2021-2022学年人教版英语九年级全册动词时态和语态知识点及相应习题

1、【动词时态和语态】一、时态1.英语的16种时态（前提：什么是“时态”？）【加粗的是中考常见的8种时态】现在过去将来过去将来一般式一般现在时do/does一般过去时did一般将来时will do过去将来时would do进行式现在进行时am/is/are doing过去进行时was/were doing将来进行时will be doing过去将来进行时would be doing完成式现在完成时have/has done过去完成时had done将来完成时will have done过去将来完成时would have done完成进行式现在完成进行时have/has been doing过去完成

2、进行时had been doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来完成进行时would have been doing2.中考常见的8种时态【单选常考的4种时态：一般现在/一般过去/一般将来/现在完成】由助动词be构成由助动词do构成意义/用法标志状语（句中不一定出现）一般现在时（单三）am/is/areTom is happy.do/doesTom works at home.经常的动作/状态/习惯/能力/客观事实；主将从现often/usually/every day等一般过去时（过去式）was/wereTom was happy.didTom worked

3、at home.过去发生的动作；过去存在的状态yesterday/just now/ago/last week/in 1985/in those days等一般将来时（will+动原）will beTom will be happy.will doTom will work at home.将来发生的动作；将来存在的状态；主将从现tomorrow/next week/in two days等现在完成时（过去分词）have/has beenTom has been happy.have/has doneTom has worked at home.过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；动作过去已开始

4、，持续到现在且可能继续already/yet/so far/in the past+一段时间/since/for +一段时间等现在进行时（现在分词）am/is/are beingTom is being happy.am/is/are doingTom is working at home.此时此刻正在发生的动作；现阶段正在进行着的动作；瞬间动词现在进行表示将来now/at present/at this moment等过去进行时was/were beingTom was being happy.was/were doingTom was working at home.过去某个时刻或某阶段正

5、在进行的动作at that time/when/while等过去完成时had beenTom had been happy.had doneTom had worked at home.动作先发生，表示“过去的过去”；过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作by the time/by the end+过去时间点等；宾语从句等复合句中过去将来时would beTom would be happy.would doTom would work at home.过去某一时间看将来发生的动作或存在的状态常用在宾语从句中3.主将从现(1)条件状语从句由if(如果)、as long as(只要)、unles

6、s(除非)引导，主句为一般将来时或表述将来含义，从句用一般现在时。例如：She had better travel with a local tour guide if she wants to know more about the culture.(2)时间状语从句由when(当时候)、as soon as(一就)、until(直到)等引导，主句为一般将来时或表述将来含义，从句用一般现在时。例如：Ill discuss this matter with you when we meet next time. / We wont leave until Mary arrives.4.其他注意

7、项考点知识点考点1一般现在时do/does；am/is/are1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语（always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day等）连用。3. 表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实。4. 表示格言或警句。考点2一般过去时did；was/were1. 表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, three days ago等。2. 表示刚刚发生的事情而没说明时间。3. 可以表示过去的习惯性动作，句

8、中常带有every day, often, usually, always, sometimes等状语。考点3现在进行时am/is/are doing1. 表示此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。2. 现在进行时常和now, look, listen等连用。3. 用现在进行时表示将来。常用这种结构的动词有go, come, leave, stay, start, begin等位移性动词，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。4. 进行时态同always，forever等频率副词连用，表示各种感情色彩，如：赞扬、抱怨、讨厌等。考点4过去进行时was/were doing1. 表示过去某时正在发生的

9、动作。2. 表示过去某段时间持续的动作。3. 表示与过去某个动作同时发生的动作，常见于从句中。4. 同always，forever等频率副词连用表示各种感情色彩。考点5 现在完成时 have/has+(not+)过去分词（1）表示过去的动作对现在产生的结果和影响现在完成时表示过去某个时间曾经做过的、发生过的事情，对目前的某种影响，这时一般不用时间状语；也可以表示到目前为止没有发生或经历的事情。The tickets have sold out.（票已售空。）I have tried Italian food. Its delicious!（我已经尝过意大利美食了。美味啊！）Simon has

10、seen the concert. He doesnt want to see it again.（西蒙已经看过这场演唱会，不想再看了。）I have never visited San Francisco in the U.S.A.（我从没去过美国的旧金山。）（说明过去没有去过，现在仍没去过）（2）现在完成时表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束时，常和以下状语连用：just刚刚already已经ever曾经never从未yet还，迄今（用于否定句）；已经（用于疑问句）I have just heard the news that our school will set up a press club

11、.（我刚听到消息说我们学校要成立一个记者俱乐部。）They have just started to explore other planets.（他们才刚刚开始探索其他星球。）The scientists havent discovered any intelligent life on other planet yet.（科学家还没有在其他星球上发现智力生命。）（3）现在完成时表示过去开始持续到现在，而且还可能继续的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。so far迄今为止lately/recently最近，近来up to now直到现在since.自从since then自那时起sin

12、ce 2 days ago从两天前in the past few days在过去的几天for a long time很长一段时间Ive known Grace since my childhood.（我从小就认识格雷斯。）（表示现在还继续往来）Catherine has learned drawing since 2008.（凯瑟琳从2008年起学的画画。）（表示现在还在学）He has lived in Beijing for thirty years.（他住在北京30年了。）（表示现在还住在北京）I have known him for ten years.（我认识他10年了。）I hav

13、e stayed in the hotel for two weeks so far.（迄今为止，我已经在这个旅馆住了两周了。）（4）现在完成时表示从过去到现在之间曾经历过的事情，常和以下词语连用：often经常never从不ever曾经once一次，曾经twice两次since自从before之前three times三次He has never been ill in his life.（他一生中从未生过病。）I have been to the Summer Palace twice.（我曾经去过颐和园两次。）We have visited Louvre Museum before.（我

14、们以前曾参观过卢浮宫。）（5）现在完成时与一般过去时现在完成时与一般过去时都表示在过去做的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等；一般过去时则只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。He closed the window.（他关了这扇窗户。）He has closed the window.（他关上了窗户。）以上两句都是叙述了他过去把窗户关了这个动作。第一句用的是过去时，只叙述他过去做过的这个动作，这扇窗户现在也许是关的，也许是开的。而第二句用现在完成时，就包含了两个意思：一是他曾经关了这扇窗户（He once closed the window.）；二是强调动

15、作与现在的关系，即现在这扇窗户是关着的（Now the window is closed.）。（6）have/has gotA. have/has got形式上是现在完成时，实际上和一般现在时的have/has的意思相同。Have you got a light? = Do you have a light?（你有打火机吗？）He has got a slight headache. = He has a slight headache.（他有点头痛。）B. “have/has got+不定式”，表示“必须”。Ive got to go.（我得走了。）You have got to use y

16、our imagination.（你得运用自己的想像力。）（7）have/has been to与have/has gone to（）Ronald has been to Hong Kong Disney theme park twice.（罗纳德去过香港的迪斯尼主题公园两次。）（表示罗纳德以前去过迪斯尼公园，现在在此地）（）Ronald has gone to Hong Kong Disney theme park.（罗纳德去了香港的迪斯尼主题公园。）（表示罗纳德已经去了迪斯尼公园，现在不在此地）（）Ronald has gone to Hong Kong Disney theme park

17、 twice.（8）短暂性动词与延续性动词，如：come back/be back; die/be dead; buy/have; borrow/keep; put on/wear; fall behind/be behind; go out/be out; open/be open; finish/be over等。考点6 过去完成时 had+(not+)过去分词（1）与already，just，ever，yet等词连用，表示过去的过去。Robert told me his team had already won.（罗伯特告诉我他们队已经赢了。）I heard that the presi

18、dent had just arrived here.（我听说院长刚刚到达。）（2）与by then（截止到那时之前），by 9 oclock（直到9点之前），by the end of.（截止到末尾），by the time.（截止到时，在之前），up till then（直到那时）等连用，表示过去的过去。By the end of 2007 many buildings had been built in the city.（截止到2007年年底，这座城市已高楼林立。）By the time Henry came here he had been a famous doctor.（亨利到这

