5B期末语法知识整理

1、5B期末语法知识整理动词的形式：动词后面加上ing : 、现在进行时：表示某个动作正在发生或进行。它的构成方式是：主语+be+动词ing现在分词形式，有时会要求自己加上be动词（is, am , are ）。句子中经常会出现look, listen, now等词。现在进行时的变化 肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+动词ing+其它. 否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +动词ing+其它. 一般疑问句：Be(am, is, are) +主语+动词ing +其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词(what , where)+be(am, is, are)+主语+动词in

2、g +其它？ 对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。练习：1. What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread.2. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.3. Look, the boy_(put) the plate on his finger.4. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play).5. Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass.6. Listen, who_(

3、sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there.like(s), go , do some , 后面的动词加ing.如：1. I like (play ) football, but my father likes (play) chess.2.Lets go (swim).二、动词后面加s/es. 这就有关一种时态：一般现在时。一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。时间状语：often经常, usually通常, always总是， every每个, every morning 每个早晨,every day每天, sometimes有时，at在几点钟它的

4、动词变化与主语人称有关，只有肯定句中第三人称单数用动词三单（动词加s/es），其余动词均用原形。在否定句和问句中，因为有助动词do, dont , does , doesnt，所以后面的动词用原形。三单变化： 多数在动词后加s playplays likelikes 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es gogoes washwashes watch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es flyflies studystudies一般现在时的变化：1、肯定句：主语（非三单）+动原+其它 / 主语（he , she ）+动词三单+其它。2、否定句：主语（非三单）+dont+动

5、原+其它 / 主语（he , she ）+动原+其它。3、一般疑问句：Do +主语（非三单）+动原+其它 / Does +主语（he, she ）+动原+其它。 4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（What, Where ）+do +主语（非三单）+动原+其它 特殊疑问词（What, Where）+ does +主语（he , she ）+动原+其它。练习：1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning？4. What(do) he u

6、sually (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_hi

7、s mother_(do) the housework?11. What you usually (do ) on Sundays ?12. He ( not like ) ( drink ) tea .13. They (not like ) ( play ) cards.三、动词用原形的名显特征有：1、在can , cant, lets , shall we 后面用原形。2、助动词do , dont , does , doesnt 后面动词用原形。练习：1、He can ( put ) an egg on his mouth . 2. Lets ( clean ) the library

8、now. 3. Shall we (have ) lunch at eleven oclock? 4. Does your uncle (water) flowers every day ?祈使句： 1.祈使句的结构 祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Puton / in / under Touchwith Dotimes. Show us Lets Turn 祈使句的否定结构 祈使句的否定结构一律在肯定结构之前加do not(dont). Eg:Stand up, please 请起立 Dont stand up, please. 请不要起立五、动名词：动名词与现在分词词形一样，均

9、由动词ing构成。动名词具有名词特征，在句中可 作主语、宾语、表语和定语。Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies. 作主语He likes watching football matches. 作宾语My favourite sport is fishing. 作表语Hes in the reading room. 作定语动名词的构成：一般情况，在动词原形后加ing。 go going ，see seeing 。以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加ing：take taking , live living以重读闭音节结尾的词，如果词尾只有1个辅音字母，

10、它的前面是单个元音字母，要先把词尾的辅音字母双写，再加ing, run-running , swimswimming, putputting, stopstopping, sit-sitting. 六、时间的表达方式 由介词to ,past构成： 半小时以内包括半小时用 “past”(从01分到30分,用几点过几分表达) half past one 1:30 ；a quarter past three 3:15 超过半小时用 “to”(从31分到59分用几点差几分表达） one to three 2:59小练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. Wang Bing is (write) an e

11、-mail to his friend in the study. 2. I (play) the piano, my brother (watch) TV now. 3.He can (swim), but I (not),I can (ski). 4.Lets (go) and (play) basketball . 5.Shall we (clean) the classroom now. 6.I (like) (skate),my parents (not),they (like) (swim). 7.Miss Green (like) (dance) very much. 8. (d

12、o) Uncle Wang (run) fast？9.GaoShan often (go) (swim) in Summer(夏天). 10.Do you (have) (some) (bobby)? Yes, I (do). 11 (do) your father (watch) TV in the evening?No, he (not). 12.This is Helen (speak). 13.Tom usually (play) football after school. 14.He (live) in a small town near Nanjing. 15.Pingping (write) an e-mail to his friend now. 16.What (do) Nancy usually (do)? She usually (grow) flowers .17. My father _ _(like) that song very much. He often _ _(sing) it. 18. _he _(watch) TV in the evening? No, he _19. My parents usually_(get) up at 6. My sister _(get) up