webgrevocabulary39红宝书韦氏词典版

1、 WORD 83/83Submission解释GRE 红宝书n.恭顺英n. 恭顺 ( an act of submitting to the authority or control of another)类submission : obeisance / affection : embrace ( 鞠躬表示谦恭 / 拥抱表示爱)记sub ( 下面) miss ( 放) ion - 放在下面 - 从属, 服从Webster CollegiatenounEtymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin -, submissio ac

2、t of lowering, fromsubmittereDate: 14th century1.m a. a legal agreement to submit to the decision of arbitratorsm b. an act of submitting something (as for consideration or inspection); also somethingsubmitted (as a manuscript)2. the condition of being submissive, humble, or compliant3. an act of su

3、bmitting to the authority or control of anotherSubordinate解释GRE 红宝书adj.附属的; n.部下, 下属英adj.附属的 ( placed in a lower class, rank, or position)记sub ( 下面) ordin ( 顺序) ate - 顺序在下面 - 附属的同派生词: subordinacy ( n. 隶属; 下级地位) ; subordination ( n. 从属, 部下)Webster CollegiateI. adjectiveEtymology: Middle English subor

4、dinat, from Medieval Latin subordinatus, past participle ofsubordinare to , from Latin sub- + ordinare to order more at ordainDate: 15th century1. placed in or occupying a lower class, rank, or position ; inferior 2. submissive to or controlled by authority3.m a. of, relating to, or constituting a c

5、lause that functions as a noun, adjective, or adverbm b. subordinating?ly adverb?ness nounII. nounDate: 1640one that is III. transitive verb (-nated; -nating)Etymology: Medieval Latin subordinatusDate: 15971. to make subject or subservient2. to treat as of less value or importance ?subordination nou

6、n?subordinative adjectiveSuborn解释GRE 红宝书v.收买, 贿赂英v.收买, 贿赂 ( to induce secretly to do an unlawful thing)记sub ( 下面) orn ( 装饰) - 在下面给人好处 - 贿赂例suborn a witness ( 收买证人)Webster Collegiatetransitive verbEtymology: Middle French er, from Latin are, from sub- secretly + ornare to furnish, equip more at ornat

7、eDate: 15341. to induce secretly to do an unlawful thing2. to induce to commit perjury; also to obtain (perjured testimony) from a witness?ation noun?er nounSubpoena解释GRE 红宝书n. ( 法律) 传票; v.传讯英n. ( 法律) 传票 ( a written order requiring a person to appear in court) ; v.传讯 ( to summonwith a writ of subpoe

8、na)记sub ( 下面) poena ( penalty惩罚) - 在惩罚下 - 传讯Webster CollegiateI. nounEtymology: Middle English suppena, from Latin sub poena under penaltyDate: 15th centurya writ commanding a person designated in it to appear in court under a penalty for failureII. transitive verb (-naed; -naing)Date: 1640to serve

9、or summon with a writ of Subscribe解释GRE 红宝书v.捐助; 订购英v.捐助 ( to give something in accordance with a promise) ; 订购 ( to enter ones name for apublication or service)记sub ( 下面) scribe ( 写) - 签署, 写下订单 - 订购Webster Collegiateverb (d; subscribing)Etymology: Middle English, from Latin re, literally, to write

10、beneath, from sub- + scribere to write more at scribeDate: 15th centurytransitive verbm 1. to write (ones name) underneath ; signm 2. a. to sign (as a document) with ones own hand in token of consent or obligation b. to attest by signing c. to pledge (a gift or contribution) by writing ones name wit

11、h the amountm 3. to assent to ; supportintransitive verbm 1. to sign ones name to a documentm 2. a. to give consent or approval to something written by signing b. to set ones name to a paper in token of promise to give something (as a sum ofmoney); also to give something in accordance with such a pr

12、omise c. to enter ones name for a publication or service; also to receive a periodical or serviceregularly on order d. to agree to purchase and pay for securities especially of a new offering m 3. to feel favorably disposed Synonyms: see assent?r nounSubservient解释GRE 红宝书adj.恭顺的英adj.恭顺的 ( obsequiousl

