2018版高考英语二轮专题限时集训20 阅读理解 推理判断题(Ⅱ)

1、专题限时集训(二十)阅读理解推理判断题()(对应学生用书第155页)加的为推理判断题A(2017苏北四市高三一模)Inmodernsociety，itisusuallyconsideredgoodtobeanextroverted(外向的)person.Thismeansthatlifecanbehardforintrovertedpeople.Theirtalentsandabilitiesareoftennotrecognized.Somepeopleoftentrytomakeintrovertsmoreoutgoing.Theythinkthatbeinganintrovertisap

2、roblem.Butthereisnothingwrongaboutbeinganintrovert.Introvertsarenotnecessarilyafraidofmeetingandtalkingtoothers.Theysimplyprefertospendtimeontheirown，awayfromthecrowds.Theylikereading，writingandtakingwalksinthecountryside.Butextrovertsneedotherpeople.Iftheyspendalotoftimeontheirown，theygetbored.They

3、tendtobeimpulsiveandtalkalot.Oursocietyputsalotofpressureonpeopletobeextrovert，tobeoutgoingandselfconfidentoneveryoccasion.SusanCain，theauthorofthebookQuiet：ThePowerofIntrovertsinaWorldThatCantStopTalking，hasspokenaboutthisproblem.“Iwasnineyearsold，”Cainsays，“Inmysuitcasetherewerelotsofbooks.Thissee

4、mednormaltome，becauseinourfamilywealwaysreadalot.Ithoughtitwouldbethesameatsummercamp.ButIwaswrong.Tocreatecampspirit，allthechildrenhadtosingacheereverymorning.Icouldntunderstandwhy.Intheevening，Itookoutabookfrommysuitcase.Butanothergirlsaid，Whyareyoubeingsoquiet？ThesecondtimeItookoutabook，thecounse

5、lor(辅导员)cametoseeme.Shetoldmetorememberthecampspiritandthatitwasimportanttobeoutgoing.”itAtwork，extrovertsoftendowell.Atjobinterviews，isusuallygoodtoappearextrovert.Itsuggeststhatyouwillbegoodatthejob.Butitiswrongtothinkthatonlyextrovertsaregoodleaders.Introvertsworkindifferentwaystoextroverts，butth

6、eycanstilldoreallygreatthings.Darwin，forexample，wasaquiet，familyman.Heoftentooklongwalkssothathecouldthinkclearly.ButDarwinsideasaboutevolutionwererevolutionary.Introvertsmustunderstandthatitisperfectlyokaytobethewaytheyare.Itisnotnecessarytowanttobethecenterofattention.Youdonthavetotakepartinnoisy，

7、socialactivitiesifyoudontwantto.Anditisnotnecessarytotrytobecomemoreoutgoing.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。讨论的是有关外向型的人和内向型的人在性格上的差异及在生活中的表现等内容。1.Thissentence“Introvertsaregenerallymisunderstood.”shouldbeputatthebeginningofParagraph_ATwoBThreeCFourDFiveA考查推理判断。题干所给的句子意为“性格内向的人常常被误解”，而第二段主要讲的是人们对性格内向的人的误解，所以这句话放在第二段开

8、头最合适。故选A。2.Paragraph3isconstructedbymeansof_AanalyzingreasonsBgivingexamplesClistingargumentsDcomparingfactsB考查推理判断。第三段以一位作家的例子来说明，我们所处的社会希望每个人在任何场合都能够外向、开朗且自信。故选B。3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?AThetalentsandabilitiesofextrovertsareusuallyignored.BSomeintrovertsfeelcaughtbetweennatureandsocialpress

9、ure.COnlyextrovertsaregoodleaderswithbetterinterpersonalskills.DItisnecessaryforintrovertstotrytobecomemoreoutgoing.B考查推理判断。通读全文，尤其是第四段和第五段的内容可知，社会是非常青睐性格外向的人的，但做自己才是最重要的，性格内向的人不必为了适应这种趋势而强行改变自己的性格，由此可以推知，一些性格内向的人处于适应社会需求还是坚持自己性格的两难之间。故选B。B(2017无锡高三一模)“Imovedhim，”theoldmansaid，“Imovedhimthen.”Hefelt

10、faintagainnowbutheheldonthegreatfishallthestrengththathecould.Imovedhim，hethought.MaybethistimeIcangethimover.Pull，hands，hethought.Holdup，legs.Lastforme，head.Lastforme.Youneverwent.ThistimeIllpullhimover.Butwhenheputallofhisefforton，startingitwelloutbeforethefishcamealongsideandpullingwithallhisstre

11、ngth，thefishpulledpartwayoverandthenrightedhimselfandswamaway.“Fish，”theoldmansaid，Fish，youaregoingtohavetodieanyway.Doyouhavetokillmetoo？”Thatwaynothingisaccomplished，hethought.Hismouthwastoodrytospeakbuthecouldnotreachforthewaternow.Imustgethimalongsidethistime，hethought.Iamnotgoodformanymoreturns

12、.Yes，youare，hetoldhimself.Youregoodforever.Onthenextturn，henearlyhadhim.Butagainthefishrightedhimselfandswamslowlyaway.Youarekillingme，fish，theoldmanthought.Butyouhavearightto.NeverhaveIseenagreater，ormorebeautiful，oracalmerormorenoblethingthanyou，brother.Comeonandkillme.Idonotcarewhokillswho.Nowyou

13、aregettingconfusedinthehead，hethought.Youmustkeepyourheadclear.Keepyourheadclearandknowhowtosufferlikeaman.Orafish，hethought.“Clearup，head，”hesaidinavoicehecouldhardlyhear.“Clearup.”Twicemoreitwasthesameontheturns.Idonotknow，theoldmanthought.Hehadbeenonthepointoffeelinghimselfgoeachtime.Idonotknow.B

14、utIwilltryitoncemore.Hetrieditoncemoreandhefelthimselfgoingwhenheturnedthefish.Thefishrightedhimselfandswamoffagainslowlywiththegreattailweavingintheair.Illtryitagain，theoldmanpromised，althoughhishandsweremushynowandhecouldonlyseewellinflashes.Hetrieditagainanditwasthesame.Sohethought，andhefelthimse

15、lfgoingbeforehestarted；Iwilltryitonceagain.Theoldmandroppedthelineandputhisfootonitandliftedtheharpoon(鱼叉)ashighashecouldanddroveitdownwithallhisstrength，andmorestrengthhehadjustsummoned(鼓起)，intothefishssidejustbehindthegreatchestfinthatrosehighintheairtothealtitudeofthemanschest.Hefelttheirongoinan

16、dheleanedonitanddroveitfurtherandthenpushedallhisweightafterit.Thenthefishcamealive，withhisdeathinhim，androsehighoutofthewatershowingallhisgreatlengthandwidthandallhispowerandhisbeauty.Heseemedtohangintheairabovetheoldmanintheskiff.Thenhefellintothewaterwithacrashthatsentspray(喷)overtheoldmanandover

17、alloftheskiff.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老渔夫和一条大鱼作斗争的故事。4.Whydidtheoldmankeeptalkingtohimselfwhilefightingagainstthefish?ATorescuehimselffromgreatpressure.BToremindhimselfofthehiddendanger.CTopreventhimselffromfeelingtired.DTogivehimselfconstantencouragement.D考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Hefeltfaintagainnow”可知，那位老人现在又感

18、到一阵晕眩，再结合该段中他对自己说的话及其心中所想可知，老人这样做是为了不断地鼓励自己。故答案为D。5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthefisherman?AThefishermanseemedtobeplayingacatandmousegamewiththefish.BThefishermanshowedrespectforhisrivalinthisfiercebattle.CThefishermanhadbeenfightingwiththefishforlong，whichmadehimanxious.DThefisherman，

19、experiencedashewasinfishing，nearlygotkilledonseveraloccasions.B考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“NeverhaveIseenagreater，ormorebeautiful，oracalmerormorenoblethingthanyou，brother.”可知，老人说，他从来没有见过比这条鱼更庞大、更漂亮、更平静、更高贵的东西。显然，老人对这条鱼有很高的评价，他是很尊重他的这位竞争对手的。故答案为B。6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesentence“Fish，youaregoingtohavetodieanywa

20、y”(Para.3)?AQuiteafewfishermenwerechasingandhuntingthefish.BThefishhadbeenseriouslyinjuredandcouldntlivelong.CTheoldmanhadmuchconfidenceincatchingthefish.DAsamatteroffact，thefishwastoooldtoliveanylonger.C考查推理判断。根据上下文中提及的老人多次尝试抓住这条鱼的内容可知，这个句子在此暗示老人(起初)非常有信心能抓住这条鱼。故答案为C。7.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestd

21、escribestheoldman?AAmbitious.CStrongwilled.BAggressive.DSympathetic.C考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，老人抓住这条鱼的过程并不顺利，但他不放弃，一次又一次地进行了尝试，最后成功地抓住了这条鱼。这说明老人是个意志坚强的人。故答案为C。CThe“(2017苏锡常镇高三二模)Areyouadifferentpersonwhenyouspeakaforeignlanguage?ThatsjustoneofthequestionsTheNewYorkerswriterandnativeNorthCarolinianLaurenCollins

22、exploresinherautobiography，abouthertougheffortstomasterFrenchaftermarryingaFrenchmanwhosenameOliviershecouldntevenpronounceproperly.WheninFrenchrangesfromthehumorouslypersonalstorytoadeeperlookatvarioustheoriesoflanguageacquisitionandlinguistics(语言学)ThecouplemetinLondon“onmoreorlessneutralground：his

23、continent，mylanguage”ButthebalanceshiftedwhentheymovedtoGenevaforOlivierswork.ThenormallyvolubleCollinsfoundherselfataloss“nearlyspeechless”languagebarrier，andherdependenceonherhusbandforsimplethingslikebuyingtherightcutofmeatworsenedhermixedfeelingsabout“unlovely，butnotridiculous”Geneva.Shecomments