19、儿之前就已经是位名医了。）（3）与when，before，after，as soon as，till/until等引导的时间状语从句连用，强调动作发生的时间先后。When she got home, her children had slept.（她到家时孩子们已经入睡了。）（孩子们入睡的动作在前，她到家的动作在后）When she had finished her job, she went to sleep.（当她把所有的事情做完之后，她就去睡觉了。）（此时不分主从句，哪个过去的动作在前，该句就用过去完成时）I stood there until the plane had disappe

20、ared in the sky.（我站在那儿直到飞机在天空中消失。）（4）与状语从句连用时，如果不强调动作的先后则有时可用一般过去时来表示，尤其是由as soon as，until引导从句时；但若要表示强调，则用过去完成时。As soon as I received the letter, I wrote to you.（我一收到信，马上就给你回信了。）（两个动作几乎同时发生，用一般过去时即可）He didnt leave here until Mary arrived.（直到玛丽到了他才离开。）（5）过去完成时可用于宾语从句或间接引语中I didnt know what he had don

21、e it for.（我以前不知道他究竟为什么这么做。）I asked him how many students had attended the meeting.（我问他有多少学生去开会了。）（6）过去完成时与现在完成时过去完成时与现在完成时的用法基本相同，但现在完成时是以现在的时间为终点；过去完成时则是以过去的时间为终点，与现在无关，即过去的过去。I have known Neil for three years.（我认识尼尔三年了。）I had known Neil when I was a student.（当我还是个学生时，就已经认识尼尔了。）I have finished my e

22、xperiment.（我已经做完实验了。）（表示现在说话时已经做完实验）By six oclock, I had finished my experiment.（在6点之前，我就已经做完实验了。）（表示在过去的某一时间以前已经做完实验，与现在无关）二、语态（即主动与被动）被动语态的不同时态(1)被动语态构成：be+及物动词过去分词【使用被动语态时注意：主语与动词之间是否构成被动关系】(2)被动语态时态：它的时态变化体现在be动词上（am/is/are; was/were; will be/would be; been）中考常见的被动语态时态（以单词plant为例：We plant/plante

23、d trees in the park.） 构成例句一般现在时am/is/are plantedTrees are planted in the park.一般过去时was/were plantedTrees were planted in the park.一般将来时/过去将来时will/would be plantedTrees will be planted in the park.现在/过去完成时have/has/had been plantedTrees had been planted in the park.现在/过去进行时am/is/are/was/were being pla

24、ntedTrees are being planted in the park.含有情态动词can/could/must/should/may be plantedTrees could be planted in the park.三、练习1. Have scientists found life on Mars? Not yet, but I think they _ it some day.Afind Bfound Chave found Dwill find2. -Maria, what do you think of Mount Fanjing? -Very cool. I _ th

25、ere once. Id like to go there again.A. has been B. have been C. have gone D. has gone3. Would you like to go hiking if it _ fine this Saturday?Id love to. But nobody knows if it _.Ais; will rain Bis; rains Cwill be; will rain Dwill be; rains4. _ did the rainstorm come, Mr. Liu?While we _ a chemistry

26、 lesson yesterday afternoon.AWhen; have had BWhen; were having CWhile; are having DWhile; have5. While Mike computer games in his room, his dad came in.A. is playing B. was playing C. will play D. plays6. Peter, have you ever been to the English Corner?Oh, yes. I there to practice speaking once a we

27、ek last term.A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go7. Listen! Our teacher _ in the music classroom.A. sings B. sang C. will sing D. is singing8. Dont drink coffee before going to bed, or you _ easily. A. dont fall asleep B. wont fall asleep C. didnt fall asleep D. havent fallen asleep9. Alice, have y

28、ou finished learning the whole book? Not yet. So far, we _ six units.Alearned Bhave learned ClearnD. will learn10. I asked him a question, but he didnt reply. Maybe he _ about something else while you were asking.Athought Bthinks Cwas thinkingD. would think11. Hi, Jill. I _ rapid progress in my math

29、 since you shared your good experience with me.Great! Congratulations!Ahad made Bmade Cwill make D. have made12. -Its 20 years since we came back to Liangshan. -How time flies! We _ in our hometown for such a long time.Awork Bworked Chad worked Dhave worked13. It has been two months since my father