13、y submissive;truckling)记sub ( 下面) serv ( 服务) ient - 在下面服务 - 恭顺的Webster CollegiateadjectiveEtymology: Latin -, subserviens, present participle of subservireDate: circa 16261. useful in an inferior capacity ; subordinate2. serving to promote some end3. obsequiously submissive ; truckling?ly adverbSyno

14、nyms:m , servile, slavish, obsequious mean showing or characterized by extreme compliance or abjectobedience. implies the cringing manner of one very conscious of a subordinate position. servile suggests the mean orfawning behavior of a slave .slavish suggests abject or debased servility . obsequiou

15、s implies fawning or sycophantic compliance and exaggerateddeference of manner .Subside解释GRE 红宝书v. ( 建筑物等) 下陷; ( 天气等) 平息, 平静英v. ( 建筑物等) 下陷 ( to tend downward;descend) ; ( 天气等) 平息 ( to become quiet orless)类反义词: promote ( 促进)记sub ( 下面) side ( 坐) - 坐下去 - 下陷Webster Collegiateintransitive verb (d; subsid

16、ing)Etymology: Latin re, from sub- + sidere to sit down, sink; akin to Latin sedre to sit more at sitDate: 16071. to sink or fall to the bottom ; settle2. to tend downward ; descend; especially to flatten out so as to form a depression3. to let oneself settle down ; sink 4. to become quiet or less S

17、ynonyms: see abate?nce nounSubsidiary解释GRE 红宝书adj.辅助的; 次要的英adj.辅助的 ( furnishing aid or support;auxiliary) ; 次要的 ( of second importance)记sub ( 下面) sid ( 坐) iary - 坐在下面的 - 辅助的例a subsidiary stream ( 支流) a subsidiary payment ( 补贴费)Webster CollegiateI. adjectiveEtymology: Latin subsidiarius, from subsidi

18、um reserve troopsDate: 15431.m a. furnishing aid or support ; auxiliary m b. of secondary importance 2. of, relating to, or constituting a subsidy ?subsidiarily adverbII. noun (plural -aries)Date: 1603one that is ; especially a company wholly controlled by anotherSubsidize解释GRE 红宝书v. 津贴, 资助英v. 津贴, 资

19、助 ( pay part of the costs of sth. for someone)Webster Collegiatetransitive verb (-dized; -dizing)Date: 1769to furnish with a subsidy: asm a. to purchase the assistance of by payment of a subsidym b. to aid or promote (as a private enterprise) with public money ?subsidization noun?r nounSubsidy解释GRE

20、红宝书n.补助金英n.补助金 ( a grant or gift of money)类subsidy : support / debt : obligation ( 补助金是一种资助 / 债务是一种义务) sop :conciliatory / subsidy : supportive ( 安慰剂是安抚的 / 补助金是资助的)Webster Collegiatenoun (plural -dies)Etymology: Middle English subsidie, from Anglo-French, from Latin subsidium reserve troops,support,

21、 assistance, from sub- near + sedre to sit more at sub-, sitDate: 14th centurya grant or gift of money: asm a. a sum of money formerly granted by the British Parliament to the crown and raised byspecial taxationm b. money granted by one state to anotherm c. a grant by a government to a private perso

22、n or company to assist an enterprise deemedadvantageous to the publicSubsist解释GRE 红宝书v.生存下去英v.生存下去 ( exist; maintain life at a meager level)记sub ( 下面) +sist - 站下去 - 活下去 - 生存同派生词: subsistence ( n.生存, 生计existence; livelihood)Webster CollegiateverbEtymology: Late Latin ere to exist, from Latin, to come

23、 to a halt, remain, from sub- + sistere to cometo a stand; akin to Latin stare to stand more at standDate: 1549intransitive verbm 1. a. to have existence ; be b. persist, continuem 2. to have or acquire the necessities of life (as food and clothing); especially to nourish oneselfm 3. a. to hold true

24、 b. to be logically conceivable as the subject of true statementstransitive verbm to support with provisionsSubstantial解释GRE 红宝书adj. 坚固的, 结实的;实质的英adj. 坚固的, 结实的 ( strongly made) ; 实质的 ( concerning the important part or meaning)类反义词: tenuous ( 脆弱的) ; vaporous ( 无实质的)Webster CollegiateadjectiveDate: 14