24、，Language，asmuchasland，isaplace.Tobecutofffromitistobe，inasense，homeless.”“Hersenseofalienation(疏离感)leadstoanexaminationofAmericasmiserablerecordwhenitcomestoforeignlanguages.LinguistscallAmericathegraveyardoflanguagesbecauseofitssingularabilitytotakeinmillionsofimmigrantsandmaketheirnativelanguages

25、dieoutinafewgenerations，”Collinswrites.EducatedinWilmington，N.C.，andatPrinceton，shecouldlikethevastmajorityofAmericansonlyspeaktheirmothertongue.EightmonthsaftershemovedtoSwitzerland，CollinsgaveuponthenaturalacquisitionoflanguageandfinallyattendedaFrenchcourse.Asshestruggleswithgrammarandvocabulary，

26、Collinsnotessmartlythatvert(green)，verre(glass)，ver(worm)，vers(toward)，andvair(squirrel)composeaquintuplehomonym(同形异义)“Althoughitsdifficult，Frenchcanbetried，”shesays.“FrenchisactuallyconsideredamongtheeasiestlanguagesforanEnglishspeakertolearn，especiallycomparedtoArabicorMandarinChinese.Collins，whos

27、enotablyrichEnglishvocabularyincludesglossolalia(nonsensespeech)andshibboleth(catchwordorslogan)，findsplentyofterrificFrenchwordstolove.Shewrites，Englishisatrustfund，anunearnedinheritance(遗产)，butIveworkedforeverybitofFrenchIvebanked.”UnlikeJhumpaLahiri，whobecamesohookedonItalianandusedittowriteInOth

28、erWords，CollinsgoalsforlearningFrenchweremoremodest.“IwantedtospeakFrenchandtosoundlikeaNorthCarolinian.”Shealsowantedtobeabletodealwiththechimneysweepandbutchers，communicatewithherinlaws，and“totouchOlivierinhisownlanguage”SheadmitsthatshefeelsdifferentspeakingFrench.“Itsausterity(朴素)mademefeelmorec

29、onfused.”ReaderslookingfortheromanticsparkofclassiccrossculturallovestoriesfeaturinganoutgoingAmericanandashyFrenchmanwillfindflashesofithere.AmongthemanyculturaldifferencesthecoupleargueoverisherenthusiasticAmericanhabitofapplyingtheverblovetoexpressenthusiasmforshoes，strawberries，andhusbandsalike.

30、ButtheresfarmoretoCollinsbookthanfantasticcomedy，andthosewhohaveweatheredlinguisticcrossingsthemselvestendtofindparticularresonance(共鸣)initsinquiryintolanguage，identity，andtransculturaltranslation.Arrangedbychaptersnamedforverbtenses，WheninFrenchworksitswayfromThePastPerfect(LePlusqueparfait)toThePr

31、esent(LePrsent)andTheConditional(LeConditionnel)CollinsendsonadelightfulnotewithLeFuturfittingforanewmotherabouttomovewithherhardwonFrenchhusband，Frenchlanguage，andSwissborndaughtertotheFrenchspeakingcityofherdreams，Paris.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了LaurenCollins的自传WheninFrench的相关内容。8Whichofthefollowingstatem

32、entsisTRUEaboutWheninFrench?AItdescribeshowmostAmericanpeoplelearnFrench.BItintroducesavarietyoftheoriesaboutFrenchlearning.CTheauthortellsherexperiencesinaseriousway.DThebookoffersatraditionalwayoflearningaforeignlanguage.B考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句话中的“adeeperlookatvarioustheoriesoflanguageacquisitionandling

33、uistics(语言学)”可知，WheninFrench探讨了语言习得的不同理论和语言学。9Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“voluble”inParagraph2?AGraceful.CTalkative.BDependent.DEnergetic.C考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“normally”和“nearlyspeechless”可知，通常情况下，LaurenCollins是很健谈的，但是在新的环境下她因为语言不通而感到不知所措，几乎说不出话。由此可知，voluble表示的应是与speechle

34、ss相反的意思，故选C。10.WhydolinguistscallAmerica“thegraveyardoflanguages”？ABecauseotherlanguagesareprohibitedinAmerica.BBecauseonlyEnglishspeakingpeoplecanimmigrateintoAmerica.CBecauseimmigrantsnativelanguagescontradictEnglishinAmerica.DBecauseAmericancultureswallowsupimmigrantsnativelanguagesgradually.D考查推

35、理判断。根据第三段中的“itssingularabilitytotakeinmillionsofimmigrantsandmaketheirnativelanguagesdieoutinafewgenerations”可知，语言学家之所以将美国称作“语言的墓地”是因为美国文化会逐渐地“吞噬”移民的母语。11.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4andParagraph5?ACollinsEnglishvocabularyknowledgecontributeslittletoherFrenchlearning.BCollinshasfoundoutsomeeffectivewaysofmasteringFrenchwords.CArabicorMandarinChineseiseasiertolearnthanFre