剑9阅读真题2isthereanybodyoutthere

1、WORD格式PAGE1 / NUMPAGES5剑9阅读2原文和生词IsThereAnybodyOutThere?TheSearchforExtra-terrestrialIntelligenceThequestionofwhetherwearealoneintheUniversehashauntedhumanityforcenturies,butwemaynowstandpoisedonthebrinkoftheanswertothatquestion,aswesearchforradiosignalsfromotherintelligentcivilizations.Thissearch,o

2、ftenknownbytheacronymSETI(searchforextra-terrestrialintelligence),isadifficultone.Althoughgroupsaroundtheworldhavebeensearchingintermittentlyforthreedecades,itisonlynowthatwehavereachedtheleveloftechnologywherewecanmakeadeterminedattempttosearchallnearbystarsforanysignoflife.1.hauntedadj.闹鬼的，鬼魂常出没的，

3、受到困扰的。hauntn常到的地方，vt，缠住，常到，出没（像鬼魂似的）2.poised.adj.泰然自若的，蓄势待发的，保持平衡的，有充分准备。3.Brinkn.边缘，边沿，界限。4.Acronymn.首字母缩略词Acro是否是一个前缀，而nym与name意义接近。5civilisation(E)=civilization(A)发音一样，英为S，美国为Z。文明，文化，教化。6extra-terrestrialn.外星人，adj.地球（大气圈）外，的人，行星际的。Terran.土，土地，地球Terraalba石膏粉，白土Terracotta赤土制成的陶器Terraincognita【拉】未发现

4、的地域，未知知识领域Terracen.平台，阳台，梯田Terracedhouse排屋中的一栋房屋，联排别墅Terracing梯田，阶地，阶梯看台区。7intermittentlyadv间歇地intermitv暂时停止，中断，（使）间断ATheprimaryreasonforthesearchisbasiccuriositythesamecuriosityaboutthenaturalworldthatdrivesallpurescience.WewanttoknowwhetherwearealoneintheUniverse.Wewanttoknowwhetherlifeevolvesnatu

5、rallyifgiventherightconditions,orwhetherthereissomethingveryspecialabouttheEarthtohavefosteredthevarietyoflifeformsthatweseearoundusontheplanet.Thesimpledetectionofaradiosignalwillbesufficienttoanswerthismostbasicofallquestions.Inthissense,SETIisanothercoginthemachineryofpuresciencewhichiscontinuall

6、ypushingoutthehorizonofourknowledge.However,thereareotherreasonsforbeinginterestedinwhetherlifeexistselsewhere.Forexample,wehavehadcivilizationonEarthforperhapsonlyafewthousandyears,andthethreatsofnuclearwarandpollutionoverthelastfewdecadeshavetoldusthatoursurvivalmaybetenuous.Willwelastanothertwoth

7、ousandyearsorwillwewipeourselvesout?Sincethelifetimeofaplanetlikeoursisseveralbillionyears,wecanexpectthat,ifothercivilizationsdosurviveinourgalaxy,theirageswillrangefromzerotoseveralbillionyears.Thusanyothercivilizationthatwehearfromislikelytobefarolder,onaverage,thanourselves.Themereexistenceofsuc

8、hacivilizationwilltellusthattheoldercivilizationmaypassonthebenefitsoftheirexperienceindealingwiththreatstosurvivalsuchasnuclearwarandglobalpollution,andotherthreatsthatwehaventyetdiscovered.8evolvev.(使)逐步形成，使逐步演变，进化TheAmericanconstitutionwasplanned;theBritishconstitutionevolved.美国宪法是精心制定的，英国宪法是约定俗成

9、的。Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermanyyearsofresearch.他经过多年的研究，逐渐总结出了新的理论。evolve的基本意思是“演变”进“化”表,示某物事物自身发展的结果,也可表示某物事物逐渐地、循序地显现、展开,强调其缓慢、复杂的演变过程。evolve既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语;用作不及物动词时,常与介词from,into等连用。9fosterv.领养，培养，促进，抱有希望等adj收养的10sufficientadj足够的充分的，to,足够1111cogn.轮齿；从属地位的人或物；诈骗；雄榫v.用雄榫连接；欺骗

10、12tenuousadj.脆弱的；稀薄的；贫乏的；纤细的；空洞的13lifetimen.一生；终身；寿命；使用期限14optimismn.乐观；乐观主义15BIndiscussingwhetherwearealone,mostSETIscientistsadopttwogroundrules.First,UFOs(UnidentifiedFlyingObjects)aregenerallyignoredsincemostscientistsdonconsidertheevidenceforthemtobestrongenoughtobearseriousconsideration(althou

