GBZ 19963-2005《风电场接入电力系统技术规定》

1、1GB/Z 19963-2005风电场接入电力系统技术规定Brief Introduction of GB/Z 19963-2005 Technical Rule for Connecting Wind Farm to Power Networks 2 主要内容Main content背景与意义Background 法律基础Legal Basis基本依据和原则Reference & Principle 主要条款Key items 今后需要考虑的问题The issues to be considered in future 31 背景与意义Background可再生能源法已经实施，风电场进入一个

2、大规模建设阶段。The enforcement of Renewable Energy Law of PR China国家发改委风电特许权项目的实施，一批装机容量在100MW以上的大型风电场将陆续建成。与此同时，若干个百万千瓦级的大型风电基地也在进行前期工作。 The implementation of several Wind Power Concession Projects organized by NDRC我国的电网结构相对薄弱，许多建设或规划中的风电场都位于电网薄弱地区或者末端。Many wind farms under operation and planning locate r

3、emote areas where the grid is relatively weak.41 背景与意义Background风电场对电网安全运行的影响The influence of wind farm on security operation of power systems线路传输功率The capacity of transmission lines 电网无功/电压调节Reactive power/voltage regulation机组组合和最小出力Unit commitment and the minimum output of generating units电网频率控制Gr

4、id frequency control 联络线功率控制Control of transmitted power of tie lines电能质量Power quality51 背景与意义Background电网中风电接纳能力的影响因素The factors influencing wind power penetration limits of power systems电力系统规模 power system size发电装机结构（固有的灵活性） generation capacity mix (inherent flexibility)负荷变化load variation风电场的地域分布、

5、可预测性与可控制性 the geographical spreading, predictability and controllability of wind farms61 背景与意义Background制定技术规定的目的：Objectives保证风电场和电力系统的安全稳定运行。Ensure the security and stability of wind farms and power systems明确电网公司和风电场开发商的责任和义务，适应我国大规模建设风电场的需要。Identify the responsibility and obligation of utilities a

6、nd wind power developers to promote the wind power development支持国家正在加快实施的风电机组国产化战略，同时对国产化风电机组的技术发展方向提供一定的支撑和引导。Promotion of wind turbine localization72 法律基础Legal Basis中华人民共和国可再生能源法 The renewable Energy Law of PR China 第十四条 电网企业应当与依法取得行政许可或者报送备案的可再生能源发电企业签订并网协议，全额收购其电网覆盖范围内可再生能源并网发电项目的上网电量，并为可再生能源发电提

7、供上网服务。Utilities should purchase the all electricity generated by renewable resources and provide integration service for renewable power developers.82 法律基础Legal Basis中华人民共和国电力法 The Electric Power Law of PR China第五条 国家鼓励和支持利用可再生能源和清洁能源发电。Item 5:The China encourages and supports the renewable energy g

8、eneration and the clean energy generation.第二十一条电网运行实行统一调度、分级管理。任何单位和个人不得非法干预电网调度。Item 21: The operation of power systems is based on the principal of unified dispatch and hierarchical management. No organization/body may interfere the dispatch of power systems.92 法律基础Legal Basis电网调度管理条例（国务院第115号令） T

9、he regulation on Dispatch and Management of Power Systems (No.115 Rule of the State Council)第三条 中华人民共和国境内的发电、供电、用电单位以及其他有关单位和个人，必须遵守本条例。All power plant operators, power suppliers, power consumers and others in China must comply with the order.第二十五条 并网运行的发电厂或者电网，必须服从调度机构的统一调度。All power plants and gri

10、ds must obey the dispatching orders. 103 依据和原则References & Principals Specifications for Connecting Wind Farms to the Transmission Networks, Second Edition. Eltra, Fredericia, Denmark, 2002Connection of Wind Turbines to Low and Medium Voltage Networks. DEFU 111, 1998Grid Code, High and extra high vo

11、ltage, E.on Netz GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany, August 2003WIND FARM POWER STATION GRID CODE PROVISIONS，ESB National Grid (2002). Draft Version 1.0, February 2002, IrelandGuidance Note for the connection of wind farms, Scottish Hydro Electric Issue No. 2.1.4, December 2002.Wind Power Facility Technical Re

12、quirements, Alberta Electric Power System Operator, Canada, June 2004113 依据和原则References & Principals 原则：借鉴国外标准，兼顾我国具体情况 Principals: taking into account both the relative grid codes abroad and the current situations of China.我国电网技术特点和管理体制The characteristics of China power systems and management mech

13、anism我国风电发展规模和装机比例The progress of wind power development in China and the share of wind power in power systems我国风电机组制造技术水平The state of arts of wind turbine manufacture in China124 主要条款Key items 适用范围Scope规范性引用文件 Normative references术语和定义 Terms and definitions风电场有功功率 Active power of wind farms风电场无功功率

