4高考英语阅读推理判断题PPT课件(51页PPT)

1、Reading Comprehension-Inference Questions 阅读理解专题-推理判断题第1页，共51页。1. 推断隐含意义 2.推断作者观点或态度 3.推断写作目的 4.推断文章出处 5.推断上下文内容 阅读推理判断题推断题分类第2页，共51页。There are three men on a train. Mr A speaks English and Chinese. Mr B speaksFrench and English. Mr C can only talk with Mr A. What language does Mr C speak? Chinese.

2、第3页，共51页。 1. Question forms: It can be inferred from the text that . From the text we know that is most likely . When the writer talks about , what the writer really means is . 一、如何推断隐含意义第4页，共51页。The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer conclude from the passage that . 这类题干中通

3、常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude等标志性词语。2.技巧点拨1).全面分析 2).忠实原文3).不要选择表层信息第5页，共51页。Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is c

4、alled the deathwatch beetle. （1分钟） The sound of this beetle _.pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people.3.Practice:(passage1)第6页，共51页。 Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison

5、 is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. The author imp

6、lies that several types of bison_. A. live outside the United Stated and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died outP3第7页，共51页。2. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it wa

7、s in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. The passage implies that rocks _. hurt sea animals protect sea animalsC. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beachesPractice2第8页，共51页。One day a man walked a pet sho

8、pand said to the shop assistant，“Ineed two small mice and about fiveDozen roaches（蟑螂） and twospiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do you needThese things for?” the shopassistant was very surprised. “Well，”replied the man，“Immoving out of my apartment andthe landlord insists that I shouldleave the house in exactly the

9、 same condition as I found it.”Practice 3第9页，共51页。The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment, it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects 第10页，共51页。 5. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Mary feels pit

10、y for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible. DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forcedher to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto selfpity. “Everybody on ear

11、th can ask，whyme？about something or other，”she insists. “It doesntdo any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartachepain，and disappointments. Sometimes we can makethings better by helping others. Ive come to realize theimportance of that as Ive grown up this second time. Iwant to speak out and be as h

12、elpful as I can be.”高考链接-2010湖南卷4第11页，共51页。 What can we infer from the last sentence of the text ?A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the countryB.Health is more important than moneyC.The harmony between man and nature is important D. Good old days will never be forgottenThen the people realize

13、d what was happening. It was thefrog. They hadnt been useless.They had been doing animportant job-eating insects. Now with so many frogskilled, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They weredamaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the peaple are still poor.But in the evenings they sitin

14、the village square and listen to sounds of insects andfrogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deepermeaning . 高考链接-2010辽宁卷5topic sentence第12页，共51页。二、如何推断作者观点和态度： 作者的态度: objective（客观的） subjective（主观的） neutral （ 中立的）；positive (积极的) negative（消极的）approval（赞成的）disapproval（不赞成的）Indifferent（不感兴趣的，漠

15、不关心的sarcastic （讽刺的） critical (批评的) optimistic （乐观的） pessimistic（悲观的）客观的第13页，共51页。Impressed 有深刻印象的 doubtful 不敢肯定的 persuasive 说服人的Interested 感兴趣的 factual 实事求是的 questioning 质问的 Approving 赞成的 suspicious 怀疑的Worried 担忧的 depressed 沮丧的 confident 自信的hostile 敌对的 prejudice 有偏见的 unconcerned 不关心的，不挂念的第14页，共51页。1

16、. Question forms:The writers attitude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.2.技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。第15页，共51页。注意仔细琢磨作者表达情感和态度的用词方式肯定：certainly, no doubt, surely,不太肯定：possibly，maybe, it is said that .情感色彩：great, terrific(极好的；极其的，非常的；可怕的，凄惨的；了不起) , wonderf

17、ully, sadly, shame第16页，共51页。注意作者使用反语I found in my babys behavior a metaphor暗喻 for the new generation. My wife and I had given him some books to examine， but he merely spit upon them. When we read to him， he did not feel comfortable. And so it is in the schools. We find that our students dont read an

18、d look down upon reading and even scold those of us who teach it. All they want to do is watch TV. Therefore, I have reached a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight it? Let them watch all they want! What do you think is the

19、 authors attitude towards TV?Curious. B. Worried. C. Unfavorable. D. Favorable.第17页，共51页。注意作者对事件下的结论Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder， bribery（行贿），and deathFrankly，Im sick of all this bad newsThis authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _ A.com

20、plain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform 第18页，共51页。注意作者对比的写作方法Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a

21、say. “My parents were on the before side of that change, but todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on theafter side,” explains Mr. Ballmer. “Its not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it mor

22、e fun to be a parent now.”Q: By saying “todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the after side.” the author means that todays parents _.A. follow the trend of the changeB. can set a limit to the changeC. fail to take the change seriouslyD. have little difficulty adjusting to the change第19页，共51页。注意

23、作者对动作, 场景的描述By this time there were quite a few people standing in lines. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white, some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.In the paragraph the author suggests that _.A. a modern computer wont

24、 be down.B. computers can take the place of humansC. sometimes a computer may bring suffering to peopleD. there will be great changes in computers第20页，共51页。That poor doctor just couldnt get my gloves off. Each time he took a step towards me, I broke into painful shouting. the doctor began to stitch(