25、th century1.m a. consisting of or relating to substancem b. not imaginary or illusory ; real, truem c. important, essential2. ample to satisfy and nourish ; full 3.m a. possessed of means ; well-to-dom b. considerable in quantity ; significantly great 4. firmly constructed ; sturdy 5. being largely

26、but not wholly that which is specified ? noun?ity noun?ly adverb?ness nounSubstantiate解释GRE 红宝书v.证实, 确证英v.证实, 确证 ( to establish by proof or competent evidence;verify)类反义词: controvert ( 反驳) ; disapprove ( 不赞成) : disproof ( 反驳)记substant ( 事实, 物质) iate - 用事实来证明;同参考: substance ( 物质)Webster Collegiatetra

27、nsitive verb (-ated; -ating)Date: 16571. to give substance or form to ; embody2. to establish by proof or competent evidence ; verify Synonyms: see confirm?substantiation noun?substantiative adjectiveSubstantive解释GRE 红宝书adj.根本的; 独立存在的英adj.根本的 ( dealing with essentials) ; 独立存在的 ( being a totally inde

28、pendent entity)类反义词: trivial ( 不重要的)Webster CollegiateI. nounEtymology: Middle English substantif, from Anglo-French sustentif, from sustentif, adjective, havingor expressing substance, from Late Latin substantivus, from Latin substantiaDate: 14th centurynoun; broadly a word or word group functionin

29、g syntactically as a noun?substantivize transitive verbII. adjectiveEtymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French sustentifDate: 14th century1. being a totally independent entity2.m a. real rather than apparent ; firm ; alsopermanent, enduringm b. belonging to the substance of a thing ; essentialm c.

30、 expressing existence m d. requiring or involving no mordant 3.m a. having the nature or function of a grammatical m b. relating to or having the character of a noun or pronominal term in logic4. considerable in amount or numbers ; substantial 5. creating and defining rights and duties compare proce

31、dural6. having substance ; involving matters of major or practical importance to all concerned ?ly adverb?ness nounSubstitute解释GRE 红宝书n.代替品; v.代替英n.代替品 ( a person or thing that takes the place or function of another) ; v.代替 ( replace)记sub ( 下面) stitute ( 站) - 站在下面的 - 代替品例Guess work is no substitute

32、for investigation.Webster CollegiateI. nounEtymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French substitut, from Latin substitutus, past participle ofsubstituere to put in place of, from sub- + statuere to set up, place more at statuteDate: 15th centurya person or thing that takes the place or function of an

33、other? adjectiveII. verb (-tuted; -tuting)Date: circa 1594transitive verbm 1. a. to put or use in the place of another b. to introduce (an atom or group) as a substituent; also to alter (as a compound) byintroduction of a substituent m 2. to take the place of ; replaceintransitive verbm to serve as

34、a Substratum解释GRE 红宝书n.基础, 根据英n.基础, 根据 ( an underlying support;foundation)记sub ( 下面) stratum ( 层次) - 下面一层 - 基础Webster Collegiatenoun (plural substrata)Etymology: Medieval Latin, from Latin, neuter of substratus, past participle of substernere to spreadunder, from sub- + sternere to spread more at st

35、rewDate: 1631an underlying support ; foundation: asm a. substance that is a permanent subject of qualities or phenomenam b. the material of which something is made and from which it derives its special qualitiesm c. a layer beneath the surface soil; specifically subsoilm d. substrate 2Subsume解释GRE 红

36、宝书v.包含, 包容英v.包含, 包容 ( to include within; to encompass as a subordinate)记sub ( 下面) sume ( 拿) - 拿在下面 - 包容同同根词: assume ( 假定, 设想) ;resume ( 恢复, 重来)Webster Collegiatetransitive verb (d; subsuming)Etymology: New Latin re, from Latin sub- + sumere to take up more at consumeDate: 1825to include or place wit

37、hin something larger or more comprehensive ; encompass as a subordinate orcomponent element ?subsumable adjectiveSubterfuge解释GRE 红宝书n.诡计, 托辞英n.诡计, 托辞 ( a deceptive device or stratagem)类subterfuge : deceive / eulogy : praise ( 托辞为了欺骗 / 颂词为了赞扬)记subter ( 私下) fuge ( 逃跑) - 诡计, 借口例a subterfuge to avoid go