14、Reactive power of wind farms风电场电压 Wind farm voltage风电场电压调节 Wind farm voltage regulation风电场运行频率 Operating frequency of wind farms风电场电能质量 Power quality of wind farms模型信息 Model information风电场测试 Wind farm test通信与信号 Communication and signal134 主要条款Key items I. 适用范围Scope本标准适用于通过110(66)kV及以上电压等级与电网连接的新建或扩建

15、风电场。This standard is applied to new or expanding wind farms that are connected to transmission networks with 110(66)kV and higher.对于通过其他电压等级与电网连接的风电场，也可参照本标准。Wind farms that are connected to distribution networks may refer to this standard.144 主要条款Key itemsIV. 风电场有功功率Active power of wind farm 基本要求Ba

16、sic requirements 在电网特殊情况下限制风电场的输出功率In the specific situations, active power output of wind farms shall be limited.控制风电场最大功率变化率The power output ramp rate of wind farms shall be limited. 154 主要条款Key itemsIV. 风电场有功功率Active power of wind farm (1) 在下列特定情况下，风电场应根据电网调度部门的指令来控制其输出的有功功率。In the following spec

17、ific situations, active power output of wind farms shall be controlled.电网故障或特殊运行方式要求降低风电场有功功率，以防止输电线路发生过载，确保电力系统稳定性；when gird faults happen or the grid is operating in a specific mode, active power of wind farms shall be decreased in order to prevent lines from overloading and ensure the stability o

18、f power systems;164 主要条款Key itemsIV. 风电场有功功率Active power of wind farm (1) 续前continued.当电力系统调频能力不足时，需要限制风电场的功率变化率 (MW/min)；The power ramp rate of wind farms shall be limited when frequency regulation capability of power systems is insufficient. 当电网频率过高时，如果常规调频电厂容量不足，则需要降低风电场有功功率。When power network fr

19、equency is too high, if the capacity of conventional power plant for frequency regulation is insufficient, active power output of wind farms shall be decreased.174 主要条款Key itemsIV. 风电场有功功率Active power of wind farm(2)最大功率变化率maximum power ramp rate 风电场最大功率变化率推荐值Recommendation values of maximum power r

20、amp rate of wind farms风电场装机容量Installed capacity of wind farm (MW)10min最大变化量10min maximum ramp rate (MW)1min最大变化量1min maximum ramp rate (MW主要条款Key itemsIV. 风电场有功功率Active power of wind farm (3) 事故解列 Accident disconnection紧急事故情况下，电网调度部门有权临时将风电场解列。一旦事故处理完毕，应立即恢复风电场的并网运行。A wind farm can be s

21、eparated by a power utility temporary in emergency. When the accident is cleared, the wind farm shall be reconnected to the power network at once.194 主要条款Key itemsV. 风电场无功功率Reactive power (Q) of wind farm 规定风电场无功容量的目的是保证风电场并网点的电压水平和电压质量。The reactive power capability is necessary for ensuring voltage

22、 level.对于风电机组的功率因数，国外不同标准规定的规定值差别较大。The grid code abroad specified different range of power factor for wind turbine.风电场的功率变化范围取决于电网具体情况，很难给出统一的范围。The reasonable range of Q of wind farm is grid specific, it is difficult to specify a unified range for Q.204 主要条款Key items国外规定的风电机组功率因数pf range of wind t

23、urbine214 主要条款Key itemsV. 风电场无功功率 Reactive power of wind farms无功容量 Reactive power capacity风电场无功功率的调节范围和响应速度，需要根据风力发电机组运行特性、电网结构和特点决定，应满足风电场并网点电压调节的要求。 The regulation range and response speed of reactive power of wind farms shall be determined by operating characteristics of WTGS, structure and chara

24、cteristics of power networks, which shall meet the requirements of voltage regulation of wind farm connection point.224 主要条款Key itemsV. 风电场无功功率 Reactive power of wind farms 无功电源Reactive power supply风电场无功补偿装置可采用分组投切的电容器或电抗器，必要时采用可以连续调节的静止无功补偿器或其他先进的无功补偿装置。 Reactive power compensation equipments of wi

25、nd farm may adopt mechanical/thyristor switched capacitors or reactors. Continuous regulation SVC or other advanced reactive power compensation equipments may be adopted when it is necessary.234 主要条款Key itemsVI. 风电场电压 Wind farm voltage运行电压 Operating voltage当并网点电压在额定电压的90%110%范围内，风电场应能正常运行。 When conn

26、ection point voltage is kept within 90%110% of the rated voltage, wind farm shall run normally. 244 主要条款Key itemsVI. 风电场电压 Wind farm voltage电压偏差Voltage deviation当并网电压为110kV及其以下时，风电场并网点电压的正、负偏差的绝对值之和不超过10%。When connection point voltage level of wind farm is 110kV or lower, the sum of absolute value o

27、f positive and minus voltage deviation shall not exceed 10% of the rated voltage.当并网电压为220kV及其以上时，正常运行时风电场并网点电压的允许偏差为额定电压的-3+7%。When connection point voltage level of wind farm is 220kV or higher, the admissible deviation of voltage is -3+7%.254 主要条款Key itemsVII. 风电场电压调节 Wind farm voltage regulation

28、调节方式 Regulation mode调节风电场的无功功率regulating reactive power of wind farms 调整风电场中心变电站主变压器的变比main transformer ratio of wind farm central substations. 264 主要条款Key itemsVII. 风电场电压调节 Wind farm voltage regulation无功调节 Reactive power regulation风电场无功功率应当尽可能在一定容量范围内进行自动调节，使风电场的功率因数或并网点电压保持在电网调度部门给定的限值范围内。Q of win

29、d farms shall be regulated to keep pf or V of wind farms in a certain range.分接头切换 Tap changers adjusting风电场变电站的主变压器宜采用有载调压变压器，分接头切换可手动控制或自动控制，根据电网调度部门的指令进行调整。The main transformer shall be with OLTCs, which can be controlled according to commands of utilities.274 主要条款Key itemsVIII. 风电场运行频率 Operating

30、frequency of wind farms 频率范围Frequency range要求Requirementsless than 49Hz根据风电场中风力发电机组允许运行的最低频率而定。Determined by the lowest admissible frequency of WTGS.49Hz49.5Hz每次频率低于49.5Hz时要求至少能运行10min。Operation for a period of at least 10min is required each time the frequency is blow 49.5Hz.49.5Hz50.2Hz连续运行Continu

31、ous operation is required.50.2Hz51Hz每次频率高于50.2Hz时要求至少能运行2min，并且当频率高于50.2Hz时，没有其他的风力发电机组启动。Operation for a period of at least 2min is required each time the frequency is above 50.2Hz.No additional WTGS may be started while frequency is above 50.2Hz.Above 51Hz风电场机组逐步退出运行或根据电网调度部门的指令限功率运行。WTGS of wind

32、farm shall be cut out gradually or limit power output according to command of power utility.284 主要条款Key itemsIX. 风电场电能质量Power quality of wind farm基于下列指标来评价风电场对电压质量的影响：电压偏差、电压变动、闪变和谐波。The indices for power quality of wind farm: voltage deviation, voltage change, flicker and harmonics.风电场引起的电能质量问题按照国内

33、有关标准而制定。The power quality of wind farm should comply with the existing National Standards of China (GB). 风电机组和风电场电能质量测试与评估，按照IEC 61400-21标准执行。The measurement and assessment of WT as well as the superposition calculation of many WT shall accord to IEC 61400-21.294 主要条款Key itemsX. 风电场模型信息Model informa

34、tion风电场开发商应提供风力发电机组、电力汇集系统及控制系统的有关模型及参数，用于风电场接入电力系统的规划与设计。Wind farm developer shall provide models and parameters of WTGS、electrical assembling system and control system.风电场应当跟踪风电场各个元件模型和参数的变化情况，并随时将最新情况反馈给电网管理部门。If models and parameters of wind farm are changed, the updated information are required

35、. 304 主要条款Key itemsXI. 风电场测试Wind farm test基本要求 Basic requirements风电场测试由具备资质的单位进行，并在测试前报电网管理部门；By certificated organizations, inform power system operator before test.当风电场装机容量超过50MW，或者新增装机容量超过50MW，则需要提交测试报告；For wind farms with installed capacity of 50MW and higher. 风电场应当在并网运行后6个月内向电网调度部门提供测试报告。Provid

36、e the Compliance Test Report in 6 months after operation of wind farms.314 主要条款Key itemsXI. 风电场测试Wind farm test测试内容 Test items测试应按照国家或有关行业的相关标准或规定进行，包含以下内容The test shall be based on the relative standards and regulations.最大功率变化率 Maximum power ramp rate电压偏差 Voltage deviation电压变动 Voltage change闪变 Flicker谐波 Harmonics324 主要条款Key itemsXII. 风电场通信与信号Communication and signal 正常运行信号 Normal operation signal 风电场高压侧母线电压Voltage of high voltage bus, active power 每条出线的有功功率、无功功率、电流和高压断路器的位置信号Reactive power and current of each fee