30、_ for Italy.Awas left Bleft CleavesD. would be left14No one can tell when they _. When they _, Ill let you know at once.Areturn; will arrive Bwill return; reach Cwill return; arriveD. return; reach15. If you take this train, you _ in Shanghai in five hours.Aarrive Bwill arrive Carrived Dhave arrived

31、16. The air here is much fresher than before. Exactly! We a lot of trees in the past few years.Aplanted Bwere planting Chave planted Dwill plant17. We cant leave here until our teacher _.Awill arrive Barrives CarrivedD. is arriving18. By the time the teacher came, we _ cleaning the classroom.Afinish

32、ed Bhave finished Chad finishedD. finish19. What do you usually do in your spare time?I often go to our community library. It _ for two years in order to encourage us to read more.Aopens Bhas opened Chas been opened Dhas been open20. Is Helen here? Not yet, but she _ in half hour.Aarrives Bwill arri

33、ve Carrived Dhas arrived21. In the past 70 years, China _ historic changes and made great achievements.Aexperienced BexperiencesChas experienced Dwould experience22. Sally_ where she had left the car and the police found it this morning.Aforgot Bhas forgotten Cforgets Dhad forgotten23. Tina, is your

34、 father a teacher? Yes, he is. He _ English for nearly 20 years.Ais teaching Bteach Chas taughtD. taught24. Sorry, you cant take the dictionary away, Vicky. I _ it.Aused Bam using Chave used Dwas using25. Wow, youve made so much progress in drawing. Thanks. I _ two online courses this winter holiday

35、.Atook Bwill take Ctake Dwas taking26. Mum, where is dad? He _ the supermarket.Awas going to Bhas gone to Chas been to Dis going to27. Be quick, Sara! The taxi is waiting for us outside. A moment, please. I _ some visitors our products.Ashowed Bam showing Cwas showing Dshow28. Not only Jim but also

36、Lucy _ a few cities since they came to China.Awill visit Bvisited Chave visited Dhas visited29. It dark. Shall I turn on the light?Agets Bgot Cis getting Dwas getting30. Im so glad that I nearly half of the test now.Afinish Bfinished Cwill finish Dhave finished31. Hello, John. This is Mike. What are

37、 you doing now?Im watching a film on TV. It _ at 7:30 and will be on for another hour.Astarts Bstarted Chas startedD. will start32. Jenny, do you know if your mother _ back tomorrow?Sorry, I dont know. As soon as she _ home, I will tell her to call you.Acomes; gets Bwill come; gets to Cwill come; wi

38、ll get Dwill come; gets33. The new shirt looks good on you. When did you buy it? On July 7th. I _ it for a week.Ahave bought Bhave had Cbought Dbuy34. I dont know the words to a lot of songs, but I do know some folk songs that my grandma _ me at an early age.Ateaches Btaught Cwill teach Dhas taught3

39、5. Project Hope celebrated its 30 birthday in 2019.Yeah. Children from poor families the chance to go to school since 1989.Aoffered Bhas offered Cwas offered Dhas been offered36. How about the third season of documentary Aerial China? Great. I _ it twice.Awatched Bwatch Cwill watch Dhave watched37.

40、Hi, Daniel. You didnt attend the chess class last night. Oh, I _ my sons model plane.Aam repairing Brepaired Chave repaired Dwas repairing38. Every year thousands of tourists _ the mountain area to relax themselves.Avisited Bwere visitingCvisit Dhave visited39. Your hometown is famous for tea, right

41、? Yes. Now tea plants _ on most mountains here.Awill grow Bare grown Cwere grownD. have grown40. I want a mobile phone which _ good pictures.Atook Bis taking Ctakes Dhave taken41. Corn production _ nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years in China.Ajumped Bjumps Cwill jump Dhas jumped42. I hear that it often _ in Sichuan and there are usually floods, especially in summer.Arains Brained Cwill rainD. has rained43. Is Li Mei a teacher? Yes, she is. She _ at a village school.Ateaches Bis teaching Ctaught Dwill teach44.