38、ing to schoolWebster CollegiatenounEtymology: Late Latin subterfugium, from Latin re to escape, evade, from subter- secretly (fromsubter underneath; akin to Latin sub under) + fugere to flee more at up, fugitiveDate: 15731. deception by artifice or stratagem in order to conceal, escape, or evade2. a

39、 deceptive device or stratagemSynonyms: see deceptionSubterranean解释GRE 红宝书adj.地下的英adj.地下的 ( being under the surface of the earth)记sub ( 下面) terr ( 地) anean - 地下的同同根词: terrain ( 地形) ;terrace ( 梯田)Webster Collegiatealso subterraneous adjectiveEtymology: Latin subterraneus, from sub- + terra earth more

40、 at thirstDate: 16031. being, lying, or operating under the surface of the earth2. existing or working in secret ; hidden ?ly also subterraneously adverbSubtle解释GRE 红宝书adj. 微妙的, 精巧的Webster Collegiateadjective (r; st)Etymology: Middle English sotil, subtile, from Anglo-French, from Latin subtilis, li

41、terally, finelytextured, from sub- + tela cloth on a loom; akin to Latin texere to weave more at technicalDate: 14th century1.m a. delicate, elusive m b. difficult to understand or perceive ; obscure 2.m a. perceptive, refined m b. having or marked by keen insight and ability to penetrate deeply and

42、 thoroughly 3.m a. highly skillful ; expert m b. cunningly made or contrived ; ingenious4. artful, crafty 5. operating insidiously ?ness noun?subtly adverbSubtlety解释GRE 红宝书n. 狡猾; 微妙 ( 的感情)英n. 狡猾 ( cunning, ingenuity) ; 微妙 ( 的感情) ( delicateness)类melodrama : subtlety / chimera : authenticity ( 情节剧不细腻

43、/ 幻想不真实)记来自subtle ( 奥妙的, 狡猾的) tyWebster Collegiatenoun (plural -ties)Etymology: Middle English sotilte, subtilte, from Anglo-French sotilt, from Latin subtilitat-,subtilitas, from subtilisDate: 14th century1. the quality or state of being subtle2. something subtleSubtract解释GRE 红宝书v. 减去, 减掉英v. 减去, 减掉

44、 ( take a number, amount from something larger)记sub（下）+tract（拉） - 拉下去 - 减去Webster CollegiateverbEtymology: Latin us, past participle of subtrahere to draw from beneath, withdraw, from sub- +trahere to drawDate: 1557transitive verbm to take away by or as if by deducting intransitive verbm to perform

45、a ion?er nounSubvention解释GRE 红宝书n.补助金, 津贴英n.补助金, 津贴 ( the provision of assistance or financial support)记sub ( 下面) vent ( 来) ion - 来到下面作为帮助 - 补助金Webster CollegiatenounEtymology: Middle English subvencion, from Middle French & Late Latin; Middle French subvencio?n, from Late Latin -, subventio assista

46、nce, from Latin subvenire to come up, come to the rescue,from sub- up + venire to come more at sub-, comeDate: 15th centurythe provision of assistance or financial support: asm a. endowmentm b. a subsidy from a government or foundation?ary adjectiveSubvert解释GRE 红宝书v.颠覆, 推翻英v.颠覆, 推翻 ( to overturn or

47、overthrow from the foundation)类反义词: reinforce ( 加强)记sub ( 下面) vert ( 转) - 在下面转 - 推翻例subvert a dictatorship ( 推翻独裁统治)Webster Collegiatetransitive verbEtymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French ir, from Latin ere, literally, to turn from beneath,from sub- + vertere to turn more at worthDate: 14th ce

48、ntury1. to overturn or overthrow from the foundation ; ruin2. to pervert or corrupt by an undermining of morals, allegiance, or faith?er nounSuccessively解释GRE 红宝书adv. 接连地, 继续地记来自形容词successive（连续的）Webster Collegiateadverbsee successiveSuccinctness解释GRE 红宝书n. 简洁, 简明类反义词: circumlocution ( 话语冗长) ; proli