11、ghitisalsoimportanttokeepanopenmindincaseanyreallyconvincingevidenceemergesinthefuture).Second,wemakeaveryconservativeassumptionthatwearelookingforalifeformthatisprettywelllikeus,sinceifitdiffersradicallyfromuswemaywellnotrecognizeitasalifeform,quiteapartfromwhetherweareabletocommunicatewithit.Inoth

12、erwords,thelifeformwearelookingformaywellhavetwogreenheadsandsevenfingers,butitwillneverthelessresembleusinthatitshouldcommunicatewithitsfellows,beinterestedintheUniverse,liveonaplanetorbitingastarlikeourSun,andperhapsmostrestrictively,haveachemistry,likeus,basedoncarbonandwater.16groundrulesn.程序；场地

13、临时规则；基本规则17mergevi.浮现；(由某种状态)脱出；(事实)显现出来18conservativeadj.保守的；守旧的n.保守派(党)；保守的人18radicallyadv.根本地；完全地；过激地19uiteapartfrom更何况,更不用说21everthelessresembleadv.尽管如此；不过；仍然conj.然而/不过像，相似22orbitn.势力X围；眼眶；轨迹vt.绕轨道而行；进入轨道vi.盘旋CEverwhenwemaketheseassumptions,ourunderstandingofotherlifeformsisstillseverelylimited.

14、Wedonotevenknow,forexample,howmanystarshaveplanets,andwecertainlydonotknowhowlikelyitisthatlifewillarisenaturally,giventherightconditions.However,whenwelookatthe100billionstarsinourgalaxy(theMilkyWay),and100billiongalaxiesintheobservableUniverse,itseemsinconceivablethatatleastoneoftheseplanetsdoesno

15、thavealifeformonit;infact,thebesteducatedguesswecanmake,usingthelittlethatwedoknowabouttheconditionsforcarbon-basedlife,leadsustoestimatethatperhapsonein100,000starsmighthavealife-bearingplanetorbitingit.Thatmeansthatournearestneighboursareperhaps100lightyearsaway,whichisalmostnextdoorinastronomical

16、terms.23estimaten.估价；估计v.估计；估价；评价24astronomicaladj.天文学的；巨大的DAnaliencivilizationcouldchoosemanydifferentwaysofsendinginformationacrossthegalaxy,butmanyoftheseeitherrequiretoomuchenergy,orelseareseverelyattenuatedwhiletraversingthevastdistancesacrossthegalaxy.Itturnsoutthat,foragivenamountoftransmitte

17、dpower,radiowavesinthefrequencyrange1000to3000MHztravelthegreatestdistance,andsoallsearchestodatehaveconcentratedonlookingforradiowavesinthisfrequencyrange.Sofartherehavebeenanumberofsearchesbyvariousgroupsaroundtheworld,includingAustraliansearchesusingtheradiotelescopeatParkes,NewSouthWales.Untilno

18、wtherehavenotbeenanydetectionsfromthefewhundredstarswhichhavebeensearched.Thescaleofthesearcheshasbeenincreaseddramaticallysince1992,whentheUSCongressvotedNASA$10millionperyearfortenyearstoconductathoroughsearchforextra-terrestriallife.Muchofthemoneyinthisprojectisbeingspentondevelopingthespecialhar

19、dwareneededtosearchmanyfrequenciesatonce.Theprojecthastwoparts.Onepartisatargetedsearchusingtheworldslargtelescopes,theAmerican-operatedtelescopeinArecibo,PuertoRicoandtheFrenchtelescopeinNancyinFrance.Thispartoftheprojectissearchingthenearest1000likelystarswithhighsensitivityforsignalsinthefrequenc

20、yrange1000to3000MHz.Theotherpartoftheprojectisanundirectedsearchwhichismonitoringallofspacewithalowersensitivity,usingthesmallerantennasofNASAsDeepSpaceNetwork.25lienn.外侨；外国人；外星人adj.外国的；陌生的；相异的26attenuatedv.变细；稀释；变弱adj.细的；薄的；减少的27traversingn.横渡；横越动词traverse的现在分词.28vastadj.巨大的；广阔的29turnoutv.结果是；生产；出现；关闭；翻转；证明是30transmittedadj.传输的；传送的；传达的31thoroughadj.彻底的；完全的；详尽的；细致深入的32antennas英?nten?z天线EThereisconsiderabledebateoverhowweshouldreactifwedetectasignalfromanaliencivilization.Everybodyagreesthatweshou