英语句子的基本结构

1、WritingCourse Requirement 课程要求上课专心听讲，做好笔记踊跃发言，敢于提出自己的问题和见解课后认真完成作业Syllabus 学期课程安排Sep 1-27 Unit 1-5 Grammar Training 9月1-27日 语法训练Sep 28- Oct 25 Unit 13-15 Grammar Training 9月28日-10月25日 表达方式训练Oct 26 -Nov 29 Unit 17-19 Structure Training 10月26日-11月29日 文章结构训练At the end of November Mid-term 11月末 期中考试Dece

2、mber The end of this semester 后半学期Unit 6-12 Specialized Training on Writing 写作专题训练Writing Task 课堂活动Write a short passage about yourselfRequirement: 1. Write a passage about yourself. (100-150 words) 写一遍自我介绍的文章 2. You can write from the view of first- person or third-person. 第一/三人称 3.You can write an

3、ything about yourself, for example name, height, age, hobbies, the place you like, etc. Basic Sentence Structure句子的基本结构Basic Sentence StructureWordSentenceParagraphPassage正确运用符合规则逻辑关系结构What is a sentence？What are the two basic elements to form a sentence?指至少有一个主语（Subject）和动词（verb），并能表达完整意思的词的集合。Frag

4、ment 指的是没有主语或者动词，或者不能表达完整意思的词的集合。句子的主体，全句述说的对象，一般由名词、主格代词、动词不定式或者动名词担任。常置于句首。Subject 主语Tom needs a pen.I like playing football.Taking a walk is very good exercise.To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the world.说明主语的动作或者状态。由动词担任。常置于主语后。 Predicate 谓语The train leaves at 6:00.My hobby is

5、 reading books.Sally has been to the U.S.A for 10 years.He didnt return to me for help.宾语跟在及物动词后，有直接和间接之分，可以用下面这些东西表示：1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 数词 4. 动名词 5.不定式 6.复合结构 7.名词化的形容词Object 宾语She died a heroic death.Tony hates her.The successful rate is 100%.Object 宾语My grandmother enjoys watching TV series.Tim was a

6、sked to speak in front of the whole school.I insisted on Marys coming here.These seats are for the disabled. Object 宾语宾语又分为直接宾语（ Object Direct ）和间接宾语（ Object Indirect ）You lent me your dictionary.My mother bought my brother a computer.直接宾语直接宾语间接宾语间接宾语直接宾语直接宾语间接宾语间接宾语Predicative 表语Tim is a teacher.Th

7、e tomatoes seem rotten.This kind of cloth feels very soft.His plan turns out a success.表语是用来说明主语的特征、状态、性质，放置在系动词之后。Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子结构系动词包括以下几类：1. be， seem, appear2. look, sound, taste, smell, feel (感官类感官类)3. get, turn, become, go, grow (变化类变化类)4. stay, remain, keep, continue (维持类维持类)修饰名词或

8、代词的词、短语或者从句称为定语。Attributive 定语Guilin is a beautiful city.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.He is reading a book that he has never read.Tim is writing an article about how to improve English.Adverbial 状语They were greatly touched to hear the old mans story.How about meeting again at

9、six？I shall go there if it doesnt rain.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.状语类似于副词，可以分为目的状语、时间状语、方式状语、伴随状语、让步状语、比较状语、条件状语和结构状语。Adverbial 状语I am taller than he is.She works very hard tough she is old.He felt so tired that he fell asleep quickly.Rose didnt go to the party last night because of the rain.

10、状语类似于副词，可以分为目的状语、时间状语、方式状语、伴随状语、让步状语、比较状语、条件状语和结果状语。Complement 补语Let the fresh air in.We found everything in the lab in good conditions.We will soon make our city what your city is.We saw her entering the room.补语可以分为主语补足语和宾语补足语。主语补足语一般很少见，宾语补足语出现的频率很大。宾语补足是对句子中的宾语的一种补充说明。同位语是对前面名词或者代词作进一步解释说明的成分。App

11、ositive 同位语We students should respect our teachers.Kitty, an American teacher, will come to our school. 1. Mrs. Blanco has gone to visit her mother at the hospital. 2. Finding a parking space is usually easy during the week. 3. Traffic is busy during the evening rush hour . 4. To apply for a job at

12、the new store in the mall.Quiz 小测试5. Frances found out how expensive the wallpapering job would be.6. She decided to do the work herself.7. The nineteen-year-old car looked out of place next to the new models.8. I met my best friend Sophie at the station yesterday.Sentence ElementsObjectComplementVe

13、rb PhraseSubject谓语补语主语宾语Sentence ElementsPredicativeAttributiveAdverbial定语状语表语Appositive同位语英英语语的的句句子子结结构构简单句并列句复合句Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子结构1. S+V 主语+谓语（注：这种句型里的动词必须为不及物动词）The telephone rang.His father might have died.Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子结构2. S+V+P 主语+系动词+表语The plan sounds perfect.Frank is

14、 an artist.The question is who can really repair the machine.Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子结构系动词包括以下几类：1. be， seem, appear2. look, sound, taste, smell, feel (感官类感官类)3. get, turn, become, go, grow (变化类变化类)4. stay, remain, keep, continue (维持类维持类)Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子结构3. S+V+O 主语+谓语+宾语（注：这种句型里的动词必须为不及物动词）I saw a bird.My sister enjoyed the play.I like to do sports in my free time.Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子结构4. S+V+O. I. + O.