2022届七选五答题思路学案材料

1、第12页 共12页2022届七选五答题思路 学案材料1 七选五解题技巧 一、根据 连接词衔接手段解题一一七选五试题概述 1.考察目的 考试说明对 “七选五”的命题目的表述为“主要考察学生对文章的 整体内容和 构造以及 上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。” 七选五与完形填空有相似之处，完形填空空出的是词，而七选五空出的是句子，考察的方式一样，只要考生选择的答案可以使 行文连接符合英语的语法以及表达习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共通之处。全国高考试卷包括北京高考试卷7 选 5 试题根本为说明文。北京高考试题以科普说明文为主。全国高考三套试卷早期的试题语篇类型多以 方法建议类说明文为主，属于

2、典型的“总分(总)”，第 1 段是文章主旨，其他段落分别说明，各段落之间是平行、并列关系，并且各段多以 主题句加解释说明性，而近两年只有 20_ 年全国卷 2，2022 年全国卷 1 采用了这种中规中矩的构造文体，其余的要么采用了 递进式构造语篇文本，要么采用了 双层“总分( 总) ”构造，其文本构造不再像以前一样一目了然。第 什么叫“总分总”构造？也就是第 1 段他给你一个总述，然后第 2 、3 、4 段分别介绍，最后一段进展一个总结。23.七选五文本中的显性和隐性衔接手段 语篇应该具有 连接性，语篇连接是依靠 语篇衔接关系建立起来的。实现语篇连接的衔接机制有 显性和 隐性之分，其中显性衔接

3、是实现语篇连接的主要手段，而隐性衔接那么是实现语篇连接的不可缺少的方式。二者相间使用，互相补充，促成整个语篇连接的建立。显性衔接手段大体可通过 词汇衔接、 语法衔接以及 连接词衔接等三个方面来实现；隐形衔接存在于语篇的底层，是语篇的无形网络。这种无形网络对语篇信息的理解带来了很大困难。读者在理解无明显标记或仅有局部标记的语篇时，必须 借助上下文语境、 图式知识背景知识及 推理想象等手段来完好理解语篇的隐含意义。4.英语语篇的显性衔接：连接词衔接连接词如：not only.but also、but连接词衔接：这里的连接词是 广义的，它不仅包括 语法意义上的连词，也包括具有连接意义的由 副词或介词

4、短语所表达的状语。通过连接词的运用，人们可以理解句子之间的语义联络，甚至可以 经前句从逻辑上可预见后续句的语义，从而进一步明确句子语义开展的方向。连接词本身不仅 具有清楚的语义，更重要的是他们可以 表达出某种逻辑关系，因此连接词的运用 标志着某种语义概念及 逻辑关系的出现，在语篇中发挥着 起承转合的作用。连接词的作用：无论在口语还是书面语中，这些起连接作用的词语以其特有的方式来帮助人们理解语篇，标示出一个观点是如何从一方面表到达另一方面的。它们的这种连接作用如同旅途上的路标，为旅行者指路导航。1 先后次序关系first; to begin with; to start with; first

5、of all; second; ne_t; at last; to end with;finally; eventually; last but not least(最后一点但这一点跟前面的一样重要previously; simultaneously(同时地); at this time; since then; afterwards; following this; preceding this在这之前。2 因果关系 because；since；as; for; in that.(因为；由于；既然); because of this; owing to; due to; for this r

6、eason; as a result of this; another important factor/reason of .; the reason seems to be obvious; so; therefore; thus;hence; accordingly 因此；consequently 结果；in consequence; as a consequence; as a result; inevitably 必然地; so that.(so 前必须有逗号3 3 转折关系 but; however; even so ; yet.; and yet;though; even tho

7、ugh;despite that;in spite of that; regardless of (不管，不顾4 并列关系 and; also; too; as well as; similarly; likewise 同样地,；either., or.； both.and.; 5 补充递进关系furthermore; moreover;ne_t; besides;in addition to;additionally not only.but also.; not.but.; more importantly ; most important of all; much more intere

8、sting; more specifically; on the one hand., on the other hand.; meanwhile; at the same time; 6 比拟关系 Similarly；in like manner 同样地 In parison with; when pared with; pared with;Like .;similarly important;.rather than(而不是).in the same way; 7 对照不同点yet; still; notwithstanding 尽管； rather; conversely 相反地；un

9、like;opposed to; as opposed to; in contrast(to); on the contrary; contrary to; something is just the other way around 有些事恰恰相反； different from this; nevertheless 然而；whereas 然而；while;8 强调关系in fact; in truth 事实上；especially;obviously; particularly ; what is particular; undeniably; definitely;undoubtedly

10、; without a doubt; not to mention.; to be strict; to be true 诚然；In any event 无论怎么样； without reservation 毫无保存地； it is certain/ sure that.; 9 举例关系 for e_le；for instance； take something as e_le；take the case of ; namely 即，换句话说 in this case;as you know; you may say; as he e_plains; like ; such as; inclu

11、ding.;for one thing.,for another.; put it simply; A case in point is .; a good e_le(of.)would be .; To detail this, I would like to .; It is interesting to note that.; 10 条件关系 if, lest 以免；unless; as long as; on condition that, providing that, provided that; once.; if possible 如有可能；if necessary; if s

12、o; if not all 即便不是全部； if anything 假如有什么不同的话 例句：if anything, YYPrsquo;s uneasiness deepened.假如说有什么不一样的话，那就是 YYP变得越来越不安了。45 因果关系 例 例 2 20_ 全国卷 3 online class Donrsquo;t openly e_press annoyance at a professor or class.40When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually

13、 says more about the student.If there is truly a concern about a professorrsquo;s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your ments.A.Thatrsquo;s what they are for.B.Turn to an online instructor for help.C.If more information is needed, they will ask.D.R

14、emember that online professors get a lot of emails.E.Below are some mon dorsquo;s and donts for online learners.F.Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G.Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.2.转折关系 该技巧主要是指前后句构成逻辑上的转折关系，其关系词有 instead, however,thoug

15、h 等作为提示。例 120_ 全国 1You didnrsquo;t lose “everything”.Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40_instead, itrsquo;s a healthy way to work through the e_perience t

16、o allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can e_pect the best in return.E.Theyrsquo;ve been too badly hurt and they canrsquo;t bear to let it happen again.F.This

17、knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnrsquo;t mean yoursquo;re ignoring what happened.解析：根据空格前一句和空格后 instead 一词后所述内容可知前后句是转折关 系；既要看到事情的积极面，也不要无视所发生的事情。应选 G6 例 例 320_ 全国 1 A garden thatrsquo;s just right for you答案：E 隐性转折 例

18、 4 2022 全国 1Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.A.This isnrsquo;t usual though.B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guest

19、s.D.If yoursquo;re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.例 6 2022 山东卷 【

20、1】Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking._(16) Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.7【2】People want to listen to someone who is interesting, rela_ed and fortable.Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” a

21、t the e_pense of the “speaking.” A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effective public speaker.C.You donrsquo;t need to apologize for a minor slip.D.When it es to public speaking, less is usually more.E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.F.Take the fear out of public speaking

22、 by focusing on your listeners.G However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 F.With a code book, you might write down words that would sta

23、nd for other words.8For e_le, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me”.The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me”. 40However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without a code book.句式同样，并列句式B.In any language, some let