonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryA5、 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的问题 问题1：1、_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It2、 I like_ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. （04全国I） A thisB that C itD one 3、The chairman th

14、ought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. （05全国卷1） Athat Bit Cthis Dhim DCB主语、宾语从句常用先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。但由 whatever, whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。6、其它需要注意的几个问题在 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess 等动词后的否定 前移问题；2）在 hope, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, think, expect, tell, say, fear 以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用 so 代替一