25、缝合) my head wound, not only did he merrily（快乐地） cut off a long lock of my hair, but used no anaesthetic(麻药) either!What did the writer think of the doctor? A.friendly. B. cruel. C. hardworking.D. kind第21页，共51页。 There was a time when some peopleslives were devoted simply to thecultivation of the land

26、 or the care ofcattle.No multi-tasking there; their liveswent on at a much gentler pace, and in afamiliar pattern. There is much that wemight envy about a way of life like this.Yet before we do so, we must think of thehard tasks our ancestors faced;theyfarmed with bare hands,often lived closeto hung

27、er,and had to fashion tools fromwood and stone. Modern machinery hasfreed people from that primitiveexistence. 6第22页，共51页。What is the authors attitude towards the modern technology? A. Critical B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.对事物的前景抱着希望，有信心，叫乐观第23页，共51页。We must not forget, either, that adve

28、rtising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue收入来源. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by adver

29、tisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Q: The attitude of the author toward advertisers is _. A. appreciative. B. trustworthy. C. critical. D. dissatisfactory.第24页，共51页。Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not cryingholding back tears of anger, pain o

30、r sufferingcan be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, dont fight it. Its a

31、naturaland healthyemotional response(反应). （2分钟）According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.D. We must cry if we want to

32、 reduce pressure.第25页，共51页。Passage6. Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in s

33、mall boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds. I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bri

34、dge or a hot air balloon) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic（有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities whic

35、h most people would say as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. 第26页，共51页。 Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists（心理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and

36、boring. Not very long ago, peoples lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）. Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe

37、conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping. （5分钟）The writer of the text has a _ attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports.A. positive（肯定的） B.

38、negative（否定的） C. neutral （中立的） D. nervous第27页，共51页。三、如何推断写作目的 1. Question forms:(1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的A. The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B. What is the purpose of writing this article?C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _.第28页，共51页。(2) 考查某处细节的写作意图A. The writer uses the exam

39、ple ofto show that _.B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C. are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. 第29页，共51页。2. 常见的写作目的归纳不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 但写作目的通常有以下三种：(1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑）(2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）(3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）常见于故事类

40、的文章。to make people laugh; to tell an interesting experience常见于广告类的文章。to sell a product or a service; to attract more visitors / readers / audience多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类的文章.第30页，共51页。3. 技巧点拨 (1) 根据文体类别推断写作目的(2) 从写作手法来推断写作目的第31页，共51页。Passage7. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a w

41、ave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. （1.5分钟）The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.

42、 A. test the readers knowledge about waves B. draw the readers attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylors importance D. invite the readers to answer them第32页，共51页。 The Cost of Higher EducationMany people believe that higher education should be freebecause it is good for the economy (经济). Many grad

43、uatesclearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all thebusinesses that invest (投资)and create jobs. If you believethat the government should pay for higher educationbecause graduates are economically productive, youshould also believe that the government should pay part ofbusiness costs. Any

44、one promising to create jobs shouldreceive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, whoshould pay for their university education. 高考链接-2010北京卷The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to _. Aargue against free university educa

45、tion Bcall on them to finance students studies Cencourage graduates to go into business Dshow their contribution to higher education8第33页，共51页。Passage8 A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the mans big family-his parent

46、s, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar. Three months later the woman went back to her parents home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or w

47、ork. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house. It went to the womans home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husbands

48、 home. （3分钟） The writer wrote the story in order to_. A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal C. show that women care more for animals than men do D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife第34页，共51页。1. Question forms:The passage is most likely to be ta

49、ken from_.Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of _.四、如何推断文章出处2. 解题技巧这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1) 报纸 (2)广告 (3)产品说明：(4)书评 5(影评） 第35页，共51页。Passage9（全国卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as dir

50、ected?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them. To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four h

51、ours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctors advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.This text is most probably taken from a _. （2分钟） A. textbook B. newsreel C. do

52、ctors notebook D. bottle of medicine第36页，共51页。 Dont wander aimlessly through life. Get confused onyour goals, start helping others in need, and live life to thefullest! Life is too short to be anything but happy. Visit myblog and find what youve been missing. Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven

53、free ebooks, too! Read hundredsof articles while youre there in the article section, which isupdated daily.PracticeThis text must be taken from _A a radio program B. a websiteC. a newspaper D. a TV program9第37页，共51页。2. 解题技巧推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。五推断上下文内容Question forms:The next

54、paragraph would most probably deal with _The paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss _.第38页，共51页。Passage 11 When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms有机物 did. When human

55、s learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing牧场， area for the wild animals

56、that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication（驯化） of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible食用 . Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication精练 was it possible for

57、humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities. （3分钟）The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _. A. fire B. hunting C. farming D. urbanization （城市化）第39页，共51页。Passage10 More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each ye

58、ar. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt（安全带）saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do

59、 not, you could be fined up to $ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the drivers responsibility（责任）to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind. However, you do not have to wear a seat bel

60、t if you are reversing（倒退）your vehicle or you are making a local delivery（发送）or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances（情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you m