49、xity ( 冗长)Webster Collegiatenounsee succinctSuccor解释GRE 红宝书v.救助, 援助; n.救助, 援助英v.救助, 援助 ( to go to the aid of)类反义词: aggravate ( 使恶化)记suc ( 下面) cor ( 跑) - 跑到下面来 - 救助例They were busy providing succor to the injured.Webster CollegiateI. nounEtymology: Middle English socour, sucurs (taken as plural), from

50、 Anglo-French sucur, sucors, fromMedieval Latin succursus, from Latin succurrere to run to the rescue, bring aid, from sub- + currereto run more at carDate: 13th century1. relief; also aid, help2. something that furnishes reliefII. transitive verb (ed; ing)Date: 13th centuryto go to the aid of ; rel

51、ieve?er nounSucculent解释GRE 红宝书adj.多汁的英adj.多汁的 ( full of juice; juicy; toothsome)记succ ( suck吸汁) ulent - 多汁的例a succulent mango ( 味甘汁多的芒果)Webster CollegiateI. adjectiveEtymology: Latin suculentus, from sucus juice, sap; perhaps akin to Latin sugere to suck more atsuckDate: 16011.m a. full of juice ; j

52、uicym b. moist and tasty ; toothsome m c. of a plant having fleshy tissues that conserve moisture2. rich in interest?ly adverbII. nounDate: 1825a plant (as a cactus or an aloe)Succumb解释GRE 红宝书v.屈从; 因.死亡Webster Collegiateintransitive verbEtymology: French & Latin; French succomber, from Latin ere, fr

53、om sub- + -cumbere to lie down;akin to Latin cubare to lieDate: 16041. to yield to superior strength or force or overpowering appeal or desire 2. to be brought to an end (as death) by the effect of destructive or disruptive forcesSynonyms: see yieldSuede解释GRE 红宝书n.表面粗糙的软皮革英n.表面粗糙的软皮革 ( leather with

54、a napped surface)例suede gloves ( 软皮手套)Webster CollegiateI. noun also sudeEtymology: French gants de Sude Swedish glovesDate: 18831. leather with a napped surface2. a fabric finished with a nap to simulate II. verb (d; sueding)Date: 1921transitive verbm to give a finish or nap to (a fabric or leather

55、)intransitive verbm to give cloth or leather a finishSuffice解释GRE 红宝书v.足够, ( 食物) 满足英v.足够, ( 食物) 满足 ( to meet or satisfy a need)记suf ( 下面) fice ( 做) - 做出来 - 足够例One glass suffices me. ( 我一杯就够)Webster Collegiateverb (d; sufficing)Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French suffis-, stem of suffire, fr

56、om Latin re to provide, beadequate, from sub- + facere to make, do more at doDate: 14th centuryintransitive verbm 1. to meet or satisfy a need ; be sufficient often used with animpersonal it m 2. to be competent or capabletransitive verbm to be enough for ?r nounSufficient解释GRE 红宝书adj.足够的英adj.足够的 (

57、enough to meet the needs)Webster CollegiateadjectiveEtymology: Middle English, from Latin -, sufficiens, from present participle of sufficereDate: 14th century1.m a. enough to meet the needs of a situation or a proposed end m b. being a condition2. archaic qualified, competent?ly adverbSynonyms:m ,

58、enough, adequate, competent mean being what is necessary or desirable. suggests a closemeeting of a need . enough is less exact in suggestion than . adequate may imply barely meeting a requirement . competent suggests measuring up to all requirements withoutquestion or being adequately adapted to an

59、 end .Suffocate解释GRE 红宝书v. ( 使) 窒息而死英v. ( 使) 窒息而死 ( to die from being unable to breathe)类suffocate : oxygen / starve : nutrients ( 窒息缺乏氧气 / 饥饿缺乏营养物)记suf ( 下面) foc ( 喉咙) ate - 在喉咙下面 - 使.窒息Webster Collegiateverb (-cated; -cating)Etymology: Middle English, from Latin suffocatus, past participle of suff

60、ocare to choke, stifle, fromsub- + fauces throatDate: 15th centurytransitive verbm 1. a. (1) to stop the respiration of (as by strangling or asphyxiation) (2) to deprive of oxygen b. to make uncomfortable by want of fresh airm 2. to impede or stop the development ofintransitive verbm 1. to become d: